Caron: Difference between revisions
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| Řř /r̝/ | | Řř /r̝/ | ||
| This is a raised non-sonorant trill. Unaccented Rr stands for /r/.<ref name=czech_consonants>[[Wikipedia:Czech_language#Consonants|Czech language, Consonants]] at Wikipedia.</ref> | | This is a raised non-sonorant trill. Unaccented Rr stands for /r/.<ref name=czech_consonants>[[Wikipedia:Czech_language#Consonants|Czech language, Consonants]] at Wikipedia.</ref> | ||
|- | |||
| Falling-rising (dipping) [[Wikipedia:Tone_(linguistics)|tone]] | |||
| [[Wikipedia:Mandarin_Chinese|Mandarin]] ([[Wikipedia:Pinyin|Pinyin]] romanization) | |||
| Ǎǎ /a˨˩˦/, Ěě /ə˨˩˦/, Ǐǐ /i˨˩˦/, Ǒǒ /ə˨˩˦/, Ǔǔ /u˨˩˦/, Ǚǚ /y˨˩˦/ | |||
| Pinyin was created in the 1950s, and its tone marks were based on the [[Wikipedia:Bopomofo|Bopomofo]] phonetic notation.<ref name=pinyin>[[Wikipedia:Pinyin#History_after_1949|Pinyin, History after 1949]] at Wikipedia.</ref> Note that these tone values are based on the Beijing dialect.<ref name=beijing_dialect>[[Wikipedia:Mandarin_Chinese#Tones|Mandarin Chinese, Tones]] at Wikipedia.</ref> | |||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan=2 | [[Wikipedia:Palatal_consonant|Palatal]] phoneme | | rowspan=2 | [[Wikipedia:Palatal_consonant|Palatal]] phoneme |
Revision as of 07:40, 16 January 2015
Caron is also known as háček or haček. It originated from dot above in Czech orthography.[1] Note that the caron is easily confused with the similar looking breve ˘, especially in small font sizes.
Caron in Unicode
ˇ | ◌̌ | Ǎ | ǎ | Č | č | Ď | ď | DŽ | Dž | dž | Ě | ě |
U+02C7 | U+030C | U+01CD | U+01CD | U+010C | U+010D | U+010E | U+010F | U+01C4 | U+01C5 | U+01C6 | U+011A | U+011B |
Caron | Combining Caron | Latin Letter Capital A With Caron | Latin Letter Small A With Caron | Latin Capital Letter C With Caron | Latin Small Letter C With Caron | Latin Capital Letter D With Caron | Latin Small Letter D With Caron | Latin Capital Letter Dz With Caron | Latin Capital Letter D With Small Letter Z With Caron | Latin Small Letter Dz With Caron | Latin Capital Letter E With Caron | Latin Small Letter E With Caron |
Note: May be confused with Modifier Letter Down Arrowhead, ˅ (U+02C5). | Note: The caron looks actually like an apostrophe placed to the right of the ascender of the d. | |||||||||||
Ǧ | ǧ | Ȟ | ȟ | Ǐ | ǐ | ǰ | Ǩ | ǩ | Ľ | ľ | Ň | ň |
U+01E6 | U+01E7 | U+021E | U+021F | U+01CF | U+01D0 | U+01F0 | U+01E8 | U+01E9 | U+013D | U+013E | U+0147 | U+0148 |
Latin Capital Letter G With Caron | Latin Small Letter G With Caron | Latin Capital Letter H With Caron | Latin Small Letter H With Caron | Latin Capital Letter I With Caron | Latin Small Letter I With Caron | Latin Small Letter J With Caron | Latin Capital Letter K With Caron | Latin Small Letter K With Caron | Latin Capital Letter L With Caron | Latin Small Letter L With Caron | Latin Capital Letter N With Caron | Latin Small Letter N With Caron |
Note: The caron looks actually like an apostrophe placed to the right of the ascender of the Ll. | ||||||||||||
Ǒ | ǒ | Ř | ř | Š | š | Ṧ | ṧ | Ť | ť | Ǔ | ǔ | Ǚ |
U+01D1 | U+01D2 | U+0158 | U+0159 | U+0160 | U+0161 | U+1E66 | U+1E67 | U+0164 | U+0165 | U+01D3 | U+01D4 | U+01D9 |
Latin Capital Letter O With Caron | Latin Small Letter O With Caron | Latin Capital Letter R With Caron | Latin Small Letter R With Caron | Latin Capital Letter S With Caron | Latin Small Letter S With Caron | Latin Capital Letter S With Caron And Dot Above | Latin Small Letter S With Caron And Dot Above | Latin Capital Letter T With Caron | Latin Small Letter T With Caron | Latin Capital Letter U With Caron | Latin Small Letter U With Caron | Latin Capital Letter U With Diaeresis And Caron |
Note: The caron looks actually like an apostrophe placed to the right of the ascender of the t. | ||||||||||||
ǚ | Ž | ž | Ǯ | ǯ | ||||||||
U+01DA | U+017D | U+017E | U+01EE | U+01EF | ||||||||
Latin Small Letter U With Diaeresis And Caron | Latin Capital Letter Z With Caron | Latin Small Letter Z With Caron | Latin Capital Letter Ezh With Caron | Latin Small Letter Ezh With Caron |
Caron in Natlangs
Usage | Language | Letters | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Change of manner of articulation | Czech | Řř /r̝/ | This is a raised non-sonorant trill. Unaccented Rr stands for /r/.[2] |
Falling-rising (dipping) tone | Mandarin (Pinyin romanization) | Ǎǎ /a˨˩˦/, Ěě /ə˨˩˦/, Ǐǐ /i˨˩˦/, Ǒǒ /ə˨˩˦/, Ǔǔ /u˨˩˦/, Ǚǚ /y˨˩˦/ | Pinyin was created in the 1950s, and its tone marks were based on the Bopomofo phonetic notation.[3] Note that these tone values are based on the Beijing dialect.[4] |
Palatal phoneme | Czech | Ďď /ɟ/, Ěě /(j)ɛ/, Ňň /ɲ/, Ťť /c/ | Ěě stands for an /ɛ/ that makes a previous Dd, Nn, Tt be /ɟ, ɲ, c/, a previous Bb, Ff, Pp, Vv be /bj, fj, pj, vj/, and a previous Mm /mɲ/. This letter is not found in other positions.[5] |
Slovak | Ďď /ɟ/, Ľľ /ʎ/, Ňň /ɲ/, Ťť /c/ | In Slovak handwriting ď, ľ and ť have an actual caron instead of an apostrophe.[6] | |
Postalveolar consonant | Czech, Latgalian, Latvian | Čč /tʃ/, Šš /ʃ/, Žž /ʒ/ | Unaccented Cc stands for /ts/ in Czech, Latvian and Latgalian. |
Livonian | Šš /ʃ/, Žž /ʒ/ | ||
Slovak | Čč /tʃ/, DŽdž /dʒ/, Šš /ʃ/, Žž /ʒ/ | ||
Uvular consonant | Heiltsuk-Oowekyala (Heiltsuk dialect, official orthography and Rath's orthography) | Ǧǧ /ɢ/, Ǧv ǧv /ɢʷ/, X̌x̌ /χ/, X̌v x̌v /χʷ/ | Note that X̌x̌ is not a precomposed letter. |
See Also
References
- ↑ Caron, Origin at Wikipedia.
- ↑ Czech language, Consonants at Wikipedia.
- ↑ Pinyin, History after 1949 at Wikipedia.
- ↑ Mandarin Chinese, Tones at Wikipedia.
- ↑ Czech orthography, Letter Ě at Wikipedia.
- ↑ Slovak language, Orthography at Wikipedia.