Dot Above

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The dot above diacritic is also known as overdot, or anusvāra in Indic context.[1]

Dot Above in Unicode

Characters with Dot Above
˙ ◌̇ Ȧ ȧ Ǡ ǡ Ḃ ḃ Ċ ċ Ḋ ḋ Ė
U+02D9 U+0307 U+0226 U+0227 U+01E0 U+01E1 U+1E02 U+1E03 U+010A U+010B U+1E0A U+1E0B U+0116
Dot Above Combining Dot Above Latin Capital Letter A With Dot Above Latin Small Letter A With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter A With Dot Above And Macron Latin Small Letter A With Dot Above And Macron Latin Capital Letter B With Dot Above Latin Small Letter B With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter C With Dot Above Latin Small Letter C With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter D With Dot Above Latin Small Letter D With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter E With Dot Above
ė Ḟ ḟ Ġ ġ Ḣ ḣ İ i Ṁ ṁ Ṅ ṅ
U+0117 U+1E1E U+1E1F U+0120 U+0121 U+1E22 U+1E23 U+0130 U+0069 ​ U+1E40 U+1E41 U+1E44 U+1E45
Latin Small Letter E With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter F With Dot Above Latin Small Letter F With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter G With Dot Above Latin Small Letter G With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter H With Dot Above Latin Small Letter H With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter I With Dot Above Latin Small Letter I Latin Capital Letter M With Dot Above Latin Small Letter M With Dot Above ​ Latin Capital Letter N With Dot Above Latin Small Letter N With Dot Above
Note: In most languages i is the lower case version of I, but in Turkish İ and i resp. I and ı go together. If Turkish case is used, you need to make sure that various software handles that correctly. For example dictionaries need to sort the letters in the right order.
Ȯ ȯ Ȱ ȱ Ṗ ṗ Ṙ ṙ Ṡ ṡ ẛ Ṥ ṥ
U+022E U+022F U+0230 U+0231 U+1E56 U+1E57 U+1E58 U+1E59 U+1E60 U+1E61 U+1E9B U+1E64 U+1E65
Latin Capital Letter O With Dot Above Latin Small Letter O With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter O With Dot Above And Macron Latin Small Letter O With Dot Above And Macron Latin Capital Letter P With Dot Above Latin Small Letter P With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter R With Dot Above Latin Small Letter R With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter S With Dot Above Latin Small Letter S With Dot Above Latin Small Letter Long S With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter S With Acute And Dot Above Latin Small Letter S With Acute And Dot Above
Ṧ ṧ Ṩ ṩ Ṫ ṫ Ẇ ẇ Ẋ ẋ Ẏ ẏ Ż
U+1E66 U+1E67 U+1E68 U+1E69 U+1E6A U+1E6B U+1E86 U+1E87 U+1E8A U+1E8B U+1E8E U+1E8F U+017B
Latin Capital Letter S With Caron And Dot Above Latin Small Letter S With Caron And Dot Above Latin Capital Letter S With Dot Below And Dot Above Latin Small Letter S With Dot Below And Dot Above Latin Capital Letter T With Dot Above Latin Small Letter T With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter W With Dot Above Latin Small Letter W With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter X With Dot Above Latin Small Letter X With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter Y With Dot Above Latin Small Letter Y With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter Z With Dot Above
ż
U+017C
Latin Small Letter Z With Dot Above

Dot Above in Natlangs

Uses of Dot Above
Use Language Letters Notes
Change of manner of articulation Irish Gaelic Ḃḃ /w~vˠ, vʲ/, Ċċ /x, ç, h/, Ḋḋ /ɣ, ∅, ʝ/, Ḟḟ /∅/, Ġġ /ɣ, ∅, ʝ/, Ṁṁ /w~vˠ, vʲ/, Ṗṗ /fˠ, fʲ/, Ṡṡ /h, ç/, Ṫṫ /h, ç, ∅/ The dot diacritic is no longer used, except in Insular script. Instead, in modern times, an Hh is placed after the given consonant.[2]
Change of place of articulation ISO 15919 romanization of Gurmukhī Ṁṁ /ŋ/ Ṁṁ is realized as [m] before certain consonants.[3]
Venda Ṅṅ /ŋ/ There is also a digraph Ṅw ṅw /ŋʷ/, but it is not considered a separate letter in the alphabet.[4]
Diphthong Kazakh (2021 alphabet) İi /əj/ See also Non-syllabic vowel further down in this table. Iı is used for /ɪ/.[5]
Fricative consonant Arabic (DIN 31635 romanization, ISO 233 romanization) Ġġ /ɣ/
Arabic (Hans Wehr romanization) ġ /ɣ~ɡ/ ġ was replaced by ḡ in the fourth edition of this romanization scheme.[6] The pronunciation of this letter varies depending on dialect.[7] Hans Wehr romanization does not include capital letters.[6]
Front version of back vowel Kazakh (Kazinform's romanization) İi /ɪ/ Iı stands for /ə/ which counts as a back vowel in Kazakh phonology.[5]
Turkish İi /i/ Iı stands for /ɯ/.
Monophthong Kazakh (2018 and 2019 alphabets) İi /ɪ/ Iı stands for /əj/ and /j/.[5]
Raised vowel Livonian Ȯȯ /ʊ/, Ȱȱ /ʊː/
Non-syllabic vowel Kazakh (2021 alphabet) İi /j/ See also Diphthong further up in this table. Iı is used for /ɪ/.[5]
Retroflex consonant Polish Dż dż /d͡ʐ/, Żż /ʐ/ These sounds are laminal postalveolar, rather than "true retroflex".[8]
Other ISO 15919 romanization of Indic scripts Ṁṁ, Ṅṅ Ṅṅ is used for transcribing the Indic diacritic anusvāra before velar consonants. Ṁṁ is used for a simplified romanization of anusvāra in all positions.[9]

Dot Above in Conlangs

Uses of Dot Above
Usage Language Creator Letters Notes
Stress Seebee Qwynegold ġ /ˈɡ/, ṗ /ˈp/ Normally a dot is placed below the first letter of a stressed syllable, but in the case of lower case g and p, it is placed above to avoid it being obscured by the descender.

See Also

References

  1. ↑ Dot (diacritic), Overdot at Wikipedia.
  2. ↑ Irish orthography, Diacritics at Wikipedia. The ins and outs of Irish orthography is more complex than presented here. See the aforementioned Wikipedia article for a fuller explanation.
  3. ↑ Gurmukhī alphabet, Nasalization: tippi and bindi at Wikipedia.
  4. ↑ Venda language, Writing system at Wikipedia.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Kazakh alphabets at Wikipedia. See also Kazakh language, Phonology on Wikipedia.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Hans Wehr transliteration at Wikipedia.
  7. ↑ Arabic alphabet, Table of basic letters at Wikipedia.
  8. ↑ Retroflex consonants, Types at Wikipedia.
  9. ↑ ISO 15919, Comparison with UNRSGN and IAST at Wikipedia.


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