User:Bukkia/sandboxVIII
- Main article: Βaβar
This page gives an extensive description of Βaβar syntactical features.
Main clause and word order
Βaβar is an almost strictly SOV (Subject-Object-Verb) language.
tɬʼīx xūɸɴ ɸaqurā sūɣ the man sees the dog
The case system, which clearly distinguishes between the subject and the direct object, allows every other possible word order to some extent, but most of them prove to be very marked and infrequently used. However, the direct object can be emphasized by placing it at the beginning of the sentence.
xūɸɴ tɬʼīx ɸaqurā sūɣ it's the dog the man sees
Le forme pronominali presentano, tuttavia, varianti di tipo enclitico suffissale, che spostano l’oggetto in posizione post-verbale. Considerando che il soggetto è stabilmente marcato dalla coniugazione verbale in forma suffissale, si può affermare che le forme pronominali enclitiche provochino l’emersione di un ordine VSO.
si mam ɸāquš (SOV) io ho visto te
six ɸāquš (SOV) io ti ho visto
ɸāqušəx (VSO) ti ho visto
The other elements in the sentence are usually placed in the order “time-cause-manner-place”, although they are basically freer than the main elements, as they are conveyed by the case system or by the prepositions. These elements can be emphasized by placing them at the beginning of the sentence. The indirect object tends to be placed after the direct object of the sentence.
