Natlang Uses of Diacritics in the Latin Alphabet
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This page will list different uses of diacritical marks that have natlang precedence. Conlangers can use this to find inspiration for their own conlang romanizations.
Note that in this article combining diacritics are attached to a ◌. Diacritics without a ◌, like ¨ for example, are non-combining. Non-combining diacritics are sometimes called modifier letters in Unicode. The non-combining forms may for example be used when writing about a conlang's orthography, when one wants to refer to a diacritic without using any base letter with it.
When a letter is referred to without concerning about case, it is displayed like so: Ťť. This is for clarity's sake because some diacritics may look different depending on the letter's case.
| Diacritic name | Other names | Character | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acute accent | ˊ | ||
| Acute accent below | ˏ | ||
| Bar | Stroke, horizontal bar, middle tilde | ◌̵ | Eth (Ðð) and capital African D (Ɖ) are listed here. See also stroke. |
| Breve | ˘ | ||
| Breve below | ◌̮ | ||
| Candrabindu | Chandrabindu, chandravindu, candravindu, chôndrobindu | ◌̐ | |
| Caron | Háček, haček | ˇ | |
| Cedilla | ¸ | Some of the letters included here have in practice comma below, but Şş and Ţţ are listed under comma below. | |
| Circumflex | ˆ | ||
| Circumflex below | ◌̭ | ||
| Comma above | ◌̓ | ||
| Comma above right | ◌̕ | ||
| Comma below | ◌̦ | This article includes Şş and Ţţ, but not other letters containing a comma looking diacritic. Instead, see cedilla. | |
| Descender | |||
| Diaeresis/umlaut | Tréma, trema | ¨ | |
| Diaeresis below | ◌̤ | ||
| Dot above | ˙ | ||
| Dot above right | ◌͘ | ||
| Dot below | Underdot | ◌̣ | |
| Double acute accent | Hungarumlaut | ˝ | |
| Double grave accent | ◌̏ | ||
| Double ring below | ◌͚ | ||
| Double vertical line above | ◌̎ | ||
| Grave accent | ˋ | ||
| Grave accent below | ˎ | ||
| Hook above | Dấu hỏi | ◌̉ | |
| Horn | Dấu móc | ◌̛ | |
| Inverted breve | Arch | ◌̑ | |
| Low line below | ◌̲ | This diacritic is very similar to macron below. | |
| Macron | ˉ | ||
| Macron below | ˍ | ||
| Middle dot | Interpunct, interpoint, centered dot, centred dot, space dot | · | |
| Ogonek | ˛ | ||
| Palatalized hook | ◌̡ | ||
| Retroflex hook | Hook, tail | ◌̢ | |
| Right half ring | ʾ | ||
| Ring above | ˚ | ||
| Ring below | ˳ | ||
| Stroke | Diagonal stroke, solidus, strikethrough | ◌̷ | Bar may also be called stroke. Eth (Ðð) is not listed here, but under bar. |
| Tilde | ˜ | ||
| Tilde below | ˷ | ||
| Tilde overlay | ◌̴ | ||
| Vertical line above | ˈ | ||
| Vertical line below | ˌ | ||
| Vertical tilde | ◌̾ |
