Dot Above

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The dot above diacritic is also known as overdot, or anusvāra in Indic context.[1]

Dot Above in Unicode

Characters with Dot Above
˙ ◌̇ Ȧ ȧ Ǡ ǡ Ċ ċ Ė
U+02D9 U+0307 U+0226 U+0227 U+01E0 U+01E1 U+1E02 U+1E03 U+010A U+010B U+1E0A U+1E0B U+0116
Dot Above Combining Dot Above Latin Capital Letter A With Dot Above Latin Small Letter A With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter A With Dot Above And Macron Latin Small Letter A With Dot Above And Macron Latin Capital Letter B With Dot Above Latin Small Letter B With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter C With Dot Above Latin Small Letter C With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter D With Dot Above Latin Small Letter D With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter E With Dot Above
ė Ġ ġ İ i
U+0117 U+1E1E U+1E1F U+0120 U+0121 U+1E22 U+1E23 U+0130 U+0069 ​ U+1E40 U+1E41 U+1E44 U+1E45
Latin Small Letter E With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter F With Dot Above Latin Small Letter F With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter G With Dot Above Latin Small Letter G With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter H With Dot Above Latin Small Letter H With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter I With Dot Above Latin Small Letter I Latin Capital Letter M With Dot Above Latin Small Letter M With Dot Above ​ Latin Capital Letter N With Dot Above Latin Small Letter N With Dot Above
Note: In most languages i is the lower case version of I, but in Turkish İ and i resp. I and ı go together. If Turkish case is used, you need to make sure that various software handles that correctly. For example dictionaries need to sort the letters in the right order.
Ȯ ȯ Ȱ ȱ
U+022E U+022F U+0230 U+0231 U+1E56 U+1E57 U+1E58 U+1E59 U+1E60 U+1E61 U+1E9B U+1E64 U+1E65
Latin Capital Letter O With Dot Above Latin Small Letter O With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter O With Dot Above And Macron Latin Small Letter O With Dot Above And Macron Latin Capital Letter P With Dot Above Latin Small Letter P With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter R With Dot Above Latin Small Letter R With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter S With Dot Above Latin Small Letter S With Dot Above Latin Small Letter Long S With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter S With Acute And Dot Above Latin Small Letter S With Acute And Dot Above
Ż
U+1E66 U+1E67 U+1E68 U+1E69 U+1E6A U+1E6B U+1E86 U+1E87 U+1E8A U+1E8B U+1E8E U+1E8F U+017B
Latin Capital Letter S With Caron And Dot Above Latin Small Letter S With Caron And Dot Above Latin Capital Letter S With Dot Below And Dot Above Latin Small Letter S With Dot Below And Dot Above Latin Capital Letter T With Dot Above Latin Small Letter T With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter W With Dot Above Latin Small Letter W With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter X With Dot Above Latin Small Letter X With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter Y With Dot Above Latin Small Letter Y With Dot Above Latin Capital Letter Z With Dot Above
ż
U+017C
Latin Small Letter Z With Dot Above

Dot Above in Natlangs

Uses of Dot Above
Use Language Letters Notes
Change of manner of articulation Irish Gaelic Ḃḃ /w~vˠ, vʲ/, Ċċ /x, ç, h/, Ḋḋ /ɣ, ∅, ʝ/, Ḟḟ /∅/, Ġġ /ɣ, ∅, ʝ/, Ṁṁ /w~vˠ, vʲ/, Ṗṗ /fˠ, fʲ/, Ṡṡ /h, ç/, Ṫṫ /h, ç, ∅/ The dot diacritic is no longer used, except in Insular script. Instead, in modern times, an Hh is placed after the given consonant.[2]
Change of place of articulation ISO 15919 romanization of Gurmukhī Ṁṁ /ŋ/ Ṁṁ is realized as [m] before certain consonants.[3]
Venda Ṅṅ /ŋ/ There is also a digraph Ṅw ṅw /ŋʷ/, but it is not considered a separate letter in the alphabet.[4]
Diphthong Kazakh (2021 alphabet) İi /əj/ See also Non-syllabic vowel further down in this table. Iı is used for /ɪ/.[5]
Fricative consonant Arabic (DIN 31635 romanization, ISO 233 romanization) Ġġ /ɣ/
Arabic (Hans Wehr romanization) ġ /ɣ~ɡ/ ġ was replaced by ḡ in the fourth edition of this romanization scheme.[6] The pronunciation of this letter varies depending on dialect.[7] Hans Wehr romanization does not include capital letters.[6]
Front version of back vowel Kazakh (Kazinform's romanization) İi /ɪ/ Iı stands for /ə/ which counts as a back vowel in Kazakh phonology.[5]
Turkish İi /i/ Iı stands for /ɯ/.
Monophthong Kazakh (2018 and 2019 alphabets) İi /ɪ/ Iı stands for /əj/ and /j/.[5]
Raised vowel Livonian Ȯȯ /ʊ/, Ȱȱ /ʊː/
Non-syllabic vowel Kazakh (2021 alphabet) İi /j/ See also Diphthong further up in this table. Iı is used for /ɪ/.[5]
Retroflex consonant Polish Dż dż /d͡ʐ/, Żż /ʐ/ These sounds are laminal postalveolar, rather than "true retroflex".[8]
Other ISO 15919 romanization of Indic scripts Ṁṁ, Ṅṅ Ṅṅ is used for transcribing the Indic diacritic anusvāra before velar consonants. Ṁṁ is used for a simplified romanization of anusvāra in all positions.[9]

Dot Above in Conlangs

Uses of Dot Above
Usage Language Creator Letters Notes
Stress Seebee Qwynegold ġ /ˈɡ/, ṗ /ˈp/ Normally a dot is placed below the first letter of a stressed syllable, but in the case of lower case g and p, it is placed above to avoid it being obscured by the descender.

See Also

References

  1. Dot (diacritic), Overdot at Wikipedia.
  2. Irish orthography, Diacritics at Wikipedia. The ins and outs of Irish orthography is more complex than presented here. See the aforementioned Wikipedia article for a fuller explanation.
  3. Gurmukhī alphabet, Nasalization: tippi and bindi at Wikipedia.
  4. Venda language, Writing system at Wikipedia.
  5. 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Kazakh alphabets at Wikipedia. See also Kazakh language, Phonology on Wikipedia.
  6. 6.0 6.1 Hans Wehr transliteration at Wikipedia.
  7. Arabic alphabet, Table of basic letters at Wikipedia.
  8. Retroflex consonants, Types at Wikipedia.
  9. ISO 15919, Comparison with UNRSGN and IAST at Wikipedia.