Háfrig

General information - Óroil śíre

Háfrig [IPA: ˈhaːfrig] (Háfrigerrak [ˈhaːfrigˌɛrːɒk] or HGE) is a constructed language created by Attila Répai in 2008. The word ’háfrigerrak’ means ’secret language’, as in the beginning it was used for making secret notes. Its grammar is based on Hungarian language and most of its words are ficticious. Some words derive from Turkish, Lithuanian, Faroese, Latin, Germanic and Celtic languages.

Grammar - Errakniff

Nouns and adjectives - Hênmisse he nilganmisse

Like Hungarian, HGE is an agglutinaing language. Nouns and adjectives can be in 18 cases either singular or in plural. Words does not have gender. Nouns can be divided into 5 groups:

• Nouns ending in a consonant (eg. hutt 'house')
• a-stem (eg. capta 'room')
• e-stem (eg. pikte 'bag')
• i-stem (eg. zülti 'thing')
• u-stem (eg. histu 'news')

Suffixes have two types:

• Suffixes starting with a vowel (abbreviation: AgP) (eg. -um, -áma)
• Suffixes starting with a consonant (EgP). These suffixes also have a linking vowel, which is to be used after a consonant. (eg. -(e)n, -(é)ti)

If you add an AgP suffix to a noun ending in a vowel, the original vowel at the end of the word disappears (eg. capta + -iri > capt- + -iri > captiri). If the final vowel and the suffix is the same, we write a long vowel instead of both (eg. histu + -u > histú). We don't use a linking vowel after words ending in an N, R or L (eg. veffel + -(i)s > veffels). The ending -S changes into a -Z (eg. katas + -um > katazum).

Case	Hungarian suffix	HGE suffix (singular)	Example	HGE suffix (plural)	Example
Nominative	-	-	hutt, capta	-e	hutte, capte
Accusative	-t	-um	huttum, captum	-u	huttu, captu
Genitive	-nak	-(i)s	huttis, captas	(i)sse	huttisse, captasse
Dative	-nak	-áj	huttáj, captáj	-o	hutto, capto
Instrumental-comitative	-val	-(e)n	hutten, captan	-(é)ne	hutténe, captáne
Causal-final	-ért	-ad	huttad, captad	-áde	huttáde, captáde
Translative	-vá	-uá	huttuá, captuá	-ué	huttué, captué
Terminative	-ig	-(é)ti	huttéti, captáti	-(é)te	huttéte, captáte
Essive-formal/modal	ként / ül	-oj	huttoj, captoj	-ówe	huttówe, captówe
Inessive	-ban	-io	huttio, captio	-eo	hutteo, capteo
Adessive	-nál	-ómo / -om	huttómo, captómo	-óme	huttóme, camtóme
Superessive	-on	-óro / -or	huttóro, captóro	-óre	huttóre, captóre
Elative	-ból	-i	hutti, capti	-ei	huttei, captei
Ablative	-tól	-ími / -im	huttími, captími	-íme	huttíme, captíme
Delative	-ról	-íri / -ir(i)	huttíri, captíri	-íre	huttíre, captíre
Illative	-ba	-a	hutta, captá	-ea	huttea, captea
Allative	-hoz	-áma / -am	huttáma, captáma	-áme	huttáme, captáme
Sublative	-ra	-ára / -ar	huttára, captára	-áre	huttáre, captáre

Verbs - Dífekke

Verbs have three forms: D1 for present, D2 for past and D3 for future. There are three tenses (present, past, future) and four moods (declarative, conditional, conjuntive, imperative). Past tense is formed with the suffix -ó and future tense is formed with the suffix -á added to the conjugated D1 form. As there are only verbs ending in a consonant, we can add the suffixes without any changes. When we use the imperative, we put the personal pronoun or its short form before the D1 form of the verb.

	Declarative	Conditional	Imperative 1 Conjunctive	Imperative 2
SG1	-e	-ive	-ez	-
SG2	-i	-ivi	-iz	ti-- / t'-
SG3a (general)	-	-iv	-oz	ho-- / h'-
SG3b (masculine)	-og	-ivog	-ox	hog--
SG3c (feminine)	-a	-iva	-az	hag--
PL1a (general)	-am	-ivam	-anz	ke-- / k'-
PL1b (SG1+SG2/PL2)	-em	-ivem	-enz	ken--
PL1c (SG1+SG3/PL3)	-um	-ivum	-unz	kun--
PL2	-in	-ivin	-inz	du-- / d'-
PL3	-est	-ivest	-edz	ve-- / v'-

The verb ren ('to be') is regular.

	Declarative			Conditional			Imperative 1 m. Conjunctive
	present	past	future	present	past	future	present	future
SG1	re	reó	reá	rive	riveó	riveá	rez	rezá
SG2	ri	rió	riá	rivi	rivió	riviá	riz	rizá
SG3a	ro	ró	rá	riv	rivó	rivá	roz	rozá
SG3b	rog	rogó	rogá	rivog	rivogó	rivogá	rox	roxá
SG3c	ra	ragó	ragá	riva	rivagó	rivagá	raz	razá
PL1a	ram	ramó	ramá	rivam	rivamó	rivamá	ranz	ranzá
PL1b	rem	remó	remá	rivem	rivemó	rivemá	renz	renzá
PL1c	rum	rumó	rumá	rivum	rivumó	rivumá	runz	runzá
PL2	rin	rinó	riná	rivin	rivinó	riviná	rinz	rinzá
PL3	rest	restó	restó	rivest	rivestó	rivestá	redz	redzá