Turan: Difference between revisions

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|no=13,500
|no=13,500
|script=[[Turan Alphabet]] (unique)
|script=[[Turan Alphabet]] (unique)
|tree=Turan
|tree=Þēo-Niraþi
&nbsp;&nbsp;Atto-Turiq <br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Turiq <br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'''East Turiq''' <br>
|morph=Inflecting
|morph=Inflecting
|ms=Nominative-Ergative
|ms=Ergative-absolutive
|wo=[[Subject Verb Object|SVO]]
|wo=[[Subject Verb Object|SVO]]
|creator=Navidel
|creator=Navidel
|date=June 13, 2007}}
|date=June 13, 2007}}
'''Turan''' is the language spoken by the Turans, a group of semi-nomadic peoples from the northeast of [[Aarð]]'s main continent who conquered the Kingdom of [[Arþon]] in [[Ðanmari Era|ÐE]] 1438. They now inhabit what is known as the [[Turan Khagnét]], which covers the area of Arþon, [[Gadón]], and part of [[Doria]].
'''Turan''' is the language spoken by the Turans, a group of semi-nomadic peoples from the northeast of [[Niraþ]] who conquered the Kingdom of [[Arþon]] in [[Ðanmari Era|ÐE]] 1438. They now inhabit what is known as the [[Turan Khagnét]], which covers the area of Arþon, [[Gadón]], and part of [[Doria]].


Turan is an ergative language, quite different from other Aarði languages. It has no fricatives or labials whatsoever, and is my first language to include glottal stops and trills. The orthography is given below.
Turan is an ergative language, quite different from Þēali languages like [[Aasti]] and [[Ðanmarc]]. It is most similar to the [[West Turiq]] language found on Niraþ. Turan has no fricatives or labials whatsoever, and is my first language to include glottal stops and trills. The orthography is given below.
=Script=
=Script=
==Vowels==
==Vowels==
Line 44: Line 47:
*Lg lg /ʟ/
*Lg lg /ʟ/
*Rr rr /r/
*Rr rr /r/
==Diacritics==
The letters with diacritics required for Turan are listed below, along with their functions.
*Áá, Éé, Íí, Óó, Úú, Ýý - Long Vowels
*Ğğ, Ññ, Řř - Unique Consonants
*Èè - Final only, a reminder that Turan final e is never silent
=Grammar=
==Pronouns==
Turan has a very complex system of pronouns. Here, possessive versions are shown in parentheses.
===First Person===
*'''ŋinè''' (ŋine'á) - 1p masculine singular; formal
*'''ŋy''' (ŋyn) - 1p masc. sing.; informal
*'''doŋu''' (doŋu'á) - 1p feminine singular; formal
*'''do''' (don) - 1p fem. sing.; informal
*'''ýrè''' (ýre'á) - 1p neutral gender singular; formal
*'''y''' (yn) - 1p n. sing.; informal
*'''qiŋta''' (qiŋta'á) - 1p plural; formal
*'''qy''' (qyn) - 1p pl.; informal
===Second Person===
*'''kohi''' (kohi'á) - 2p masculine singular; formal
*'''ko''' (kon) - 2p masc. sing.; informal
*'''darè''' (dare'á) - 2p feminine singular; formal
*'''dra''' (dran) - 2p fem. sing.; informal
*'''téli''' (téli'á) - 2p neutral gender singular; formal
*'''tè''' (ten) - 2p n. sing.; informal
*'''neŋar''' (neŋar'á) - 2p plural; formal
*'''nè''' (nen) - 2p plural; informal
===Third Person===
*'''atná''' (atná'á) - 3p masculine singular; formal
*'''na''' (nan) - 3p masc. sing.; informal
*'''adgý''' (adgý'á) - 3p feminine singular; formal
*'''gy''' (gyn) - 3p fem. sing.; informal
*'''doğat''' (doğat'á) - 3p neutral gender singular; formal
*'''do''' (don) - 3p n. sing.; informal
*'''qaŋ''' (qaŋ'á) - 3p inanimate singular; formal
*'''ky''' (kyn) - 3p i. sing.; informal
*'''ñady''' (ñady'á) - 3p animate plural; formal
*'''ña''' (ñan) - 3p a. pl.; informal
*'''qin''' (qin'á) - 3p inanimate plural; formal
*'''qa''' (qan) - 3p i. pl.; informal
==Nouns==
===Suffixes===
*''-dè'' - absolutive case suffix (singular)
*''-ri'' - ergative plural suffix
*''-rè'' - absolutive plural suffix
*''-lli'' - ergative possessive suffix
*''-llè'' - absolutive possessive suffix
*''-qi'' - ergative plural possessive suffix
*''-qè'' - absolutive plural possessive suffix
===List of common nouns===
See [[Turan/Lexicon/Nouns]]
==Verbs==
===Tenses and aspects===
'''Future perfective conjugations'''
*1ps: ''-qo''
*2ps: ''-qè''
*3ps: ''-qa''
*pl: ''-qy''
'''Future imperfective'''
*1ps: ''-llo''
*2ps: ''-llè''
*3ps: ''-lla''
*pl: ''-lly''
'''Present perfective'''
*1ps: ''-ğo''
*2ps: ''-ğè''
*3ps: ''-ğa''
*pl: ''-ğy''
'''Present imperfective'''
*1ps: ''-o''
*2ps: ''-è''
*3ps: ''-a''
*pl: ''-y''
'''Past perfective'''
*1ps: ''-řo''
*2ps: ''-řè''
*3ps: ''-řa''
*pl: ''-řy''
'''Past imperfective'''
*1ps: ''-u''
*2ps: ''-''Ø
*3ps: ''-''Ø
*pl: ''-i''
===''Ŋeq'' - To be===
The verb ''ŋeq'', meaning "to be" is irregular. Being that it is one of the most frequently used irregular verbs, its conjugations are listed below.<br>
'''Future perfective'''
*1ps: ŋeqo
*2ps: ŋeqè
*3ps: ŋeqa
*pl: ŋeqy
'''Future imperfective'''
*1ps: ŋeqllo
*2ps: ŋeqllè
*3ps: ŋeqlla
*pl: ŋeqlly
'''Present perfective'''
*1ps: keño
*2ps: qaqè
*3ps: tařki
*pl: oq
'''Present imperfective'''
*1ps: kè (polite form keqè)
*2ps: qaq (qaqill)
*3ps: ta (ta'y)
*pl: doq (doqa'íl)
'''Past perfective'''
*1ps: lgè (lgekal)
*2ps: lla (llaqè)
*3ps: ři (řiŋè)
*pl: rro (rrotu)
'''Past imperfective'''
*1ps: tjè (tjetal)
*2ps: dja (djateq)
*3ps: i (i'ári)
*pl: o (otoŋ)
===List of common verbs===
See [[Turan/Lexicon/Verbs]]
==Adjectives and adverbs==
==Postpositions==
Turan adpositions mostly consist of postpositions, with few prepositions and no circumpositions. The most frequent postpositions are listed below.
[[Category:Aarð]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]
[[Category:Þēo-Niraþi Languages]]

Latest revision as of 19:05, 5 January 2008


Turan
Pronounced: /'tuɹan/
Timeline and Universe: Aarð, all periods
Species: Human
Spoken: Turan Khagnét
Total speakers: 13,500
Writing system: Turan Alphabet (unique)
Genealogy: Þēo-Niraþi

  Atto-Turiq
    Turiq

      East Turiq
Typology
Morphological type: Inflecting
Morphosyntactic alignment: Ergative-absolutive
Basic word order: SVO
Credits
Creator: Navidel
Created: June 13, 2007

Turan is the language spoken by the Turans, a group of semi-nomadic peoples from the northeast of Niraþ who conquered the Kingdom of Arþon in ÐE 1438. They now inhabit what is known as the Turan Khagnét, which covers the area of Arþon, Gadón, and part of Doria.

Turan is an ergative language, quite different from Þēali languages like Aasti and Ðanmarc. It is most similar to the West Turiq language found on Niraþ. Turan has no fricatives or labials whatsoever, and is my first language to include glottal stops and trills. The orthography is given below.

Script

Vowels

  • A a /a/
  • E e /e/
  • I i /i/
  • O o /o/
  • U u /u/
  • Y y /ɨ/

Consonants

  • T t /t/
  • D d /d/
  • K k /k/
  • G g /g/
  • Q q /q/
  • Ğ ğ /ɢ/
  • R r /ɹ/
  • L l /l/
  • W w /ɰ/
  • N n /n/
  • Ŋ ŋ /ŋ/
  • J j /j/
  • Ñ ñ /ɲ/
  • Ř ř /ʀ/
  • ' ' /ʔ/
  • " " /ʕ/
  • Ll ll /ʎ/
  • Lg lg /ʟ/
  • Rr rr /r/

Diacritics

The letters with diacritics required for Turan are listed below, along with their functions.

  • Áá, Éé, Íí, Óó, Úú, Ýý - Long Vowels
  • Ğğ, Ññ, Řř - Unique Consonants
  • Èè - Final only, a reminder that Turan final e is never silent

Grammar

Pronouns

Turan has a very complex system of pronouns. Here, possessive versions are shown in parentheses.

First Person

  • ŋinè (ŋine'á) - 1p masculine singular; formal
  • ŋy (ŋyn) - 1p masc. sing.; informal
  • doŋu (doŋu'á) - 1p feminine singular; formal
  • do (don) - 1p fem. sing.; informal
  • ýrè (ýre'á) - 1p neutral gender singular; formal
  • y (yn) - 1p n. sing.; informal
  • qiŋta (qiŋta'á) - 1p plural; formal
  • qy (qyn) - 1p pl.; informal

Second Person

  • kohi (kohi'á) - 2p masculine singular; formal
  • ko (kon) - 2p masc. sing.; informal
  • darè (dare'á) - 2p feminine singular; formal
  • dra (dran) - 2p fem. sing.; informal
  • téli (téli'á) - 2p neutral gender singular; formal
  • tè (ten) - 2p n. sing.; informal
  • neŋar (neŋar'á) - 2p plural; formal
  • nè (nen) - 2p plural; informal

Third Person

  • atná (atná'á) - 3p masculine singular; formal
  • na (nan) - 3p masc. sing.; informal
  • adgý (adgý'á) - 3p feminine singular; formal
  • gy (gyn) - 3p fem. sing.; informal
  • doğat (doğat'á) - 3p neutral gender singular; formal
  • do (don) - 3p n. sing.; informal
  • qaŋ (qaŋ'á) - 3p inanimate singular; formal
  • ky (kyn) - 3p i. sing.; informal
  • ñady (ñady'á) - 3p animate plural; formal
  • ña (ñan) - 3p a. pl.; informal
  • qin (qin'á) - 3p inanimate plural; formal
  • qa (qan) - 3p i. pl.; informal

Nouns

Suffixes

  • -dè - absolutive case suffix (singular)
  • -ri - ergative plural suffix
  • -rè - absolutive plural suffix
  • -lli - ergative possessive suffix
  • -llè - absolutive possessive suffix
  • -qi - ergative plural possessive suffix
  • -qè - absolutive plural possessive suffix

List of common nouns

See Turan/Lexicon/Nouns

Verbs

Tenses and aspects

Future perfective conjugations

  • 1ps: -qo
  • 2ps: -qè
  • 3ps: -qa
  • pl: -qy

Future imperfective

  • 1ps: -llo
  • 2ps: -llè
  • 3ps: -lla
  • pl: -lly

Present perfective

  • 1ps: -ğo
  • 2ps: -ğè
  • 3ps: -ğa
  • pl: -ğy

Present imperfective

  • 1ps: -o
  • 2ps: -è
  • 3ps: -a
  • pl: -y

Past perfective

  • 1ps: -řo
  • 2ps: -řè
  • 3ps: -řa
  • pl: -řy

Past imperfective

  • 1ps: -u
  • 2ps: -Ø
  • 3ps: -Ø
  • pl: -i

Ŋeq - To be

The verb ŋeq, meaning "to be" is irregular. Being that it is one of the most frequently used irregular verbs, its conjugations are listed below.
Future perfective

  • 1ps: ŋeqo
  • 2ps: ŋeqè
  • 3ps: ŋeqa
  • pl: ŋeqy

Future imperfective

  • 1ps: ŋeqllo
  • 2ps: ŋeqllè
  • 3ps: ŋeqlla
  • pl: ŋeqlly

Present perfective

  • 1ps: keño
  • 2ps: qaqè
  • 3ps: tařki
  • pl: oq

Present imperfective

  • 1ps: kè (polite form keqè)
  • 2ps: qaq (qaqill)
  • 3ps: ta (ta'y)
  • pl: doq (doqa'íl)

Past perfective

  • 1ps: lgè (lgekal)
  • 2ps: lla (llaqè)
  • 3ps: ři (řiŋè)
  • pl: rro (rrotu)

Past imperfective

  • 1ps: tjè (tjetal)
  • 2ps: dja (djateq)
  • 3ps: i (i'ári)
  • pl: o (otoŋ)

List of common verbs

See Turan/Lexicon/Verbs

Adjectives and adverbs

Postpositions

Turan adpositions mostly consist of postpositions, with few prepositions and no circumpositions. The most frequent postpositions are listed below.

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