Turan
| Turan | |
|---|---|
| Pronounced: | /'tuɹan/ |
| Timeline and Universe: | Aarð, all periods |
| Species: | Human |
| Spoken: | Turan Khagnét |
| Total speakers: | 13,500 |
| Writing system: | Turan Alphabet (unique) |
| Genealogy: | Þēo-Niraþi
Atto-Turiq |
| Typology | |
| Morphological type: | Inflecting |
| Morphosyntactic alignment: | Ergative-absolutive |
| Basic word order: | SVO |
| Credits | |
| Creator: | Navidel |
| Created: | June 13, 2007 |
Turan is the language spoken by the Turans, a group of semi-nomadic peoples from the northeast of Niraþ who conquered the Kingdom of Arþon in ÐE 1438. They now inhabit what is known as the Turan Khagnét, which covers the area of Arþon, Gadón, and part of Doria.
Turan is an ergative language, quite different from Þēali languages like Aasti and Ðanmarc. It is most similar to the West Turiq language found on Niraþ. Turan has no fricatives or labials whatsoever, and is my first language to include glottal stops and trills. The orthography is given below.
Script
Vowels
- A a /a/
- E e /e/
- I i /i/
- O o /o/
- U u /u/
- Y y /ɨ/
Consonants
- T t /t/
- D d /d/
- K k /k/
- G g /g/
- Q q /q/
- Ğ ğ /ɢ/
- R r /ɹ/
- L l /l/
- W w /ɰ/
- N n /n/
- Ŋ ŋ /ŋ/
- J j /j/
- Ñ ñ /ɲ/
- Ř ř /ʀ/
- ' ' /ʔ/
- " " /ʕ/
- Ll ll /ʎ/
- Lg lg /ʟ/
- Rr rr /r/
Diacritics
The letters with diacritics required for Turan are listed below, along with their functions.
- Áá, Éé, Íí, Óó, Úú, Ýý - Long Vowels
- Ğğ, Ññ, Řř - Unique Consonants
- Èè - Final only, a reminder that Turan final e is never silent
Grammar
Pronouns
Turan has a very complex system of pronouns. Here, possessive versions are shown in parentheses.
First Person
- ŋinè (ŋine'á) - 1p masculine singular; formal
- ŋy (ŋyn) - 1p masc. sing.; informal
- doŋu (doŋu'á) - 1p feminine singular; formal
- do (don) - 1p fem. sing.; informal
- ýrè (ýre'á) - 1p neutral gender singular; formal
- y (yn) - 1p n. sing.; informal
- qiŋta (qiŋta'á) - 1p plural; formal
- qy (qyn) - 1p pl.; informal
Second Person
- kohi (kohi'á) - 2p masculine singular; formal
- ko (kon) - 2p masc. sing.; informal
- darè (dare'á) - 2p feminine singular; formal
- dra (dran) - 2p fem. sing.; informal
- téli (téli'á) - 2p neutral gender singular; formal
- tè (ten) - 2p n. sing.; informal
- neŋar (neŋar'á) - 2p plural; formal
- nè (nen) - 2p plural; informal
Third Person
- atná (atná'á) - 3p masculine singular; formal
- na (nan) - 3p masc. sing.; informal
- adgý (adgý'á) - 3p feminine singular; formal
- gy (gyn) - 3p fem. sing.; informal
- doğat (doğat'á) - 3p neutral gender singular; formal
- do (don) - 3p n. sing.; informal
- qaŋ (qaŋ'á) - 3p inanimate singular; formal
- ky (kyn) - 3p i. sing.; informal
- ñady (ñady'á) - 3p animate plural; formal
- ña (ñan) - 3p a. pl.; informal
- qin (qin'á) - 3p inanimate plural; formal
- qa (qan) - 3p i. pl.; informal
Nouns
Suffixes
- -dè - absolutive case suffix (singular)
- -ri - ergative plural suffix
- -rè - absolutive plural suffix
- -lli - ergative possessive suffix
- -llè - absolutive possessive suffix
- -qi - ergative plural possessive suffix
- -qè - absolutive plural possessive suffix
List of common nouns
Verbs
Tenses and aspects
Future perfective conjugations
- 1ps: -qo
- 2ps: -qè
- 3ps: -qa
- pl: -qy
Future imperfective
- 1ps: -llo
- 2ps: -llè
- 3ps: -lla
- pl: -lly
Present perfective
- 1ps: -ğo
- 2ps: -ğè
- 3ps: -ğa
- pl: -ğy
Present imperfective
- 1ps: -o
- 2ps: -è
- 3ps: -a
- pl: -y
Past perfective
- 1ps: -řo
- 2ps: -řè
- 3ps: -řa
- pl: -řy
Past imperfective
- 1ps: -u
- 2ps: -Ø
- 3ps: -Ø
- pl: -i
Ŋeq - To be
The verb ŋeq, meaning "to be" is irregular. Being that it is one of the most frequently used irregular verbs, its conjugations are listed below.
Future perfective
- 1ps: ŋeqo
- 2ps: ŋeqè
- 3ps: ŋeqa
- pl: ŋeqy
Future imperfective
- 1ps: ŋeqllo
- 2ps: ŋeqllè
- 3ps: ŋeqlla
- pl: ŋeqlly
Present perfective
- 1ps: keño
- 2ps: qaqè
- 3ps: tařki
- pl: oq
Present imperfective
- 1ps: kè (polite form keqè)
- 2ps: qaq (qaqill)
- 3ps: ta (ta'y)
- pl: doq (doqa'íl)
Past perfective
- 1ps: lgè (lgekal)
- 2ps: lla (llaqè)
- 3ps: ři (řiŋè)
- pl: rro (rrotu)
Past imperfective
- 1ps: tjè (tjetal)
- 2ps: dja (djateq)
- 3ps: i (i'ári)
- pl: o (otoŋ)
List of common verbs
Adjectives and adverbs
Postpositions
Turan adpositions mostly consist of postpositions, with few prepositions and no circumpositions. The most frequent postpositions are listed below.
