Macron Below

This diacritic can easily be confused with low line and double macron below. The difference compared to low line is that the low line is longer, and should result in a single long line when used on several consecutive characters, while characters with macron below should have small gaps between the macrons. The double macron below on the other hand has place for two characters above it. Precomposed characters with macron below have "line below" in their Unicode name, but it is in fact a macron below.

Macron Below in Unicode

Characters with Macron Below

ˍ

◌̱

Ḇ

ḇ

Ḏ

ḏ

ẖ

Ḵ

ḵ

Ḻ

ḻ

Ṉ

ṉ

U+02CD

U+0331

U+1E06

U+1E07

U+1E0E

U+1E0F

U+1E96

U+1E34

U+1E35

U+1E3A

U+1E3B

U+1E48

U+1E49

Modifier Letter Low Macron

Combining Macron Below

Latin Capital Letter B With Line Below

Latin Small Letter B With Line Below

Latin Capital Letter D With Line Below

Latin Small Letter D With Line Below

Latin Small Letter H With Line Below

Latin Capital Letter K With Line Below

Latin Small Letter K With Line Below

Latin Capital Letter L With Line Below

Latin Small Letter L With Line Below

Latin Capital Letter N With Line Below

Latin Small Letter N With Line Below

Ṟ

ṟ

Ṯ

ṯ

Ẕ

ẕ

U+1E5E

U+1E5F

U+1E6E

U+1E6F

U+1E94

U+1E95

Latin Capital Letter R With Line Below

Latin Small Letter R With Line Below

Latin Capital Letter T With Line Below

Latin Small Letter T With Line Below

Latin Capital Letter Z With Line Below

Latin Small Letter Z With Line Below

Macron Below in Natlangs

Uses of Macron Below

Usage	Language	Letters	Notes
Alphabet extension	Arabic (ISO 233 romanization, ISO/R 233 romanization)	H̱ẖ /x/	Note that H̱ is not a precomposed letter.
Alveolar consonant	Pashto (Yaqubi romanization)	Ṟṟ /r/	Unaccented Rr stands for /ɽ/.
Dental consonant	Pashto (Yaqubi romanization)	Ḏḏ /d/	Unaccented Dd stands for /ɖ/.
Disambiguation in transliteration	Amharic (BGN/PCGN 1967 transliteration)	H̱ẖ /h/	The Geʽez script has four types of characters all pronounced /h/ in Amharic due to sound mergers. These may be transliterated with Hh, Ḥḥ, Ḫḫ resp. H̱ẖ, though the diacritics may be dropped. Note that H̱ is not a precomposed letter.
	Darī (Yaqubi romanization)	H̱ẖ /h/, S̱s̱ /s/, Ṯṯ /t/, Ẕẕ /z/	Darī and Pashto use several Arabic characters that are pronounced the same. In the Yaqubi romanization (transliteration, to be more precise) Hh and H̱ẖ are both used for /h/; Ss, S̄s̄, S̱s̱ are all used for /s/; T̄t̄ and Ṯṯ are both used for /t/; and Zz, Z̄z̄, Ẕẕ, D͟z d͟z are all used for /z/. Note that H̱ and S̱s̱ are not precomposed letters.
	Pashto (Yaqubi romanization)
Fricative consonant	Arabic (DIN 31635 romanization, ISO 233 romanization, ISO/R 233 romanization)	Ḏḏ /ð/, Ṯṯ /θ/	There is also a Ḡḡ /ɣ~ɡ/ in ISO/R 233, using macron above, probably because it would not fit under lower case g.
	Arabic (Hans Wehr romanization)	ḏ /ð/, ḵ /x/, ṯ /θ/	ḵ replaced ḫ in the fourth edition of this transliteration scheme. Hans Wehr transliteration does not include capital letters. There is also a ḡ /ɣ~ɡ/, using macron above, probably because it would not fit under g.
Palatal or palatalized consonant	Ancient Egyptian (traditional transliteration)	Ḏḏ /tʲʼ/ or /t͡ʃʼ/, H̱ẖ /ç/, Ṯṯ /tʲ/ or /t͡ʃ/	The pronunciation of Ancient Egyptian changed much during the millennia it was spoken, and the exact pronunciation can't be known for sure, therefore the phonemic representation here might not be entirely accurate. Note that there is no precomposed form of uppercase H̱.
Pharyngeal consonant	Adyghe (BGN/PCGN 2012 romanization)	H̱ẖ /ħ/	Unaccented Hh does not occur on its own in the BGN/PCGN 2012 romanization, but it is used in several di- and trigraphs. (The source says to use H or h with U+0031, but this is a mistake because U+0031 is the digit 1. Combining macron below would be U+0331. It is not really necessary for ẖ though, since that exists as a precomposed character. Capital H̱ on the other hand is not precomposed.
Retroflex consonant	Pashto (BGN/PCGN 2007 romanization)	Ḏḏ /ɖ/, Ṉṉ /ɳ/, Ṟṟ /ɽ/, Ṯṯ /ʈ/	Unaccented Dd, Nn, Rr, Tt stand for respectively /d, n, r, t/.
	Pashto (Yaqubi romanization)	Ṉṉ /ɳ/, Š̱š̱ /ʂ/, Ẕ̌ẕ̌ /ʐ/	Nn, Šš and Žž without macron below stand for respectively /n, ʃ, ʒ/. Note that Š̱š̱ and Ẕ̌ẕ̌ are not precomposed characters.

See Also

• Natlang Uses of Diacritics in the Latin Alphabet
• Macron
• Low Line
• Double Macron Below
• Transliteration of Arabic (Pedersen, Thomas. 2008.) has a concise list of comparisons between DIN 31635, ISO 233, ISO/R 233, UNGEGN, ALA-LC, and The Encyclopedia of Islam romanizations of Arabic.