Dot Below: Difference between revisions
From FrathWiki
Jump to navigationJump to search
| Line 67: | Line 67: | ||
| Ṇṇ /ɳ/ | | Ṇṇ /ɳ/ | ||
| Ṇṇ is used for transcribing the Indic diacritic [[Wikipedia:Anusvara|anusvāra]] before retroflex consonants.<ref name=anusvara>[[Wikipedia:ISO_15919#Comparison_with_UNRSGN_and_IAST|ISO 15919, Comparison with UNRSGN and IAST]] at Wikipedia.</ref> | | Ṇṇ is used for transcribing the Indic diacritic [[Wikipedia:Anusvara|anusvāra]] before retroflex consonants.<ref name=anusvara>[[Wikipedia:ISO_15919#Comparison_with_UNRSGN_and_IAST|ISO 15919, Comparison with UNRSGN and IAST]] at Wikipedia.</ref> | ||
|} | |||
== Dot Below in Conlangs == | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+ Uses of Dot Below | |||
! Usage | |||
! Language | |||
! Letters | |||
! Notes | |||
|- | |||
| Absence of [[Wikipedia:Pitch_accent|pitch accent]] | |||
| [[Inng]] (external transcription) | |||
| [[User:Qwynegold|Qwynegold]] | |||
| Ạạ /a/, Ẹẹ /ə, i/, Ịị /i/, Ḷḷ /l̩/ Ṃṃ /ŋ̍/, Ṇṇ /ŋ̍/, Ọọ /o, ə, a/, Ụụ /u/ | |||
| The dot below marks an accentless syllable, where the beginning of the syllable has a set tone height which depends on the onset consonant, but where the tone height at the end of the syllable may vary. Some of these accented letters only appear as part of a digraph when representing a certain sound.<ref name=inng>[[Inng#Transcription|Inng, Transcription]] at FrathWiki.</ref> | |||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 08:03, 15 January 2015
The dot below is also known as underdot.
Dot Below in Unicode
| ◌̣ | Ạ | ạ | Ậ | ậ | Ặ | ặ | Ḅ | ḅ | Ḍ | ḍ | Ẹ | ẹ |
| U+0323 | U+1EA0 | U+1EA1 | U+1EAC | U+1EAD | U+1EB6 | U+1EB7 | U+1E04 | U+1E05 | U+1E0C | U+1E0D | U+1EB8 | U+1EB9 |
| Combining Dot Below | Latin Capital Letter A With Dot Below | Latin Small Letter A With Dot Below | Latin Capital Letter A With Circumflex And Dot Below | Latin Small Letter A With Circumflex And Dot Below | Latin Capital Letter A With Breve And Dot Below | Latin Small Letter A With Breve And Dot Below | Latin Capital Letter B With Dot Below | Latin Small Letter B With Dot Below | Latin Capital Letter D With Dot Below | Latin Small Letter D With Dot Below | Latin Capital Letter E With Dot Below | Latin Small Letter E With Dot Below |
| Ệ | ệ | Ḥ | ḥ | Ị | ị | Ḳ | ḳ | Ḷ | ḷ | Ḹ | ḹ | Ṃ |
| U+1EC6 | U+1EC7 | U+1E24 | U+1E25 | U+1ECA | U+1ECB | U+1E32 | U+1E33 | U+1E36 | U+1E37 | U+1E38 | U+1E39 | U+1E42 |
| Latin Capital Letter E With Circumflex And Dot Below | Latin Small Letter E With Circumflex And Dot Below | Latin Capital Letter H With Dot Below | Latin Small Letter H With Dot Below | Latin Capital Letter I With Dot Below | Latin Small Letter I With Dot Below | Latin Capital Letter K With Dot Below | Latin Small Letter K With Dot Below | Latin Capital Letter L With Dot Below | Latin Small Letter L With Dot Below | Latin Capital Letter L With Dot Below And Macron | Latin Small Letter L With Dot Below And Macron | Latin Capital Letter M With Dot Below |
| ṃ | Ṇ | ṇ | Ọ | ọ | Ộ | ộ | Ợ | ợ | Ṛ | ṛ | Ṝ | ṝ |
| U+1E43 | U+1E46 | U+1E47 | U+1ECC | U+1ECD | U+1ED8 | U+1ED9 | U+1EE2 | U+1EE3 | U+1E5A | U+1E5B | U+1E5C | U+1E5D |
| Latin Small Letter M With Dot Below | Latin Capital Letter N With Dot Below | Latin Small Letter N With Dot Below | Latin Capital Letter O With Dot Below | Latin Small Letter O With Dot Below | Latin Capital Letter O With Circumflex And Dot Below | Latin Small Letter O With Circumflex And Dot Below | Latin Capital Letter O With Horn And Dot Below | Latin Small Letter O With Horn And Dot Below | Latin Capital Letter R With Dot Below | Latin Small Letter R With Dot Below | Latin Capital Letter R With Dot Below And Macron | Latin Small Letter R With Dot Below And Macron |
| Ṣ | ṣ | Ṩ | ṩ | Ṭ | ṭ | Ụ | ụ | Ự | ự | Ṿ | ṿ | Ẉ |
| U+1E62 | U+1E63 | U+1E68 | U+1E69 | U+1E6C | U+1E6D | U+1EE4 | U+1EE5 | U+1EF0 | U+1EF1 | U+1E7E | U+1E7F | U+1E88 |
| Latin Capital Letter S With Dot Below | Latin Small Letter S With Dot Below | Latin Capital Letter S With Dot Below And Dot Above | Latin Small Letter S With Dot Below And Dot Above | Latin Capital Letter T With Dot Below | Latin Small Letter T With Dot Below | Latin Capital Letter U With Dot Below | Latin Small Letter U With Dot Below | Latin Capital Letter U With Horn And Dot Below | Latin Small Letter U With Horn And Dot Below | Latin Capital Letter V With Dot Below | Latin Small Letter V With Dot Below | Latin Capital Letter W With Dot Below |
| ẉ | Ỵ | ỵ | Ẓ | ẓ | ||||||||
| U+1E89 | U+1EF4 | U+1EF5 | U+1E92 | U+1E93 | ||||||||
| Latin Small Letter W With Dot Below | Latin Capital Letter Y With Dot Below | Latin Small Letter Y With Dot Below | Latin Capital Letter Z With Dot Below | Latin Small Letter Z With Dot Below |
Dot Below in Natlangs
| Usage | Language | Letters | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Creaky voice | Vietnamese | Ạạ /a̰ːʔ˨˩/, Ặặ /a̰ʔ˨˩/, Ậậ /ə̰ʔ˨˩/, Ẹẹ /ɛ̰ʔ˨˩/, Ệệ /ḛʔ˨˩/, Ịị /ḭʔ˨˩/, Ọọ /ɔ̰ʔ˨˩/, Ộộ /o̰ʔ˨˩/, Ợợ /ə̰ːʔ˨˩/, Ụụ /ṵʔ˨˩/, Ựự /ɨ̰ʔ˨˩/, Ỵỵ /ḭʔ˨˩/ | The dot below stands for low falling tone with creaky voice and a following glottal stop.[1] There are many exceptions to the phonemic values of these letters though.[2] |
| Lowered vowel with retracted tongue root | Yoruba (Crowther's alphabet) | Ẹẹ /ɛ̙/, Ọọ /ɔ̙/ | These letters were used in older forms of Yoruba orthography. See Vertical Line Below. |
| Raised vowel | Slovene (orthography with tonal accentuation) | Ẹẹ /e/, Ẹ́ẹ́ /éː/, Ẹ̀ẹ̀ /é/, Ẹ̏ẹ̏ /è/, Ẹ̑ẹ̑ or Ệệ /èː/, Ọọ /o/, Ọ́ọ́ /óː/, Ọ̀ọ̀ /ó/, Ọ̏ọ̏ /ò/, Ọ̑ọ̑ or Ộộ /òː/ | These letters are not used in the standard orthography of Slovene, but in language materials.[3] |
| Syllabic consonant | Heiltsuk-Oowekyala (Heiltsuk dialect, official orthography and Rath's orthography) | Ṃṃ /m̩/, Ṃ́ṃ́ /ḿ̩/, Ṃ̓ṃ̓ /m̩ˀ/, Ṇṇ /n̩/, Ṇ́ṇ́ /ń̩/, Ṇ̓ṇ̓ /n̩ˀ/, Ḷḷ /l̩/, Ḷ́ḷ́ /ĺ̩/, Ḷ̓ḷ̓ /l̩ˀ/ | |
| Other | ISO 15919 romanization of Indic scripts | Ṇṇ /ɳ/ | Ṇṇ is used for transcribing the Indic diacritic anusvāra before retroflex consonants.[4] |
Dot Below in Conlangs
| Usage | Language | Letters | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Absence of pitch accent | Inng (external transcription) | Qwynegold | Ạạ /a/, Ẹẹ /ə, i/, Ịị /i/, Ḷḷ /l̩/ Ṃṃ /ŋ̍/, Ṇṇ /ŋ̍/, Ọọ /o, ə, a/, Ụụ /u/ | The dot below marks an accentless syllable, where the beginning of the syllable has a set tone height which depends on the onset consonant, but where the tone height at the end of the syllable may vary. Some of these accented letters only appear as part of a digraph when representing a certain sound.[5] |
See Also
References
- ↑ Vietnamese language, Language variation, Tones at Wikipedia.
- ↑ Vietnamese alphabet, Pronunciation at Wikipedia.
- ↑ Slovene language, Prosody at Wikipedia.
- ↑ ISO 15919, Comparison with UNRSGN and IAST at Wikipedia.
- ↑ Inng, Transcription at FrathWiki.
