Latest revision as of 19:05, 5 January 2008

Turan
Pronounced:	/'tuɹan/
Timeline and Universe:	Aarð, all periods
Species:	Human
Spoken:	Turan Khagnét
Total speakers:	13,500
Writing system:	Turan Alphabet (unique)
Genealogy:	Þēo-Niraþi Atto-Turiq Turiq East Turiq
Typology
Morphological type:	Inflecting
Morphosyntactic alignment:	Ergative-absolutive
Basic word order:	SVO
Credits
Creator:	Navidel
Created:	June 13, 2007

Turan is the language spoken by the Turans, a group of semi-nomadic peoples from the northeast of Niraþ who conquered the Kingdom of Arþon in ÐE 1438. They now inhabit what is known as the Turan Khagnét, which covers the area of Arþon, Gadón, and part of Doria.

Turan is an ergative language, quite different from Þēali languages like Aasti and Ðanmarc. It is most similar to the West Turiq language found on Niraþ. Turan has no fricatives or labials whatsoever, and is my first language to include glottal stops and trills. The orthography is given below.

Script

Vowels

A a /a/
E e /e/
I i /i/
O o /o/
U u /u/
Y y /ɨ/

Consonants

T t /t/
D d /d/
K k /k/
G g /g/
Q q /q/
Ğ ğ /ɢ/
R r /ɹ/
L l /l/
W w /ɰ/
N n /n/
Ŋ ŋ /ŋ/
J j /j/
Ñ ñ /ɲ/
Ř ř /ʀ/

' ' /ʔ/
" " /ʕ/
Ll ll /ʎ/
Lg lg /ʟ/
Rr rr /r/

Diacritics

The letters with diacritics required for Turan are listed below, along with their functions.

Áá, Éé, Íí, Óó, Úú, Ýý - Long Vowels
Ğğ, Ññ, Řř - Unique Consonants
Èè - Final only, a reminder that Turan final e is never silent

Grammar

Pronouns

Turan has a very complex system of pronouns. Here, possessive versions are shown in parentheses.

First Person

ŋinè (ŋine'á) - 1p masculine singular; formal
ŋy (ŋyn) - 1p masc. sing.; informal
doŋu (doŋu'á) - 1p feminine singular; formal
do (don) - 1p fem. sing.; informal
ýrè (ýre'á) - 1p neutral gender singular; formal
y (yn) - 1p n. sing.; informal
qiŋta (qiŋta'á) - 1p plural; formal
qy (qyn) - 1p pl.; informal

Second Person

kohi (kohi'á) - 2p masculine singular; formal
ko (kon) - 2p masc. sing.; informal
darè (dare'á) - 2p feminine singular; formal
dra (dran) - 2p fem. sing.; informal
téli (téli'á) - 2p neutral gender singular; formal
tè (ten) - 2p n. sing.; informal
neŋar (neŋar'á) - 2p plural; formal
nè (nen) - 2p plural; informal

Third Person

atná (atná'á) - 3p masculine singular; formal
na (nan) - 3p masc. sing.; informal
adgý (adgý'á) - 3p feminine singular; formal
gy (gyn) - 3p fem. sing.; informal
doğat (doğat'á) - 3p neutral gender singular; formal
do (don) - 3p n. sing.; informal
qaŋ (qaŋ'á) - 3p inanimate singular; formal
ky (kyn) - 3p i. sing.; informal
ñady (ñady'á) - 3p animate plural; formal
ña (ñan) - 3p a. pl.; informal
qin (qin'á) - 3p inanimate plural; formal
qa (qan) - 3p i. pl.; informal

Nouns

Suffixes

-dè - absolutive case suffix (singular)
-ri - ergative plural suffix
-rè - absolutive plural suffix
-lli - ergative possessive suffix
-llè - absolutive possessive suffix
-qi - ergative plural possessive suffix
-qè - absolutive plural possessive suffix

List of common nouns

See Turan/Lexicon/Nouns

Verbs

Tenses and aspects

Future perfective conjugations

1ps: -qo
2ps: -qè
3ps: -qa
pl: -qy

Future imperfective

1ps: -llo
2ps: -llè
3ps: -lla
pl: -lly

Present perfective

1ps: -ğo
2ps: -ğè
3ps: -ğa
pl: -ğy

Present imperfective

1ps: -o
2ps: -è
3ps: -a
pl: -y

Past perfective

1ps: -řo
2ps: -řè
3ps: -řa
pl: -řy

Past imperfective

1ps: -u
2ps: -Ø
3ps: -Ø
pl: -i

Ŋeq - To be

The verb ŋeq, meaning "to be" is irregular. Being that it is one of the most frequently used irregular verbs, its conjugations are listed below.
Future perfective

1ps: ŋeqo
2ps: ŋeqè
3ps: ŋeqa
pl: ŋeqy

Future imperfective

1ps: ŋeqllo
2ps: ŋeqllè
3ps: ŋeqlla
pl: ŋeqlly

Present perfective

1ps: keño
2ps: qaqè
3ps: tařki
pl: oq

Present imperfective

1ps: kè (polite form keqè)
2ps: qaq (qaqill)
3ps: ta (ta'y)
pl: doq (doqa'íl)

Past perfective

1ps: lgè (lgekal)
2ps: lla (llaqè)
3ps: ři (řiŋè)
pl: rro (rrotu)

Past imperfective

1ps: tjè (tjetal)
2ps: dja (djateq)
3ps: i (i'ári)
pl: o (otoŋ)

List of common verbs

See Turan/Lexicon/Verbs

Adjectives and adverbs

Postpositions

Turan adpositions mostly consist of postpositions, with few prepositions and no circumpositions. The most frequent postpositions are listed below.

@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 |no=13,500
 |script=[[Turan Alphabet]] (unique)
-|tree=Turan
+|tree=Þēo-Niraþi
+&nbsp;&nbsp;Atto-Turiq <br>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Turiq <br>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'''East Turiq''' <br>
 |morph=Inflecting
 |ms=Ergative-absolutive
@@ Line 12: / Line 15: @@
 |creator=Navidel
 |date=June 13, 2007}}
-'''Turan''' is the language spoken by the Turans, a group of semi-nomadic peoples from the northeast of [[Aarð]]'s main continent who conquered the Kingdom of [[Arþon]] in [[Ðanmari Era|ÐE]] 1438. They now inhabit what is known as the [[Turan Khagnét]], which covers the area of Arþon, [[Gadón]], and part of [[Doria]].
+'''Turan''' is the language spoken by the Turans, a group of semi-nomadic peoples from the northeast of [[Niraþ]] who conquered the Kingdom of [[Arþon]] in [[Ðanmari Era|ÐE]] 1438. They now inhabit what is known as the [[Turan Khagnét]], which covers the area of Arþon, [[Gadón]], and part of [[Doria]].
-Turan is an ergative language, quite different from other Aarði languages. It has no fricatives or labials whatsoever, and is my first language to include glottal stops and trills. The orthography is given below.
+Turan is an ergative language, quite different from Þēali languages like [[Aasti]] and [[Ðanmarc]]. It is most similar to the [[West Turiq]] language found on Niraþ. Turan has no fricatives or labials whatsoever, and is my first language to include glottal stops and trills. The orthography is given below.
 =Script=
 ==Vowels==
@@ Line 84: / Line 87: @@
 *'''qa''' (qan) - 3p i. pl.; informal
 ==Nouns==
-This section so far consists mainly of a list of suffixes.
+===Suffixes===
 *''-dè'' - absolutive case suffix (singular)
 *''-ri'' - ergative plural suffix
@@ Line 92: / Line 95: @@
 *''-qi'' - ergative plural possessive suffix
 *''-qè'' - absolutive plural possessive suffix
+===List of common nouns===
+See [[Turan/Lexicon/Nouns]]
+==Verbs==
+===Tenses and aspects===
+'''Future perfective conjugations'''
+*1ps: ''-qo''
+*2ps: ''-qè''
+*3ps: ''-qa''
+*pl: ''-qy''
+'''Future imperfective'''
+*1ps: ''-llo''
+*2ps: ''-llè''
+*3ps: ''-lla''
+*pl: ''-lly''
+'''Present perfective'''
+*1ps: ''-ğo''
+*2ps: ''-ğè''
+*3ps: ''-ğa''
+*pl: ''-ğy''
+'''Present imperfective'''
+*1ps: ''-o''
+*2ps: ''-è''
+*3ps: ''-a''
+*pl: ''-y''
+'''Past perfective'''
+*1ps: ''-řo''
+*2ps: ''-řè''
+*3ps: ''-řa''
+*pl: ''-řy''
+'''Past imperfective'''
+*1ps: ''-u''
+*2ps: ''-''Ø
+*3ps: ''-''Ø
+*pl: ''-i''
+===''Ŋeq'' - To be===
+The verb ''ŋeq'', meaning "to be" is irregular. Being that it is one of the most frequently used irregular verbs, its conjugations are listed below.<br>
+'''Future perfective'''
+*1ps: ŋeqo
+*2ps: ŋeqè
+*3ps: ŋeqa
+*pl: ŋeqy
+'''Future imperfective'''
+*1ps: ŋeqllo
+*2ps: ŋeqllè
+*3ps: ŋeqlla
+*pl: ŋeqlly
+'''Present perfective'''
+*1ps: keño
+*2ps: qaqè
+*3ps: tařki
+*pl: oq
+'''Present imperfective'''
+*1ps: kè (polite form keqè)
+*2ps: qaq (qaqill)
+*3ps: ta (ta'y)
+*pl: doq (doqa'íl)
+'''Past perfective'''
+*1ps: lgè (lgekal)
+*2ps: lla (llaqè)
+*3ps: ři (řiŋè)
+*pl: rro (rrotu)
+'''Past imperfective'''
+*1ps: tjè (tjetal)
+*2ps: dja (djateq)
+*3ps: i (i'ári)
+*pl: o (otoŋ)
+===List of common verbs===
+See [[Turan/Lexicon/Verbs]]
+==Adjectives and adverbs==
+==Postpositions==
+Turan adpositions mostly consist of postpositions, with few prepositions and no circumpositions. The most frequent postpositions are listed below.
+[[Category:Aarð]]
+[[Category:Conlangs]]
+[[Category:Þēo-Niraþi Languages]]

Turan: Difference between revisions