Conlang Relay 12/Toma Heylm
Details for the Toma Heylm text of Conlang Relay 12.
The text
akot edra ey anyelis tamya.
syin rigyana seta tomil "lhi delye sa testdre!".
syin kusot seta tomil "anya, file! lo sokril simelal! eff tisanot kipayu nes oleye efim. lo delye silkot oriya syin simelalu."
syin rigyana seta tomil "lhi delye sa testdre!".
syin kipa seta tomil "eff tisanyik dampeyu edra".
syin rigyana seta tomil "aa?".
syin anya seta tomil "ure?".
syin kusot seta tomil "lo delye mi kakrot lek. lo sokril filet. file!"
syin rigyana seta tomil "lhi delye sa testdre!".
syin kipa seta tomil "eff sokryok sipoyu, lir syim delye mi marelis".
syin anya seta tamot "sem seta tomyok!".
syin kipa seta tomil "haya efim, lo delye datil lek tef operu yiv "Cunux", tal sem ey sureli".
syin anya seta tomil "ure dava keryik? eff seta sipil fhasayu tamamelis".
syin kusot seta tomil "eff kardot kastet hiya biliyu".
syin kipa seta tomil "tarya eff delye elyik dodeyi, eff delye kupra, lir Petra delye haldyik operu efim. eff sokryok bolgeyu lir syin sipetu, rel eff delye sipyok lek rumiyu".
syin rigyana seta tomil "lo delye mi tulyik lek yiv kuyon la yumela".
syin kipa seta tomil "eff sokryok topayu mini fhasa seta fharot dolva okostel."
syin rigyana seta tomil "lhi delye sa testdre!".
elyi seta peyrai yumola kareli "syin kipa seta tomil 'edra seta todat rigeli'".
Interlinear
akot edra ey anyelis tamya. N.f ADJ COP ADJ.f ADV
syin rigyana seta tomil "lhi delye sa testdre!". ART N.f MOD V.f 3.p MOD MOD V.pl
syin kusot seta tomil "anya, file! lo sokril simelal! eff tisanot kipayu ART N.f MOD V.f N.f V.imp 2.s V.f V.inf 1.s V.f N.f.ACC nes oleye efim. lo delye silkot oriya syin simelalu." PREP INST.N.? 1.s.GEN 2.s MOD V.f ADV ART V.inf.ACC
syin rigyana seta tomil "lhi delye sa testdre!". ART N.f MOD V.f 3.p MOD MOD V.pl
syin kipa seta tomil "eff tisanyik dampeyu edra". ART N.f MOD V.f 1.s V.m N.m.ACC ADJ
syin rigyana seta tomil "aa?". ART N.f MOD V.f INTERJ
syin anya seta tomil "ure?". ART N.f MOD V.f N.m
syin kusot seta tomil "lo delye mi kakrot lek. lo sokril filet. file!" ART N.f MOD V.f 2.s MOD MOD V.f ADV 2.s V.f V.inf V.imp
syin rigyana seta tomil "lhi delye sa testdre!". ART N.f MOD V.f 2.p MOD MOD V.pl
syin kipa seta tomil "eff sokryok sipoyu, lir syim delye mi marelis". ART N.f MOD V.f 1.s V.m N.f.ACC CONJ ART MOD MOD ADJ.f
syin anya seta tamot "sem seta tomyok!". ART N.f MOD V.f 3.s.m MOD V.m
syin kipa seta tomil "haya efim, lo delye datil lek tef operu yiv ART N.f MOD V.f N.f 1.s.GEN 2.s MOD V.f ADV 1.s.DAT N.m.ACC PREP "Cunux", tal sem ey sureli". name CONJ 3.s.m COP ADJ.m
syin anya seta tomil "ure dava keryik? eff seta sipil fhasayu tamamelis". ART N.f MOD V.f N.m MOD V.m 1.s MOD V.f N.f.ACC ADJ.f
syin kusot seta tomil "eff kardot kastet hiya biliyu". ART N.f MOD V.f 1.s V.f V.inf ADV N..m.ACC
syin kipa seta tomil "tarya eff delye elyik dodeyi, eff delye kupra, lir Petra ART N.f MOD V.f ADV 1.s MOD V.m ADJ.m 1.s MOD N.m CONJ name delye haldyik operu efim. eff sokryok bolgeyu lir syin sipetu, rel eff MOD V.m N.m.ACC 1.s.GEN 1.s V.m N.m.ACC CONJ ART V.inf.ACC CONJ 1.s delye sipyok lek rumiyu". MOD V.m ADV N.m.ACC
syin rigyana seta tomil "lo delye mi tulyik lek yiv kuyon la yumela". ART N.f MOD V.f 2.s MOD MOD V.m ADV PREP N.f PREP LOC.N.f
syin kipa seta tomil "eff sokryok minu topa fhasayi seta fharot dolva ART N.f MOD V.f 1.s V.m REL.ACC N.f N.f.GEN MOD V.f NUM okostel." INST.N.f
syin rigyana seta tomil "lhi delye sa testdre!". ART N.f MOD V.f 3.p MOD MOD V.pl
elyi seta peyrai yumola kareli "syin kipa seta tomil 'edra seta todat 3.p MOD V.pl LOC.N.m ADJ.m ART N.f MOD V.f ADJ MOD N.m rigeli'". ADJ.m
Vocabulary
aa? an exclamation of surprise akot n. story (f) anya n. woman (f) anyeli adj. marvelous bili n. umbilical cord (m) bolge n. monster, demon (m) Cunux a foreign name dampe n. world (m) datet v. to give dava imperfective modal delye irrealis/future modal dodeyi adj. dead dolva numeral eight edra adj. this eff pron. 1st person sing. nom. efim pron. 1st person sing. gen. elal v. to become elyi pron. 3rd person pl. nom. ey copula (v. to be) fharal v. to ripen, to ferment fhasa n. wine (f) filet v. to push haldal v. to honor haya n. mother (f) hiya adv. now kakral v. to fear kardal v. to be able kareli adj. next, following kastet v. to cut keral v. to happen, take place kipa n. baby (f) kostel n. month (f) kupra n. military general (m) kusot n. midwife (f) kuyon n. fish (f) la prep. on; takes locative lek adv. not leye n. eye (m) lhi pron. 2nd person pl. nom. lir conj. and lo pron. 2nd person sing. nom. mareli adj. sturdy, well-made mela n. dock (f) mi delye mi: should min relative particle; see grammar notes mola n. day (m) nes prep. with; takes instrumental oriya adv. soon oper n. name (m) Petra Peter peyet v. to write rel conj. but rigeli adj. sacred rigyana n. priestess, wisewoman (f) rumi n. milk (m) sa delye sa: optative mood sem pron. 3rd person sing. nom. (m) seta past-tense modal silkal v. to complete simelal v. to give birth sipo n. blanket (f) sipet v. to drink sokret v. to need sureli adj. ordinary, common syim pron. 3rd person sing. nom. (f) syin definite article tal conj. for, because tamal v. to shout, to scream words tamameli adj. too much tamya adv. much, very tarya adv. when tef pron. 1st person sing. dative testyal v. to hope. Plural form testdre. tisanal v. to see todat n. gift (m) tomet v. to say, to speak topa n. cup (f) tulal v. to flop about ure n. what (m) yiv prep. like
Grammar Notes
I hope I didn't leave any words or affixes out! If I did they may be in the glossary linked from Grammar of Toma Heylm.
Grammar notes (longer version with charts at the above URL):
Word order is SVO.
Articles, number and prepositions precede nouns, and adjectives follow them. Nouns have gender, but it is not marked on the nouns; it is marked on the adjectives that modify them and the verbs for which they are the subject.
Nouns inflect for case, of which there are seven (nominative, accusative,
genitive, dative, instrumental, locative, causative). Inflection is by a
mix of prefixes and suffixes according to the following chart:
Nominative [none] shadow - edior world - dampe
Accusative -u, -yu edioru dampeyu
Genitive -i, -yi ediori dampeyi
Dative a-, ay- ayedior adampe
Instrumental o-, oy- oyedior odampe
Locative uy-, yu- uyedior yudampe
Causative hi-, iy- iyedior hidampe
Pronouns inflect irregularly for case and are given in their inflected forms in the vocabulary.
Adjectives follow the noun and agree with it in gender (if singular) or number (if plural). In the singular, no suffix indicates a male noun, and -s indicates a female noun. -d indicates a plural noun.
Adjectives can modify a noun or be the object of the copula.
Verbs come in two flavors, -et and -al. In this dialect, there is an
imperative form created by dropping the final consonant. Verbs decline
for gender and/or number as follows (chart best viewed in non-proportional
font):
Verbs in -al Verbs in -et
infinitive to see - tisanal to go - dimitet
imperative tisana! dimite!
male tisanyik dimityok
female tisanot dimitil
plural tisandre dimitrai
Modals precede verbs, and adverbs follow them. Verbs conjugate for gender or number of the subject (gender if singular, number if plural). Tense, mood, and aspect are indicated by the modals. Verbs in the infinitive can follow the conjugated verb to modify it.
The modal verb system is based on the three-part Creole system:
* seta indicates past tense.
* delye indicates irrealis mode, and has its own auxiliary particles
to indicate certain moods; it is used for future events, probable,
potential, wished-for, hypothetical, conditional, and
"coulda/shoulda/woulda" constructions.
* dava indicates imperfective aspect, including progressive,
iterative, and habitual aspects.
The modals always appear in the order "seta delye dava". No modals
indicates non-past indicative, aka the simple present. All three
modals would indicate "would have been doing", or "was about to be
doing", or "intended to be doing"...
The copula, ey, disappears in the presence of modals. Therefore, modals without a verb after them should be considered a form of the copula. Since the copula is considered naturally imperfective, dava is not used with it.
Adverbs usually end in "ya". Some adverbs have comparative and superlative forms, which are listed in the vocabulary where appropriate.
Verb phrases can be nominalized by putting the definite article "syin" before the verb, which then takes noun case marking. The former object of the verb takes genitive case.
When quoting speech, the speech verb will agree in gender with the noun
used as the subject. If that is different from the speaker's natural
gender, then any "I-sentences" within the quoted speech will be at variance
with the artificial gender of the speech verb.
For example, if quoting a female farmer, one would write:
Syin pason seta tomyok, "Eff delye tandot dereval tam herimu".
ART N.m MOD V.m 1s MOD V.f V.inf PL N-ACC
The farmer did say(male), "I will make(female) to bloom the flowers".
The particle "sil" begins nominal clauses such as "that the flowers are red".
Relative clauses are a different matter. Toma Heylm has internally
headed relative clauses. This is very different from the way which
English does things. For example:
I see the woman
eff tisanot syin anya-yu
I(NOM) see(f) the woman-ACC
The woman gives a book to the man
syin anya datil mind-u syin ay-alam
the woman(NOM) give(f) book-ACC the DAT-man
I see the woman who gives a book to the man
eff tisanot [min-u syin anya datil mind-u syin ay-alam]
I(NOM) see(f) [REL_ACC the woman(NOM) give(f) book-ACC the DAT-man]
I see the man to whom the woman gives a book
eff tisanot [syin anya datil mind-u min-u syin ay-alam]
I(NOM) see(f) [the woman(NOM) give(f) book-ACC REL-ACC the DAT-man]
I see the book which the woman gives to the man
eff tisanot [syin anya datil min-u mind-u syin ay-alam]
I(NOM) see(f) [the woman(NOM) give(f) REL_ACC book-ACC the DAT-man]
The woman who gives the book to the man sees me
[min syin anya datil mind-u syin ay-alam] tisanot lifa
[REL the woman(NOM) give(f) book-ACC the DAT-man] see(f) me(ACC)
The man to whom the woman gives a book sees me
[syin anya datil mind-u min syin ay-alam] tisanyik lifa
[the woman(ACC) give(f) book-ACC REL the DAT-man] see(m) me(ACC)
The book which the woman gives to the man is about me
[syin anya datil min mind-u syin ay-alam] sayok lifa
[the woman(NOM) give(f) REL book-ACC the DAT-man] be.about(m) me(ACC)
I give the book the woman saw to the man
eff datil [syin anya seta tisanot min-u syin mind-u] syin ay-alam
I(NOM) give(f) [the woman(NOM) did see(f) REL-ACC the book-ACC] the DAT-man
I give the book to the man the woman saw
eff datil syin mindu [syin anya seta tisanot a-min syin alam-u]
I(NOM) give(f) the book-ACC [the woman(NOM) did see(f) DAT-REL the man-ACC]
The relativizer min comes directly before the internal head noun of the
relative clause. It gets the case marking that the head noun would have
had in the OUTER sentence; the head noun retains the case marking that it
gets in the INNER sentence. (Backwards of the way Russian does it.)
Charts of verb conjugations, noun declensions, and the pronoun matrix can be seen at Grammar of Toma Heylm.
Smooth Translation
This story is very marvelous.
The priestess said, "May you hope!"
The midwife said, "Woman, push! You need to give birth! I see the baby with my eyes. You will soon complete the birth."
The priestess said, "May you hope!"
The baby said, "I see this world."
The priestess said, "Huh?"
The woman said, "What?"
The midwife said "You should not fear. You need to push. Push!"
The priestess said, "May you hope!"
The baby said, "I need a blanket, and it should be well-made."
The woman shouted, "He spoke!"
The baby said, "My mother, you will not give me a name like 'Cunux', because it is ordinary."
The woman said, "What is happening? I have drunk too much wine."
The midwife said, "Now I am able to cut the umbilical cord."
The baby said, "When I should die [lit: become dead], I would be a military general, and Peter will honor my name. I need a monster and a drink, but I won't drink milk."
The priestess said, "You should not flop about like a fish on the dock."
The baby said, "I need a cup of wine that has fermented eight months."
The priestess said, "May you hope!"
They wrote the next day, "The baby said 'This was a sacred gift'."
Back to Conlang Relay 12
