User:Bukkia/sandboxVIII

Alphabet and phonology

Small letter

a

ä

b

c

ć

d

đ

e

ë

f

g

ģ

h

i

j

k

l

m

n

o

ö

p

q

r

ŕ

s

ś

t

ţ

u

ü

v

w

x

y

z

ź

IPA value

[a]

[æ]

[b]

[ʧ]

[ç]

[d]

[ð]

[e]

[ə]

[f]

[g]

[ɣ]

[h]

[i]

[j]

[k]

[l]

[m]

[n]

[o]

[œ]

[p]

[q]

[r]

[ʀ]

[s]

[ʃ]

[t]

[ʦ]

[u]

[y]

[v]

[w]

[x]

[ɨ]

[z]

[ʒ]

Pronouns

Personal pronouns

Personal pronouns have oblique forms, remnants of the former case system. The oblique forms are used as objects and with every preposition.

Person	Nominative	Oblique	Possessive ending
1st sing.	ajo	ajn	-j/-(i)m
2nd sing.	rej	irn	-(i)r
3rd sing.	hin/ho	uhn/ho	-(i)h
1st plur.	sed	esd	-(i)s
2nd plur.	rad	urd	-(i)rd
3rd plur.	hol	hle	-(i)hl

Verb

verb đremil, to sell, verb klukul, to break

Indicative

Momentaneous present

The momentaneous present point to an action/state which exists or is running in the moment of talking. It does not point to an action/state which usually repeats more that once.

Person	1st declension	2nd declension
1st sing.	jođremu	jokloku
2nd sing.	jađremu	jäkloku
3rd sing.	jađrimu	jäkluku
1st plur.	đremum	klokum
2nd plur.	đremuź	klokuź
3rd plur.	jeđrimul	jëklukul

Continous present

(+m/n)

Person	1st declension	2nd declension
1st sing.	jomđremu	jomkloku
2nd sing.	jamđremu	jämkloku
3rd sing.	jamđrimu	jämkluku
1st plur.	đremnum	klokmum
2nd plur.	đremnuź	klokmuź
3rd plur.	jemđrimul	jëmklukul

Perfect past

Person	1st declension	2nd declension
1st sing.	đeremo	koloko
2nd sing.	đeremi	koloki
3rd sing.	đirem	kulok
1st plur.	đirmom	kulkom
2nd plur.	đermoź	kolkoź
3rd plur.	điremol	kulokol

Continuos past

(+m/n)

Person	1st declension	2nd declension
1st sing.	đermemo	kolmoko
2nd sing.	đermemi	kolmoki
3rd sing.	đirmem	kulmok
1st plur.	đirmnom	kulkmom
2nd plur.	đermnoź	kolkmoź
3rd plur.	đirmemol	kulmokol

Resultative past

Person	1st declension	2nd declension
1st sing.	öđremo	ökloko
2nd sing.	öđremi	ökloki
3rd sing.	öđirem	ökulok
1st plur.	üđirmëm	ükulkëm
2nd plur.	üđermëź	ükolkëź
3rd plur.	öđiremol	ökulokol

Plusquamperfect past

Person	1st declension	2nd declension
1st sing.	vëđeremu	vëkoloku
2nd sing.	vëđeremi	vëkoloki
3rd sing.	vëđerem	vëkolok
1st plur.	vëđirmom	vëkulkom
2nd plur.	vëđermoź	vëkolkoź
3rd plur.	vëđiremul	vëkulokul

Future

Person	1st declension	2nd declension
1st sing.	pëđermu	pëkolku
2nd sing.	pëđermo	pëkolko
3rd sing.	pëđirmu	pëkulku
1st plur.	pëđirmom	pëkulkom
2nd plur.	pëđirmoź	pëkolkoź
3rd plur.	pëđirmul	pëkulkul

Future in the past

Person	1st declension	2nd declension
1st sing.	pođeremu	pokoloku
2nd sing.	pođeremi	pokoloki
3rd sing.	pođerem	pokolok
1st plur.	pođirmom	pokulkom
2nd plur.	pođermoź	pokolkoź
3rd plur.	pođiremul	pokulokul

Subjunctive

Present

Person	1st declension	2nd declension
1st sing.	juđremu	jükläku
2nd sing.	jëđramu	jyklëku
3rd sing.	jëđrëmu	jyklëku
1st plur.	đramom	kläkum
2nd plur.	đramoź	kläkuź
3rd plur.	jađrëmul	jüklëkul

Past

Person	1st declension	2nd declension
1st sing.	vëđaremo	vëkaloko
2nd sing.	vëđaremi	vëkaloki
3rd sing.	vëđärim	vëkaluk
1st plur.	vëđärmom	vëkalkom
2nd plur.	vëđarmoź	vëkalkoź
3rd plur.	vëđärimul	vëkalukul

Future

Person	1st declension	2nd declension
1st sing.	pëđarmu	pëkalku
2nd sing.	pëđarmo	pëkalko
3rd sing.	pëđärmu	pëkälku
1st plur.	pëđärmom	pëkälkom
2nd plur.	pëđärmoź	pëkälkoź
3rd plur.	pëđärmul	pëkälkul

Conditional

Present

Person	1st declension	2nd declension
1st sing.	jiđrimu	jikliku
2nd sing.	jëđrimu	jykliku
3rd sing.	jëđrymu	jyklyku
1st plur.	đrimom	klikum
2nd plur.	đrimoź	klikuź
3rd plur.	jyđrymul	jyklykul

Past

Person	1st declension	2nd declension
1st sing.	vëđiremo	vëkiloko
2nd sing.	vëđiremi	vëkiloki
3rd sing.	vëđirim	vëkiluk
1st plur.	vëđirmom	vëkilkom
2nd plur.	vëđirmoź	vëkilkoź
3rd plur.	vëđirimul	vëkilukul

Future

Person	1st declension	2nd declension
1st sing.	pëđirmu	pëkilku
2nd sing.	pëđirmo	pëkilko
3rd sing.	pëđyrmu	pëkylku
1st plur.	pëđyrmom	pëkylkom
2nd plur.	pëđyrmoź	pëkylkoź
3rd plur.	pëđyrmul	pëkylkul

Optative

Person	1st declension	2nd declension
1st sing.	đjerëmu	kjolöku
2nd sing.	đjerëmi	kjolöki
3rd sing.	đjërim	kjoluk
1st plur.	đjërmum	kjölkum
2nd plur.	đjermuź	kjolkuź
3rd plur.	đjëremul	kjölokul

Renarrative

Perfect

(+l/r and vowel changing)

Person	1st declension	2nd declension
1st sing.	đelrëma	kurlëka
2nd sing.	đelrëme	kurlëke
3rd sing.	đëlrema	kürleka
1st plur.	đlërmam	klülkam
2nd plur.	đlermaź	klulkaź
3rd plur.	đelremal	kurlëkal

Imperfect/Continuous

Person	1st declension	2nd declension
1st sing.	đlermëma	klulmëka
2nd sing.	đlermëme	klulmëke
3rd sing.	đlërmam	klülmal
1st plur.	đlërmnam	klülkmam
2nd plur.	đlermnaź	klulkmaź
3rd plur.	đlermënal	klulmëkal

Resultative

Person	1st declension	2nd declension
1st sing.	śuđlërëma	śuklëkëka
2nd sing.	śođlërëme	śoklëlëke
3rd sing.	śođlërena	śoklëleka
1st plur.	śuđlërmam	śuklëlkam
2nd plur.	śođlërmaź	śoklëlkaź
3rd plur.	śëđlërmal	śëklëlkal

Imperative

Person	1st declension	2nd declension
1st sing.	-	-
2nd sing.	đerem	kolok
3rd sing.	-	-
1st plur.	đremem	klokom
2nd plur.	đremeź	klokoź
3rd plur.	-	-

Participles

Active

Present	Past	Future
đromiś	vëđrëmuś	pëđromiś
klokoś	vëklëkuś	pëklokoś

Passive

Present	Past	Future
đurumun	vëđurëmun	pëđurumun
kulükun	vëkülëkun	pëkulükun

Lexicon

• root: potr making
  • pteril: to do, to make
• root: corp construction
  • crupul: to build
  • ocörpum: building
  • cërmepek: construction
  • tacrupul: rebuild