Nodrostic
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Nodrostaj
Phonology & Orthography
Consonants
Bilabial | Labiodental | Dental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plosive | /p b/ p b | /t d/ t d | /k g/ c g | /q ɢ/ c g | /ʔ/ x | ||||
Affricate | /ts/ ç | /tʃ/ ḉ | |||||||
Nasal | /m/ m | /n/ n | /ŋ/ ng | /ɴ/ ng | |||||
Trill | /r/ r | ||||||||
Fricative | /f/ f | /θ/ z | /s/ s | /ʃ/ ś | /x/ k | /χ/ k | /h/ h | ||
Lateral Fricative | /ɮ/ l | ||||||||
Approximant | /ʋ/ v | /j/ j |
- /p t k q/ are realized as [p̚ t̚ k̚ q̚] word finally
- /b d g ɢ/ are realized as [β ð ɣ ʁ] after a vowel and before another vowel, a sibilant, or a liquid
- /k ɡ ŋ x/ and /q ɢ ɴ χ/ are in complementary distribution with the former occurring in a syllable containing front vowels and the former occurring in a syllable containing back vowels
- /hm hn hŋ hɴ hr hɮ/ are realized as [m̥ n̥ ŋ̥ ɴ̥ r̥ ɬ]
- /r ɮ/ are realized as [r̥ ɬ] word finally
Vowels
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | /i y/ i y | /u/ u | |
Close-Mid | /e ø / e ø | /o/ o | |
Open | /a/ a |
- when unstressed, vowels are lightly raised
- long vowels are represented by doubling the vowel
Vowel Harmony
Front | e | ø | y |
---|---|---|---|
Back | a | o | u |
Neutral | i |
Stress
Stress normally falls on the first syllable of a word. However, there is irregular stress. This is denoted by an acute accent on that specific syllable's vowel to show the irregularity.