User:Masako/pataka

Particles / Articles

ke - definite article / topic marker / accusative particle (non-obligatory, used for specificity)
kya - jussive particle (placed before the phrase)
ya - vocative particle (placed before the noun being addressed)

Pronouns

	Nominative	Accusative	Possessive	Reflexive	Reciprocal
1s	na	ena	nayo	na'i
2s	ta	eta	tayo	ta'i
3s	ha	eha	hayo	ha'i
4s	tla	etla	tlayo	tla'i
1p	nam	enam	namyo	nami	nanku
1p (EXCL)	na'am	ena'am	na'amyo	na'ami	na'anku
2p	tam	etam	tamyo	tami	tanku
3p	kam	ekam	kamyo	kami	kanku
4p	tlam	etlam	tlamyo	tlami	tlanku

Other pronouns

itla - this (here)
uatla - that (there)

Correlatives

	query	this	that	some	none	any	every	whichever
adjective	ka	itla	uatla	iha	ak	ula	kua	ote
person	ko...ka	iko	uako	ihako	hok	kola	kohua	oteko
thing	no...ka	itla	uatla	ihano	nok	nola	nokua	oteno
time	ama/tsima...ka	ima	uama	ihama	amak	amala	kuama	otema
place	mo...ka	hina	uana	ihamo	mok	mola	mokua	otemo
way	to...ka	yoto	uato	ihato	tok	tola	tokua	oheto
amount	ku/o...ka	iku	uaku	ihaku	huk/ok	kula	hukua/okua	oteku
reason	nye...ka	inye	uanye	ihanye	nyek	ulanye	nyekua	otenye
kind	su...ka	isu	uasu	ihasu	suk	sula	sukua	otesu

Conjunctions

ma - and, also, as well
hema...ma - both...and...
ua - or, other, either
uak - nor, neither
ehe - but, however
iya - if, whether
ke / uama - then
nye - because, in order that, so that
nke - and though; although; even though

Affirmation and Negation

uala - actually, indeed / verily, truly
tokua - by all means
tok - by no means
a - yes / certainly, evidently, of course
ak - no, not
eya - perhaps, maybe, possibly
apa - probably

Verbs

basic

a - to be, exist
munta - become, change, alter
muya - cause to, make, do
myonta - let, allow, permit to
heta - must, should, need to
ueha - want to, intend to
pala - can, could, am able to

simple movement

sapua - arrive
tala - come (back), return
yala - depart, leave, go, walk
eka - enter, come/go in
yese - exit, come/go out
itola - fall, drop
olo - fly, move through air
tapya - follow, continue, go on
topu - jump
hoya - raise, rise, lift
tlani - roll, revole
hatsu - run
sima - sit, recline, rest
tsamu - stand, be upright, rise to one's feet
uku - stop, wait
saka - swim, move through water

change

weather

tonya - freeze, solidify
pana - rain, moisten, humidify
nyahi - snow [white]
sama - shine [sun, solar]

biological actions

nasa - be born
sinu - die
inu - drink
ina - eat
anu - hear, listen
asa - live
heta - need
anya - see, look
moku - sleep
taki - taste, like, enjoy
yanta - waken, awaken

Food

Fruits

omena - apple
melonka - apricot
kilatsi - cherry
hasukanu - date, fig
punka - fruit
enapa - grapes
ntimu - lemon
sokuya - lime
kapunu - melon
setona - olive
tsunkua - orange
takolo - peach
nasi - pear
matsatli - pineapple
etlika - plum
malina - raspberry
yakota - (straw)berry

Vegetables

kusupu - artichoke
asino - asparagus
tlopya - bean
tohi - cabbage / broccoli / cauliflower
ha'utsu - carrot
apyoma - celery
suani - chives
o'i - cucumber
nopilo - garlic
hyantso - herbs
etesa - lentil
tletsuka - lettuce
hakuni - mint
kopa - mushroom
kasuma - onion
metanoso - parsley
uansu - pea
ahiya - potato
kapotsa - pumpkin
tlapanu - radish
nyokutsu - sage
teleta - spinach
sitomatla - tomato
salatsa - turnip
napaka - grain
sayeli - barley
kanka - maize, corn
yolapu - oats
nyoma - rice
sikali - rye
mpoka - vegetable
kenime - wheat

Meals

inama - meal, dinner
sopane - breakfast
tetsuna - lunch
esa - supper
ina - food
kinuahu - dessert
sunalo - salad
ketosa - soup
matla - stew

Meats

x - meat
x - bacon
x - beef
x - chicken
x - cut
x - fat
x - mutton
x - pork
x - rib
x - roast
x - sausage
x - steak

Other Foods

x - biscuit
x - bread
x - cake
x - flour
x - roll
x - butter
x - cheese
x - cream
x - egg
x - omelet
x - honey
x - jam
x - mustard
x - oil
x - pepper
x - salt
x - sauce
x - sugar
x - vinegar

Beverages

x - beverage
x - alcohol
x - beer
x - brandy
x - coffee
x - milk
x - soda water
x - tea
x - wine

The Table

x - cup
x - glass
x - plate, dish
x - saucer
x - platter
x - fork
x - knife
x - spoon
x - napkin
x - tablecloth

The Kitchen

x - basin, bowl
x - bottle
x - coffee pot
x - frying pan
x - jug
x - kettle
x - lid
x - pot
x - saucepan, pan
x - scale, measure
x - teapot

Drink

inu - drink
inupan - drinkable
kaua - coffee
tsai - tea
hali - milk
maya - water
ka'asu - juice

Kinship terms

Direct

otahaka - great-grandfather
onahaka - great-grandmother
otaha - grandfather / great-uncle
onaha - grandmother / great-aunt
ota - father / uncle
ona - mother / aunt
otaua - brother / cousin
onaua - sister / cousin
ota’i - son / nephew
ona’i - daughter / niece
ota’iha - grandson
ona’iha - granddaughter

Indirect

tla’ota husband
tla’ona wife
po’ota father-in-law
po’ona mother-in-law
po’ona’i daughter-in-law
po’otaua brother-in-law
po’onaua sister-in-law
tla'ota’i - stepson
tla'ona’i - stepdaughter

Numbers

Cardinal

e'o - zero / nothing
na'o - one
ta'o - two
ha'o - three
ma'o - four
ya'o - five
tsa'o - six
ka'o - seven
pa'o - eight
sa'o - nine
ue'o - ten
nye'o - 10^2
tle'o - 10^3
mue'o - 10^4
kye'o - 10^5
nte'o - 10^6

Higher Numbers

uena'o - eleven / 11

taue'o - twenty / 20

nyeka'o - one hundred seven / 107

hanyetauetsa'o (long form) | hatatsa'o (short form) - three hundred twenty six / 326

tsatletauema'o - six thousand and twenty four / 6024

Ordinals, Negatives, Fractions etc.

ki- - ordinal prefix

Example : kisa'o - ninth (in a sequence)

Example : kiyanyepa'o - 508^th

ti- - multiple prefix

Example : tisa'o - nine times

Example : tiyanyepa'o - 508 times

i- - fractional prefix

Example : isa'o - a ninth, 1/9

Example : iha'o te pa'o - three eighths, 3/8 [lit: a third of eight]

-k - negative/subtractive suffix

Example : sa'ok - negative nine (-9)

Example : ue'o ma sa'ok na'o a - 10 and -9 is 1

Time

Days of the Week

The Kala week begins on Thursday.

nayoma - Thursday
tayoma - Friday
yomha - Saturday
mayoma - Sunday
yomya - Monday
tsayoma - Tuesday
kayoma - Wednesday

Calendar

The Kala calendar is modeled after the Baha'i Calendar.

A chart of the Kala sayoma.

Based on this calendar, Cinco de Mayo would be yoma pa'o te sayo ha'o, or Day 8 of Month 3.

The correlating vocabulary to the Gregorian calendar differs.

No.	English	Kala
1	January	na'oku
2	February	ta'oku
3	March	ha'oku
4	April	ma'oku
5	May	ya'oku
6	June	tsa'oku
7	July	ka'oku
8	August	pa'oku
9	September	sa'oku
10	October	ue'oku
11	November	uenaku
12	December	uetaku

Colors

akai - red
otliyo - orange
yana - yellow
kuya - green
tsuku - blue
tlaku - indigo, violet, purple
nyahi - white, pale
oya - black, dark
yehi - clear

Toponyms

apika - Africa

yatsa'ila - Algeria - tsayela - Algers
ankola - Angola - tlo'anta - Luanda
penina - Benin - hokupono - Porto Novo

antakutika - Antarctica

atsa - Asia

osutaliya - Australia

yolopa - Europe

amelika kita - North Amerika

kanata - Canada - otaua - Ottawa
kupa - Cuba - hauana - Havana
hanya te tolom (Nation of States) - USA - uasiton - Washington DC

amelika mina - South Amerika