User:Aquatiki/Sandbox

Phonology

Consonants

	Labial	Dental	Central	Sibilant	Lateral	Palatal	Velar	Glotal
Plain	/p/	/t͡θ/ tþ	/t/	/t͡s/ ts	/t͡ɬ/ tł	/t͡ʃ/ tc	/k/
Ejective	/p'/	/t͡θ'/ tþ'	/t'/	/t͡s'/ ts'	/t͡ɬ'/ tł'	/t͡ʃ/ tc'	/k'/	/ʔ/ '
Voiced						/d͡ʒ/ j	/g/
Fricative	/ɸ/ f	/θ/ þ		/s/	/ɬ/ ł	/ʃ/ c	/x/	/h/
Sonorant	/m/		/n/		/l/	/j/ y	/ŋ/ /w/

"Vowels"

	Oral	Nasal	Sonorant	Sibilant	Fricative
Near-High	/ɪ/ i	/õ/ o	/ŋ̊/ ŋr	/ʃ/ cr	/ɸ/ fr
Mid	/ǝ/ e	/ǝ̃/ u	/n̊/ nr	/ɬ/ łr	/θ/ þr
Low	/ä/ a	/ã/ æ	/m̊/ mr	/s/ sr	/x/ xr

Verb Slots

Verbs are built according to a template. The optional first slot is to make it a comment, not a main clause

1. VAC - Valency Altering Complex
2. EAF - Epistemic-Affective Framing
3. Mood
4. Tense
5. Aspect
6. subject/object class
7. incorporated noun
8. person
9. adverbial
10. root

Slot 0

This prefix turns a finite verb into a circumstantial clause, effectively making it non-finite.

Name	Sound	Translations	Notes
Simultaneous	fu-	while, during, as	can also mean "at the same place"
Purpose	łæ-	in order to, for the sake of, to, for	can be irrealis, as in intended consequence
Comparative	kxrc-	like, as, -ly	for an alike-manner or a metaphor/simile
Causal	t'mr-	since, from, because of	specifies the origin or source
Concessive	tþ'a-	even though, despite, although	contrary, adversative
Neutral	xwe-	-ing	does not specify the relationship beyond circumstances-to-comment

VAC

The Valency-Alteration Complex (VAC). One is required each time

Name	Effect	Sound	Notes
Transitive		he-	Normal conjugation for two-argument verbs
Intransitive		cli-	Normal conjugation for one-argument verbs
Causative	+1 agent	ŋi-	Promotes external causer to subject, causee to object, old patient to oblique
Reflex/Recip	-1 patient	tł'æ-	agent=patient
Antipassive	-1 patient	cłr-	patient is backgrounded
Passive	-1 agent	mŋr-	agent suppressed
Benefactive	+1 patient	ło-	promotes goal/recipient
Locative	+1 patient	xþr-	promotes location
Instr/Comit.	+1 patient	ce-	Adds means or accompanier
Genitive	+1 patient	k'e-	Adds alienable possessor

EAF

Epistemic-Affective Framing is about attitude or stance: how the speaker is positioned—emotionally, epistemically, experientially—toward the event. One is required per verb.

Name	Sound	Glosses	Notes
Surprise	-tþu-	"I didn't expect that"	often unpleasant but not necessarily so
Dislike	-xo-	"I dislike that"	Always strongly negative
Love	le-	"I am glad that"	Always strongly positive
Direct	-ck'æ-	"I experienced that"	strict for personal, sensory phenomenon
Hearsay	-tþi-	"It was told to me that"	read, heard, reported information
Inferential	-pcr-	"I assume that"	assumptions, logically inferred

Mode

1. Imperfective - ongoing, incomplete
2. Perfective - done, complete
3. Progressive - changing, evolving
4. Subjunctive - likely but not real, command, conditional
5. Optative - unlikely and not real, wishes, hypothetical

Tense

1. Present - now
2. Hodiernal - today
3. Past - before today
4. Future - after today
5. Gnomic - timeless

Aspect

1. Momentane - of an instant
2. Continuative - no clear boundaries
3. Conative - attempt
4. Semelfactive - one time unit in a sequence, once
5. Stative - enduring, condition, identity