Proto-Seiquian

Proto-Carpathinian is the reconstructed ancestor of the Carpathinian languages, estimated to have been spoken around 4000 BC. It has been conjectured that this was the language of the Sredny Stog culture before these people merged with the Khvalynsk culture forming the Yamnaya culture and shifted to the latter's language, Proto-Indo-European. This, however, remains speculative.

Phonology

Consonants

Proto-Carpathinian has a rich consonant inventory.

			Labial	Coronal	Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Glottal
Stops	Unaspirated	Voiceless	*p	*t	*c	*k
		Voiced	*b	*d	*j	*g
	Aspirated	Voiceless	*ph	*th	*ch	*kh
		Voiced	*bh	*dh	*jh	*gh
Fricatives		Voiceless		*s			*x	*h
Nasals			*m	*n
Liquids				*l *r
Semivowels			*w		*y

All consonants except the labials can also be labialized; such consonants are marked with °; e.g. *t° or *g°h.

The aspirated stops are not preserved in any Carpathinian language as such; they merged with the unaspirated stops in the western branch and became fricatives in the eastern branch.

Vowels

Proto-Caparthinian is reconstructed with five vowels.

	Front	Central	Back
Close	*i		*u
Mid	*e		*o
Open		*a

In addition, nasals and liquids can form syllable nuclei.

Morphology

Proto-Carpathinian is reconstructed as an agglutinating, head-final accusative language.

Nouns

Nouns in Proto-Carpathinian are classified in two genders: masculine and feminine. They are inflected for two numbers (singular and plural) and six cases (nominative, accusative, genitive, dative, instrumental, locative).

Sample paradigm (*kharpi 'human'):

	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*kharpi	*kharpin
Accusative	*kharpit	*kharpint
Genitive	*kharpim	*kharpinam
Dative	*kharpida	*kharpinda
Instrumental	*kharpisti	*kharpinsti
Locative	*kharpina	*kharpinna

Adjectives

(to be done)

Pronouns

(to be done)

Verbs

(to be done)

Syntax

(to be done)