Ilya
- See also: Ilya dictionary
- See also: Ilya phrases
introduction
Ilya is an artlang designed for aesthetic reasons. It borrows heavily (if not exclusively) from Arabic, Basque, Japanese, Quechua, Spanish, and Turkish.
sounds
| Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Labiovelar | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosives | p b | t d | k g | ʔ (q) | ||
| Nasals | m | n | ||||
| Fricatives | s | ʃ (sh) | ||||
| Approximants | l | j (y) | w | h | ||
| Trill | r |
Note: The glottal stop /ʔ/ q, is used as a "buffer" to keep vowels apart when adding suffixes.
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i~ɪ | u~ʊ | |
| Mid | e~ɛ | o | |
| Open | a~ə |
nouns
number
Nouns are commonly preceded by determiners. Plural nouns are formed by appending -im. Dual nouns are formed by appending -ik. Trial nouns are formed by appending -ur. This does not alter the stress:
gender
case
nominative
The basic form of each noun, and the one cited in dictionaries, is the nominative singular. All the other forms can be derived from it.
oblique
- -o / -wa
- beto - the house, to the house, etc.
genitive
The genitive for possessors (the horse's hay), composition (a meal of hay), and partiality (the horse ate some hay).
- -ai / -ya
- munwa betai - the door of the house
locative
The locative case is used for:
- location (muhitush 'in the ocean'; toshida 'in the city')
- placement in time (gesheda 'at night'; puyush 'in the winter')
- -(u)sh / -da
- betush - in, at, on the house
instrumental
The instrumental expresses what an action is performed with. An important use of the instrumental is as an adverbial, since Ilya lacks a morphological adverb.
- -ak / -ha
- betak - using; with the house
degree
pronouns
| nominative | accusative | genitive | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1s | -an | eyan | nai |
| 2s | -ti / -e | eti / eye | tiya |
| 3s | -u / -a | eya | ai |
| 1p | -uk | eyuk | kai |
| 2p | -ut | eyut | tai |
| 3p | -um | eyum | mai |
case
demonstrative
prepositions
adjectives
comparison
numbers
| Ilya | number | English | Ilya | number | English | Ilya | number | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| nul | 0 | zero | sha | 6 | six | kishada | 500 | five hundred |
| wa | 1 | one | seb | 7 | seven | hesha | 103 | (one) thousand |
| ni | 2 | two | oka | 8 | eight | dahesh | 104 | ten thousand |
| ush | 3 | three | nen | 9 | nine | sadahesh | 105 | (one) hundred thousand |
| ha | 4 | four | da | 10 | ten | |||
| kish | 5 | five | sada | 100 | (one) hundred |
ordinal
questions
verbs
Verbs are the workhorses of Ilya. They can mark for both agent and patient as well as tense. Many simple sentences are composed of only a verb. Generally, verb roots start and end with a consonant.
tense
Non-past is not marked. Past tense is marked with -esh, and remote with -ur.
- mashan - walk-1SG - I walk. / I am walking.
- masheshuk - walk-PST-1PL - We walked.
- mashuru - walk-REM-3SG - She (has already) walked.
