Solaric

Solaric Slayegbyegn
Spoken in:	North America c. AD 4000
Timeline/Universe:	TaylorS's Eridanian Universe
Total speakers:	Approx. 200 million
Genealogical classification:	Indo-European Germanic West Germanic Anglic American Solaric
Basic word order:	SVO
Morphological type:	Agglutinating, Polysynthetic
Morphosyntactic alignment:	Nominative-Accusative
Created by:
Taylor Selseth	2010-

Solaric is an Anglic Language spoken predominantly in North America, centered along the middle and upper Mississippi River valley, the Ohio and Missouri River valleys, the American High Plains, the central Rockies, Pittsburgh, and the central Atlantic coast from Washington to New York. Solaric dialects are also spoken in many orbital colonies and on Luna.

Phonology

Syllable structure is (F|L|N)(C)(C)(F|L|N)(w|y)V(C)(C)

Every polysyllabic word is mildly stressed on the second syllable. There is a simple lexical tone system; a short vowel can have a rising, falling, or neutral tone; a long vowel or diphthong can have a rising-falling, falling-rising, or neutral tone.

Consonants

	Labial	Labio-Dental	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Plosives, lenis	p b		t d ts dz	ʧ j	k g
Plosives, fortis	pʰ p		tʰ t tsʰ ts	ʧʰ c	kʰ k
Nasals, voiced	m m		n n
Nasals, unvoiced	m̥ mh		n̥ nh
Fricatives, unvoiced		f f	s s	ʃ sh		h h
Fricatives, voiced		v v	z z	ʒ zh	ɣ r
Laterals			ɫ l ɬˠ lh
Trills			r rr
Semivowels	w w			j y ɥ yw

Among plosives, only lenis plosives occur in the syllable coda. /r/ is realized as a flap intervocalically. /n/ assimilates to the point of articulation of a following consonant. /ɣ/ devoices when following a fortis stop. Voiced non-plosive consonants voice lenis plosives. fortis plosives de-voice voiced non-plosive consonants. lenis plosives are voiced intervocalically.

Vowels

Oral Short

	Front	Front Rounded	Central	Back	Diphthongs
High	i i	y ü		u u
Mid-High	e e	ø ö		o o
Mid-Low	ɛ è			ɔ ò	ɛu eu ɔi oi
Low			a a

Oral Long

	Front	Front Rounded	Central	Back
High	iː ii	yː üü		uːː uu
Mid	eː ee			oː oo
Low			aː aa

Nasal

	Front	Front Rounded	Central	Back	Diphthongs
Mid-High	e eng	ø öng		o ong
Mid-Low	ɛ èng			ɔ òng	ɛu eung ɔi oing
Low			a ang

Morphology

Noun Phrase Morphology

Adjectives agree with their nouns in case and number. Case stacking occurs so that nouns in a non-core case modifying another noun agrees with that noun. Prepositions are also inflected for number and case agreement.

Basic Noun Phrase structure

QUANTIFIER NEG-CASE-NUMBER.DEFINITENESS-NOUN NUMBER-CASE-COMPARISON-ADJ

Gender

Solaric nouns fall into 2 genders: Animate and Inanimate. Animate nouns include people (including non-biological intelligences), animals, personifications, deities, planets with life, rivers, boats, and spacecraft. Inanimate nouns include everything else. Using inanimate markers with a person can be used to belittle or insult.

Case Prefixes

Common: Ø-

Genitive: ee-(Consonant Root)/èv-(Vowel Root)

Marks possession, participation, composition, origin, reference, and description.

Dative: ta-(Consonant Root)/t-(Vowel Root)

Marks the indirect object.

Benifactive: fwo-(Consonant Root)/for-(Vowel Root)

Marks the beneficiary of an action.

Locative: 'n-

Marks location

Number & Definiteness

Singular Unmarked: -Ø-
Singular Definite: -ad-(Consonant Stem)/j-(Vowel Stem)
Singular Indefinite: -sm-
Dual Unmarked: -tü-
Dual Definite: -adü-
Dual Indefinite: -snü-
Plural Unmarked: -mye-
Plural Definite: -anye-
Plural Indefinite: -smye-

Mass nouns are always marked as Singular Indefinite

Adjective Morphology

Comparative: -moo-(Consonant Root)/-mor-(Vowel Root)
Superlative: -mös-

Pronouns

Nominantive

	1st	2nd	3rd	Impersonal
Plural	aa	yü	hi ye	wèn
Dual	wyü	yüü	dayü	snü
Plural	wi	yoo	dee	sèm

Accusative

	1st	2nd	3rd	Impersonal
Plural	mi	yü	ho ye	wèn
Dual	ussü	yüü	denhü	snü
Plural	us	yoo	dem	sèm

Genitive

	1st	2nd	3rd	Impersonal
Plural	eemi	eeyü	eeho èvye	eewèn
Dual	èvussü	eeyüü	eedenhü	eesnü
Plural	èvus	eeyoo	eedem	eesèm

Dative

	1st	2nd	3rd	Impersonal
Plural	tmi	cü	to ce	twèn
Dual	tussü	cüü	tenhü	tsmü
Plural	tus	coo	tem	tsèm

Benifactive

	1st	2nd	3rd	Impersonal
Plural	fmi	fwü	foo fwe	fwèn
Dual	fussü	fwüü	fwenhü	fosnü
Plural	fus	fwoo	fwem	fsèm

Locative

	1st	2nd	3rd	Impersonal
Plural	ni	nyü	nho nye	nwèn
Dual	nussü	nyüü	nenhü	ndzü
Plural	nus	nyoo	ndzèm

Verb Morphology

Finite Verbs

Preceding the Verb

Free Adverb

Slot 1: Subject Agreement

1SG: aa-

2SG: yü-

3SG: hi- (Animate)/-ye- (Inanimate)

1PL: wi-

2PL: yoo-

3PL: dè-

Slot 2: Interrogation

Animate Interrogative: -hü-

Inanimate Interrogative: -wè'-

Slot 3: Tense and Evidentiality

Present and Past tenses distinguish in evidentiality between visual, non-visual, inferential, and unstated.

Present Unstated: -Ø-

Present Visual: -si-

Present Non-Visual: -hye-

Present Inferential: -dyeg-

Past Unstated: -dye-

Past Visual: -sò-

Past Non-Visual: -hod-

Past Inferential: -doo-

Future: -nè-

Slot 4: Mood

Indicative: -Ø-

Used for factual statements

Subjunctive: -shu-

Used for probability, possibility, or uncertainty.

Conditional: -ke-

Used for hypotheticals.

Obligative: -goi-

Used for demands and statements of obligations.

Optative: -woi-

Used for statements of wishing, wanting, or desiring something to happen.

Slot 5: Primary Aspect

Verbs are either inherently active (are an action) or stative (are a state of being). Only active verbs can have habitual aspect.

Active Habitual: -Ø-

Active Imperfect: -bi

Active Perfect: -ven-

Stative Imperfect: -Ø-

Stative Perfect: -v-

The Habitual is used when the verb occurs on a regular basis. The Imperfect is used for unfolding actions while the Perfect is used for denoting completion.

Slot 6: Voice

Active Voice: -Ø-

Passive Voice: -gee

The passive voice demotes the Agent and makes the Patient the subject. the special case marker boi- is only used with the passive voice Agent.

Slot 7: Verbal Negation

Negative: -n

Slot 8: Secondary Aspect

Causative: -mayi-

Inchoative: -ssaa-

Resumptive: -kepn-

Slot 13: Incorporated Direct Object

Only inanimate nouns lacking definiteness marking can be incorporated.

Slot 14: Indirect Object Agreement

1SG: -mi

2SG: -yü

3SG: -em- (Animate)/-Ø- (Inanimate)

1PL: -us

2PL: -yoo

3PL: -em

Slot 15: Direct Object Agreement

1SG: -mi

2SG: -yü

3SG: -em- (Animate)/-ye- (Inanimate)

1PL: -us

2PL: -yoo

3PL: -em

Non-finite verbs

Active Particle: -n-

Stative Participle: -d-/-ad-()

The active participle is also used as a gerund and plays the role of an infinitive. They are inflected like nouns when used as a noun and like adjectives when they are used like adjectives.

Syntax

The basic unmarked word order is:

S-V-DO-IO-X

Where S is the Object, V is the Verb, DO is the Direct Object, IO is the Direct Object, and X is a complement.

The order of prepositional phrases follows the Place, Time, Manner pattern.