Appendix D: Shemspreg-English Lexicon
From FrathWiki
Jump to navigationJump to search
Shemspreg to English Lexicon
The entries have the following form:
- Shemspreg
- Gloss
- Part of Speech
- Etymology
- Source
- -sor
- woman
- noun
- sor
- GI
- =je
- emphasis
- clitic
- -je
- 418
- =kwe
- and
- conjunction
- -kʷe
- 635
A - B - CH - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - R - S - T - U - V - W - Y - Index
A
- aamer
- day
- noun
- a:mer-
- 35
- aano
- ring, anus
- noun
- a:no-
- 47
- aazh-
- desire, need
- verb
- a:(i)jʰ-
- 14
- ab
- river, current, stream
- noun
- ab-
- 1
- abalo-no
- tree; apple tree
- noun
- abalo-no-
- GI
- abel
- tree; apple
- noun
- abel- (2ebo:l)
- 1
- ach
- sharp
- adjective
- ac-
- 18
- achmo
- stone
- noun
- acmo- (2acmo:)
- 19
- ad
- at; to, by
- preposition
- ad-
- 3
- ad
- grain
- noun
- had-
- GI
- ades
- grain; spelt
- noun
- ades-
- 3
- adro
- canal, river
- noun
- ad-ro-
- 4
- aghuno
- lamb
- noun
- agʰʷ-no-s
- 9
- aich
- spear
- noun
- aic-
- 15
- aidh-
- burn, shine
- verb
- ai-dʰ-
- 11
- aig
- tree; oak
- noun
- aig-
- 13
- aig-
- swing
- verb
- aig-
- 13
- aig- swe
- swing (refl)
- verb
- aig-
- 13
- aighw-
- be ashamed
- verb
- aigʰʷ-
- 14
- aij
- goat
- noun
- aij- (2eij-)
- 13
- ais-
- wish
- verb
- ais-
- 16
- aisk
- clear, bright, shining
- adjective
- aisk-
- 16
- aj-
- drive (livestock)
- verb
- aj- (2ej-)
- 4
- aj-
- lead
- verb
- aj- (2ej-)
- 4
- ajro
- pasture; unworked field for grazing
- noun
- aj-ro-s (2ejros)
- 6
- aks
- axle
- noun
- 2ecs
- 6
- akwa
- river
- noun
- akʷa:-
- 23
- akwa
- water
- noun
- akʷa:-
- 23
- al
- white, glinting
- adjective
- al-
- 29
- alghu/w-
- value
- noun
- algʰʷ-
- 32
- alghw-
- earn
- verb
- algʰʷ-
- 32
- alisa
- tree; alder
- noun
- alisa:
- 302
- alnos
- all
- quantifier
- al-no-s
- 24
- alu
- bitter
- adjective
- alu-
- 33
- alvi
- grain; barley
- noun
- albʰi-
- 29
- alvo
- white, light colored
- adjective
- albʰo-
- 30
- alyo
- other
- adjective
- alyos-
- 25
- am
- time of ripening; harvest time
- noun
- ham-
- GI
- am-
- harvest
- verb
- ham-
- GI
- ambi
- around
- preposition
- ambʰi
- 34
- an
- grandmother
- noun
- han-
- GI
- an
- on
- preposition
- an
- 39
- an-
- breathe, inhale
- verb
- an(h)-
- 38
- anat
- bird; duck
- noun
- anht- (an2t-s)
- 41
- anata
- doorpost
- noun
- anhta: (2(e)n2t)
- 42
- aner
- man
- noun
- aner- (2ne:r)
- 765
- aner
- masculine life force, male strength; maturity
- noun
- Hner-(t)-
- GI
- ang
- joint
- noun
- ang-
- 46
- angwi
- snake, viper
- noun
- ang(ʰ)ʷi-
- 43
- ani
- breath
- noun
- anh-
- GI
- animo
- breath
- noun
- anh- (2an1mo-s)
- 38
- anj
- narrow
- adjective
- anjʰ-
- 42
- anj-
- strangle
- verb
- anjʰ- (2anjʰ-)
- 42
- anjen
- soul, breath
- noun
- anjʰen-
- 43
- anju
- narrow
- adjective
- hanjʰ-u-
- GI
- ank
- hook
- noun
- hankʰ-
- GI
- ank-
- bend
- verb
- ank-
- 45
- ans
- favorable
- adjective
- ans-
- 47
- ansu
- ghost, demon
- noun
- ansu-
- 48
- ant
- front, forehead
- noun
- ant-s
- 48
- anti
- against
- preposition
- anti
- 48
- ap-
- grasp; pluck, pick
- verb
- ap-
- 50
- apo
- from, as of
- preposition
- apo
- 53
- ar
- also
- clitic
- ar
- 62
- ar
- tree; nut
- noun
- ar-
- 61
- ar-
- fit, correspond, unite
- verb
- ar- (2ar-)
- 55
- ar-
- work land, plow
- verb
- har-
- GI
- ardi
- tip, point
- noun
- ardi-
- 63
- arimo
- arm
- noun
- arh-mo-
- 58
- arj
- white, glinting
- adjective
- ar(e)-j- (2erj-)
- 64
- arjint
- metal; silver
- noun
- ar(e)-j- (2erj-nt-)
- 64
- aru-
- plow
- verb
- ar(h)- (2er3-)
- 62
- aru-tro
- plow
- noun
- arh-trom (2er3-trom)
- 62
- aru/w-
- field
- noun
- ar(h)w- (2er3-)
- 63
- aru/w-
- freeman
- noun
- arw-
- GI
- arw-
- pray, offer prayer
- verb
- arw-
- GI
- arwa
- guts
- noun
- arwa:
- 68
- aryo
- lord, master, host
- noun
- ar(y)o-
- GI
- as
- hearth
- noun
- has-
- GI
- aster
- star
- noun
- haster-
- GI
- au
- away from
- preposition
- au-
- 72
- au-
- perceive
- verb
- au-
- 78
- aug-
- increase
- verb
- aug-
- 84
- aukh
- neck
- noun
- augʰ-
- 87
- aulo
- tube
- noun
- au-lo-s
- 88
- aus
- dawn
- noun
- (a)us-o:s (2uso:s)
- 86
- aus
- ear
- noun
- o:us- (2awsos)
- 785
- aus
- east
- noun
- (a)us-o:s (2uso:s)
- 86
- aus-
- create
- verb
- aus-
- 90
- aus-aano
- earring
- noun
- auso
- metal; gold
- noun
- auso-
- 86
- av
- sudden
- adjective
- abʰ-
- 2
- avro
- strong, violent
- adjective
- abʰro-
- 2
- awe
- bird
- noun
- awei- (2awi-s-)
- 86
- awij
- grain; oats
- noun
- awij-
- 88
- awo
- grandfather
- noun
- awo-s (2eu2os)
- 89
- ayer
- day
- noun
- aier-
- 12
- ayos
- metal
- noun
- ayos- (2eios)
- 15
- ayos
- metal; bronze, iron
- noun
- ayos
- 15
- ayu
- life; youthful life force; eternity; lifespan
- noun
- ayu-
- 17
- ayu-wo
- alive, vigorous
- adjective
- ayu-
- 17
- azher
- day
- noun
- ajʰer-
- 7
B
- banan(a)
- banana
- noun
- origin unknown
- IW
C
- cha
- there
- adverb
- co-
- 609
- chak
- branch, pole, stake
- noun
- cak-
- GI
- chas
- grey
- adjective
- cas-
- 533
- chasno
- hare
- noun
- cas-no- (chs)
- 533
- chatro
- fight
- noun
- cat(e)ro-
- 534
- che
- here
- adverb
- ce-
- 609
- che-chuk-ent
- clean
- adjective
- ceuk-
- GI
- cheeko
- grass, fodder
- noun
- ceeko-
- GI
- chel
- cold
- adjective
- cel-
- 551
- chenk-
- hang
- verb
- cenk-
- 566
- chens-
- solemnly proclaim, prescribe, announce
- verb
- cens-
- GI
- cher-wo
- bull, ox (originally ʰhorned’)
- noun
- ce/or-w-
- GI
- cherd
- heart
- noun
- cerd-
- 579
- cherisir/n-
- head
- noun
- c(e)rHs-r/n-
- GI
- ches-
- cut
- verb
- ces-
- 586
- chestro
- knife
- noun
- ces-tro-m
- 586
- cheu
- hollow
- adjective
- ceu-
- 592
- cheuk-
- clean
- verb
- ceuk-
- GI
- chimtom
- 100
- numeral
- cMtóm
- 192
- chirn
- horn
- noun
- cer- (cRn-)
- 574
- chirsen
- hornet (horned insect)
- noun
- cRs-en-
- GI
- chleu-
- hear
- verb
- cleu-
- 605
- chlewo
- glory
- noun
- clewo-
- GI
- cho
- yonder
- adverb
- co-
- 609
- cholimo
- pipe, tube
- noun
- colhmo-s
- 612
- chyee
- dark brown; dark
- adjective
- cye:-
- GI
D
- daap
- ritual food offered to the gods
- noun
- dahp-
- GI
- dachru
- tear(s)
- noun
- dacru-
- 179
- dai-
- tear up
- verb
- da:i- (da2i-)
- 175
- daiwer
- brother-in-law (husband’s brother)
- noun
- da:iwe:r (day2we:r)
- 179
- de
- of
- preposition
- de
- 181
- dechim
- 10
- numeral
- decM-t
- 191
- dechim-oyno
- 11
- numeral
- deech
- design, predestination, indication, direction, law
- noun
- deic-
- GI
- deech-
- show
- verb
- deic-
- 188
- deechtro
- finger
- noun
- deic-
- 188
- dei-
- shine
- verb
- dei-
- GI
- deks
- rightside
- adjective
- decs-
- 190
- del-
- count
- verb
- del-
- 193
- dem-
- build
- verb
- dem-
- 198
- demi-
- tame
- verb
- demh-
- GI
- dench-
- bite
- verb
- denc-
- 201
- dens
- thick
- adjective
- dens-
- 202
- der-
- remove skin, bark; flay
- verb
- der-
- 206
- derch-
- see
- verb
- derc-
- 213
- deru
- tree
- noun
- deru-
- 214
- deu-
- fit
- verb
- deu- (dew2-)
- 217
- deuk-
- pull; lead
- verb
- deuk-
- 220
- dewos
- god
- noun
- deiwo-s
- 185
- deyeu
- sky, heaven
- noun
- deyeu- (dye:w-s)
- 184
- dezhom
- dirt
- noun
- jʰdʰem- (dejʰo:m)
- 414
- dezhom
- earth, ground
- noun
- jʰdʰem- (dejʰo:m)
- 414
- dikh
- goat
- noun
- digʰ-
- GI
- dilgho
- long (duration)
- adjective
- dLgʰó- (dL1gʰo-s)
- 197
- dinju
- language
- noun
- dNjʰu:- (dNjʰwa2-s)
- 223
- dinju
- tongue
- noun
- dNjʰu:- (dNjʰwa2-s)
- 223
- diw
- day
- noun
- diw-
- 185
- diw-u
- daily
- adjective
- diw-
- 185
- diw-u-ne
- daily
- adverb
- diw-
- 185
- domo
- house, building
- noun
- do:mo- (domhos)
- 198
- domo
- tame
- adjective
- domo-s (dom2o-s)
- 199
- dont
- tooth
- noun
- (e)d-ont-
- 289
- doo-
- give (take)
- verb
- do:- (de3-)
- 223
- draa-
- run
- verb
- dra:- (dra2-)
- 204
- dru
- wood (oak)
- noun
- d(o)ru-
- GI
- dus
- bad, wrong; mistaken
- adjective
- dus-
- GI
- dwei-
- fear
- verb
- dwei-
- 227
- dwo
- 2
- numeral
- dwo: (duo-1)
- 228
- dwo-pel
- double
- verb
- dwo:
- 228
- dwoo-dechim
- 20
- numeral
- dyeu
- sky; god (esp sky or sun god)
- noun
- dyeu- ~ diw- ~ deiwo-
- GI
- dyeus-pater
- sky-father; supreme deity
- noun
- dyeu(s)-pHter-
- GI
E
- echwo
- horse
- noun
- ecwo-s (1ecuos)
- 301
- ed-
- eat
- verb
- ed- (1ed-)
- 287
- edhlo
- tree: conifer
- noun
- edʰlo-
- GI
- eek-
- own
- verb
- e:ik-
- 298
- ees
- ice
- noun
- ei-s-
- 301
- eesiro
- endowed with sacred power; sacred
- adjective
- eishro-
- GI
- egni
- fire (as an active force)
- noun
- egnis (Ngni-)
- 293
- egwer
- mountain; peak
- noun
- hegʷr- ~ hgʷe/or- ~ hgʷr
- GI
- ei-
- go
- verb
- ei- (1ei-)
- 293
- ej
- 1s(s)
- pronoun
- ej- (ej2)
- 291
- ekhs
- out
- preposition
- egʰs
- 292
- ekw-
- drink
- verb
- ekʷ-
- GI
- el-
- bend
- verb
- el-
- 307
- elch
- elk
- noun
- (e)l-c-
- GI
- elen
- fawn
- noun
- el-en- ~ el-N-
- GI
- elinbo
- doe
- noun
- el-N-bʰo-s
- GI
- elun
- tree; juniper
- noun
- el-en- (el-w-n)
- 303
- em-
- take
- verb
- 1em- (1em-)
- 310
- en
- in
- preposition
- en
- 311
- en
- year
- noun
- en-
- 314
- ench
- death, plague, fate, compulsion
- noun
- henc- ~ hnec-
- GI
- ensi
- sword
- noun
- Nsi- ~ ensi-
- GI
- enter
- between
- preposition
- enter
- 313
- enu
- without
- preposition
- enu
- 318
- epi
- beside, by
- preposition
- epi
- 323
- er-
- row
- verb
- er(e)- (1er1-)
- 338
- er-
- start
- verb
- er-
- 326
- eri
- lamb, ram
- noun
- er(i)-
- GI
- ers
- buttocks
- noun
- ers-
- 340
- es-
- be
- verb
- es-
- 340
- esen
- harvest time; summer
- noun
- (e)s-en-
- GI
- esir/n-
- blood
- noun
- es-R/n- (es2-R)
- 343
- esu
- good
- adjective
- esu-s
- 342
- eth
- needle
- noun
- edʰ
- GI
- eti
- beyond
- preposition
- eti
- 344
- eu-
- put on, pull on
- verb
- eu-
- GI
- euk-
- get used to
- verb
- euk-
- 347
- eus-
- burn, glow; cremate
- verb
- eus-
- GI
- euth
- udder
- noun
- eudʰ
- GI
- ezhi
- hedgehog
- noun
- ejʰi-
- 292
- ezhi
- snake
- noun
- ejʰi-
- 43
F
- faa-
- glint, shine
- verb
- bʰa:-
- 104
- faaghu
- forearm
- noun
- bʰa:gʰú-s
- 108
- faago
- tree; beech
- noun
- bʰa:go-s
- 107
- faazhu
- elbow; forearm
- noun
- bʰaajʰu-
- GI
- fad
- good
- adjective
- bʰad-
- 106
- fag-
- share
- verb
- bʰag-
- 107
- fago
- share, part
- noun
- bʰago-s
- 107
- fardha
- beard
- noun
- bʰardʰa:
- 110
- fares
- grain; barley
- noun
- bʰares-
- 111
- fau-
- beat
- verb
- bʰau-
- 112
- fe
- without
- preposition
- b(ʰ)e
- 112
- fedh-
- dig
- verb
- bʰe/odʰ-
- GI
- fee
- bee
- noun
- bʰei-
- 116
- feg-
- break
- verb
- bʰeg-
- 114
- fegh-
- quarrel
- verb
- bʰegʰ-
- GI
- fei-
- hit
- verb
- bʰei(h)-
- 117
- fend-
- tie
- verb
- bʰendʰ-
- 127
- fer-
- bring; carry
- verb
- bʰer-
- 128
- fer-
- work with a sharp tool
- verb
- bʰer-
- GI
- ferij
- tree; birch
- noun
- bʰerhj-
- 139
- ferij-
- shine, be bright
- verb
- bʰerhj-
- GI
- fero
- brown
- adjective
- bʰero-s
- 136
- fersh
- fortress, fortification; high mountain
- noun
- bʰ(e)rjʰ-
- GI
- fersh
- high, top
- noun
- bʰerjʰ-
- GI
- fersh
- mountain
- noun
- bʰerjʰos
- 140
- fersh
- tower
- noun
- bʰ(e)rjʰ-
- GI
- ferzh-
- rise, stand up, get up
- verb
- bʰerjʰ-
- GI
- feu-
- be, exist, become (inanimate)
- verb
- bʰeu-
- 146
- feudh-
- awaken
- verb
- bʰeudʰ-
- GI
- feug-
- bend
- verb
- bʰeug-
- 152
- finj-u
- thick, solid
- adjective
- bʰNjʰu-s
- 127
- fiver
- beaver
- noun
- bʰibʰer ~ bʰebʰer
- GI
- flaagh-men
- priest (?)
- noun
- bʰlaagʰ-men
- GI
- flaj-
- beat
- verb
- bʰlaj-
- 154
- flee-wo
- blue
- adjective
- bʰle:-wo-s
- 160
- floo
- plant
- noun
- bʰel- ~ bʰloh- ~ bʰlH
- GI
- fo
- if
- conjunction
- bʰo
- 113
- fog-
- bake
- verb
- bʰog-
- 113
- fog-achmo
- brick
- noun
- fraater
- brother
- noun
- bʰra:ter- (bʰré2t(e:)r)
- 163
- fred-
- wade
- verb
- bʰred(ʰ)-
- 164
- freej
- white, glinting
- adjective
- bʰre:j-
- 139
- freu-
- brew, ferment
- verb
- bʰrew-
- 145
- fruj-
- roast
- verb
- bʰrej- ~ bʰruj-
- GI
- fruu
- eyebrow(s)
- noun
- bʰruh-
- GI
- fujo
- goat
- noun
- bʰujo-
- GI
G
- gadu
- cat
- noun
- gad-u-
- GI
- gem
- load
- noun
- gem-
- 368
- gem-
- stuff
- verb
- gem-
- 368
- gemo
- twin
- noun
- gemo
- GI
- ger-
- crow, make noise
- verb
- ger-
- GI
- geu-
- chew
- verb
- g(y)eu-
- 400
- glakt
- milk
- noun
- glakt
- 400
- glob-u
- round
- adjective
- glob
- AHD
- gnoo-
- know
- verb
- gnoo-
- AHD
- gref
- crab
- noun
- grebʰ-
- GI
- grev-
- etch, scratch, write
- verb
- grebʰ-
- 392
- grev-
- scratch, scrape, draw
- verb
- (s)grebʰ-
- GI
- groof
- tree; hornbeam
- noun
- gro:b(ʰ)o-s
- 404
- gurau
- millstone
- noun
- gʷraau-
- GI
- gwaa-
- step
- verb
- gʷa:- (gʷa2-)
- 463
- gwee
- all living things
- noun
- gʷey-
- 467
- gwei-
- live
- verb
- gʷey-
- 467
- gwela
- acorn
- noun
- gʷla:- (gʷelh)
- 472
- gwelf
- womb; fetus, young animal
- noun
- gʷelbʰ-
- GI
- gwem-
- come
- verb
- gʷem-
- 463
- gwena
- woman; wife
- noun
- gʷena:-
- 473
- gwer
- heat, warmth
- noun
- gʰʷer-
- GI
- gwer
- heavy
- adjective
- gʷer-
- 476
- gwer-
- swallow
- verb
- gʷer- (gʷer3-)
- 474
- gweru
- heavy
- adjective
- gʷ(e)r-u-
- GI
- gwes-
- extinguish
- verb
- gʷes-
- 479
- gwey-ent
- alive, living
- adjective
- gʷey-
- 467
- gwi-wo
- alive, having life
- adjective
- gʷiwo-s
- 467
- gwolgwol
- musical instrument
- noun
- gʰolgʰol
- GI
- gwoo
- bovine; cow
- noun
- gʷou- (gʷe2us)
- 482
H
- hirth
- clan; descendant
- noun
- hRdʰ-
- GI
- hoyes
- pole
- noun
- his- ~ hoi-es- ~ hois
- GI
I
- in-
- word negation
- PFX
- N-
- 756
- in-mir-to
- immortal
- adjective
- N-mR-tó-s
- 735
- inchechuki
- unclean
- adjective
- ceuk-
- GI
- inder
- under
- preposition
- Ndʰer
- 771
- ing
- cross, surly
- adjective
- ing-
- 13
- irkso
- bear
- noun
- Rc-s-o-s
- 875
- isu
- arrow
- noun
- isu-s
- B
- iwo
- tree; yew
- noun
- (e)i-wo-
- 297
J
- jalo
- sister-in-law
- noun
- jal(ou-)
- GI
- jem-
- marry (of a man)
- verb
- jem(e)-
- 369
- jemb-
- bite, tear apart, break into pieces
- verb
- jembʰ-
- 369
- jen-
- acknowledge, become aware; acknowledge guilt or sin
- verb
- jen- ~ jn-
- GI
- jen-
- beget
- verb
- jen-
- 373
- jen-ta
- clan, tribe, kin collectivity
- noun
- jen-(t-)
- GI
- jenu
- jaw, chin
- noun
- jenu-
- 381
- jenu
- knee
- noun
- jenu-
- 380
- jer-
- age
- verb
- jer-
- 390
- jeront
- old man (participle of jer- ʰage’)
- noun
- jer(ont)
- GI
- jeus-
- choose
- verb
- jeus-
- 399
- jirno
- grain
- noun
- jR-no-m
- 390
- jombo
- peg
- noun
- jombʰo-s
- 369
K
- kaar
- wax
- noun
- ka:r-
- 532
- kaau-
- strike, cut, forge
- verb
- kahu-
- GI
- kaave
- coffee
- noun
- < Turkish ʰkahveʰ
- IW
- kach
- small, thin
- adjective
- kac-
- GI
- kais
- hair
- noun
- kais-
- 520
- kajo
- goat
- noun
- kajo-
- 517
- kaka
- manure, excrement
- noun
- kakka-
- 521
- kan-
- sing
- verb
- kan-
- 525
- kap-
- catch, seize
- verb
- kap- (ka2p-)
- 527
- kapel
- head
- noun
- kap-el-
- GI
- kaput
- head
- noun
- kap-ut-
- 529
- kar
- tree: nut
- noun
- qar-
- GI
- karkar
- crab
- noun
- karkar-
- GI
- kat
- cat
- noun
- kat-
- GI
- kel
- mountain, high place
- noun
- kel-
- GI
- kelch
- cup
- noun
- kel-c-
- 550
- kelp
- pot
- noun
- kelp-
- 555
- kerk
- bird: chicken, hen, rooster
- noun
- kerk-
- GI
- kerp
- implement for harvesting
- noun
- kerp-
- GI
- kes-
- comb
- verb
- kes-
- GI
- kes-
- scrape; shave
- verb
- kes-
- 585
- khav-
- grasp, take; have
- verb
- gʰabʰ-
- 407
- khed-
- defecate
- verb
- gʰed-
- 423
- khelsh
- metal; copper, bronze
- noun
- gʰel(e)jʰ-
- 435
- khelu
- turtle
- noun
- gʰelu
- GI
- kher-
- fence in, surround, circle, enclose
- verb
- gʰer-
- GI
- kherth
- fence; enclosure
- noun
- gʰ(e)r-dʰ-
- GI
- kherto
- land
- noun
- khevel
- head
- noun
- gʰebʰ-el- (gʰebʰ2l-)
- 423
- khiv
- left
- noun
- gʰibʰ-ol-o-
- GI
- khnid
- nit
- noun
- gʰnid
- GI
- khos-
- devour
- verb
- gʰos-
- 452
- khosti
- host, guest; stranger
- noun
- gʰosti-s
- 453
- khou-
- pay attention to
- verb
- gʰou-
- GI
- khree-
- grow
- verb
- gʰre:-
- 454
- khwel-
- want
- verb
- gʰʷel-
- 489
- khwelu
- hungry
- adjective
- gʰʷel-
- 489
- khwen-
- hit, kill; destroy; pursue (enemy)
- verb
- gʰʷen-
- 491
- khwer
- warm
- adjective
- gʰʷer-
- 493
- khwerm
- warmth, heat
- noun
- gʰʷer-m-
- GI
- khweyi
- tendon
- noun
- gʰʷeih-
- 489
- khwiislo
- fiber
- noun
- gʰʷi:slo- (gʰʷihslo-)
- 489
- kili-wo
- bald
- adjective
- kelhwo- (kLhwo-)
- 554
- kilni
- hill
- noun
- kL-ni- ~ kol-ni-
- GI
- kirno
- tree; cherry
- noun
- kRnos
- 572
- kleno
- tree; maple
- noun
- kleno-
- 603
- klep-
- steal
- verb
- klep-
- 604
- kneu
- tree: nut
- noun
- kneu-
- GI
- koj
- goat
- noun
- qoj-
- GI
- kokso
- groin
- noun
- kocsa:-
- 611
- kom
- with
- preposition
- kom
- 612
- kor-
- crow, make noise
- verb
- ke/or- ~ kR-
- GI
- korch
- weak, thin
- adjective
- korc-
- GI
- koslo
- tree; hazel
- noun
- kos(e)lo-
- 616
- kost
- bone
- noun
- qe/os-t-
- GI
- koyot
- coyote
- noun
- < Nahuatl koyotl
- IW
- kree-
- buy
- verb
- kʷrei- (kʷrei2-)
- 648
- krem
- soup prepared by heating, fermentation
- noun
- kr-em-
- GI
- kreui
- raw flesh, raw meat
- noun
- kreuh- ~ kruh-
- GI
- kwaas-
- cough
- verb
- kʷa2s-
- R
- kwas
- cheese
- noun
- kwas-
- GI
- kwekulo
- wheel
- noun
- kʷekʷlo-
- 640
- kwel
- cattle herder
- noun
- kʷel-
- GI
- kwel-
- rotate, turn
- verb
- kʷel-
- 639
- kwelo
- circle
- noun
- kʷelo-
- 639
- kwento
- holy
- adjective
- cwen-to-
- GI
- kwep
- boar
- noun
- qwep-
- GI
- kwer
- bowl
- noun
- gʷer-
- 642
- kwer-
- buy
- verb
- kʷer-(ei-)
- GI
- kwer-
- do, make; connect; make by hand; form
- verb
- kʷer-
- GI
- kwetwer
- 4
- numeral
- kʷetwer-
- 642
- kwetwer-pel
- quadruple
- verb
- kʷetwer-
- 642
- kwi
- what, who
- pronoun
- kʷo-
- 644
- kwii-
- want
- verb
- kwi:-
- 632
- kwirmi
- worm; ant
- noun
- kʷRmi-
- GI
- kwoi-
- punish, compensate, pay price, avenge
- verb
- kʷe/oi-(naa-)
- GI
- kwon
- dog
- noun
- cwon-
- 632
L
- laab
- lip
- noun
- la:b-
- 655
- laawo
- people, folk; army, campaign
- noun
- lah(w)o
- GI
- laiwo
- leftside
- adjective
- laiwo-
- 652
- laks
- salmon (derivative of lac- ʰred; spotted’)
- noun
- lacs-
- GI
- lau
- booty, plunder
- noun
- lau-
- GI
- lau-
- take plunder
- verb
- lau-
- GI
- lav-
- catch, seize
- verb
- labʰ-
- 652
- lee
- slick
- adjective
- lei-
- 662
- lee-
- poor
- adjective
- le:(i)-
- 665
- leeg-
- bind; swear an oath, bind in obligation
- verb
- leig-
- GI
- leekw-
- leave (tr)
- verb
- leikʷ-
- 669
- lees
- rut, track
- noun
- leis-
- 671
- leeto
- warmth
- noun
- le:to- (le1t-)
- 680
- leewo
- smooth
- adjective
- leiwo-
- 662
- leezh-
- lick
- verb
- leijʰ-
- 668
- legh-
- lay
- verb
- legʰ-
- 658
- legh- se
- lie
- verb
- legʰ-
- 658
- leghu
- light
- adjective
- legʰʷ-
- GI
- lei
- mortar
- noun
- lej-
- gather, collect
- verb
- lej-
- GI
- lenta
- tree; linden
- noun
- lenta:
- 677
- leu
- lion
- noun
- leu-
- GI
- leudhero
- free people; folk
- noun
- leudʰero-
- GI
- leuj-
- break
- verb
- leuj-
- 686
- leuk
- light
- noun
- leuk-
- 687
- leuk-
- shine
- verb
- leuk-
- 687
- leuv-
- love
- verb
- leubʰ-
- 683
- levont
- elephant
- noun
- lebʰont- ~ Lbʰont-
- GI
- lezh-
- crawl, creep; spread
- verb
- lejʰ-
- GI
- lino
- flax
- noun
- lino-
- GI
- longo
- long (dimension)
- adjective
- (d)longʰo-s
- 197
- look-snaa
- shining body
- noun
- louksnaa-
- GI
- looko
- meadow
- noun
- lowko-s
- R
- lus
- louse
- noun
- lus (luhs)
- 692
M
- maalo
- fruit
- noun
- mahlo-
- GI
- maater
- mother
- noun
- ma:ter- (mé2t(e:)r)
- 700
- maatro
- uncle (MoBr)
- noun
- ma:tro:- (me2tro:us)
- 701
- marko
- horse
- noun
- marko-
- GI
- marsk
- swamp
- noun
- mor- ~ mar-(sc-)
- GI
- matro
- aunt
- noun
- ma:ter- (mé2t(e:)r)
- 700
- me
- 1s(o)
- pronoun
- me-
- 702
- med-
- measure, weigh
- verb
- med-
- 705
- medh
- honey, mead
- noun
- medʰu
- 707
- medh-u
- sweet
- adjective
- medʰu
- 707
- medhi
- middle
- adjective
- medʰi-
- 706
- mee-
- measure
- verb
- meh-
- GI
- mee-
- ripen
- verb
- meh(i)-
- GI
- meems
- meat
- noun
- me:mso- (me:ms-)
- 725
- meens
- moon, month
- noun
- me:ns- (me:1Ns)
- 731
- meezh-
- urinate
- verb
- meijʰ-
- 713
- mei-
- change, exchange
- verb
- mei-(n)-
- GI
- mej
- big
- adjective
- mej- (mej2-s)
- 708
- mel
- black, dark
- adjective
- mel-
- GI
- mel-
- crush, divide; thresh, grind grate
- verb
- mel-
- GI
- mel-
- deceive
- verb
- mel-
- 719
- mel-
- grind
- verb
- mel- (molh-)
- 716
- mel-
- say, pronounce
- verb
- mel-
- GI
- meld-
- pray while offering sacrifice; make a sound
- verb
- mel-dʰ-
- GI
- meli
- honey
- noun
- meli
- 723
- melit
- sweet
- adjective
- mel-i-t-
- GI
- melj-
- milk
- verb
- 29melj-
- 722
- men
- thought, mind, reason
- noun
- men-
- GI
- men-
- rise, stand out
- verb
- m(e)n-
- GI
- men-
- think, remember
- verb
- men-
- 726
- ment
- mountain heights
- noun
- m(e)n-t-
- GI
- mer-
- die
- verb
- mer-
- 735
- merk-
- soak
- verb
- merk-
- 739
- mesk-
- sink
- verb
- mezg-
- 745
- meu
- semen, sperm
- noun
- meu- ~ mu-
- GI
- meus
- moss
- noun
- m(e)us-
- GI
- mil
- grinder, mill
- noun
- mL- ~ mul-
- GI
- mild
- soft
- adjective
- mLdu- (mLdʰ-)
- 718
- milyo
- bad, evil
- adjective
- mel-yo-
- 719
- mir-
- put into (someone’s) possession, govern; hold
- verb
- mHr-/n-(t)-
- GI
- mir-to
- mortal
- adjective
- mRt-ós
- 735
- mir/n-
- hand
- noun
- mh-n-és (mhr-/n-)
- 740
- mod
- manner
- noun
- mod
- AHD
- moks
- soon
- adverb
- mocs
- 747
- mono
- back of head, occiput; neck
- noun
- mon(o)-
- 747
- mor
- black, dark
- adjective
- mor-
- 734
- mori
- sea, lake
- noun
- mori
- 748
- moro
- tree: mulberry (tree and fruit)
- noun
- moro-
- GI
- moru/w-
- ant
- noun
- mor-w- ~ wor-m-
- GI
- morva
- form
- noun
- morbʰ-aa
- GI
- mosko
- marrow
- noun
- mos-ko-
- 750
- mrezhu
- short
- adjective
- mrejʰu-
- GI
- mug-
- pray; pronounce the words of a prayer
- verb
- mug-
- GI
- mus
- fly, gadfly
- noun
- mu(s)-
- muus
- mouse
- noun
- mu:s (muhs)
- 752
N
- naa-
- fear, revere (gods); be ashamed
- verb
- nah-
- GI
- naau
- boat, ship
- noun
- nahw-
- GI
- nas
- nose
- noun
- nas-
- 755
- ne
- 1p(o)
- pronoun
- ne-
- 758
- ne
- not
- clitic
- ne
- 756
- nech-
- die; disappear
- verb
- hnec-
- GI
- neegw-
- wash
- verb
- neigʷ-
- 761
- nem-
- give, allot; take
- verb
- nem-
- 763
- nepot
- grandson
- noun
- nepo:t-
- 764
- nepti
- granddaughter
- noun
- nepʰtʰí
- GI
- nes-
- return home; be reunited with relatives
- verb
- nes-
- GI
- nevos
- cloud
- noun
- nebʰos
- 315
- newin
- 9
- numeral
- newnoun
- 318
- newo
- new
- adjective
- newo-s
- 769
- nii
- low, bottom
- noun
- ni:-
- GI
- nist
- nest
- noun
- ni-zd-os
- 887
- nogu
- naked
- adjective
- nogʷ-
- 769
- nokut
- night
- noun
- nokʷt-s
- 762
- nomen
- name
- noun
- nomN (1ne:3mN)
- 321
- noodo
- knot
- noun
- no:do-s
- 758
- nos
- 1p(o)
- pronoun
- nos
- 758
- nov
- navel
- noun
- nobʰ- ~ Nbʰ- ~Mbʰ
- GI
- nu
- now
- adverb
- nu-
- 770
O
- o-
- consider true, believe an omen
- verb
- ho-
- GI
- od-
- smell
- verb
- od- (3od-)
- 773
- odhes
- axe
- noun
- a/odʰes-
- GI
- oghwi
- snake, viper
- noun
- ogʰʷi-
- 43
- okto
- 8
- numeral
- octo:
- 775
- okw-
- see
- verb
- okʷ- (3okʷ-)
- 775
- okwes
- eye
- noun
- okʷ(e)s-
- 775
- ol
- bird: water bird, water fowl
- noun
- e/ol-
- GI
- ol
- brown, red
- adjective
- e/ol-
- GI
- olina
- elbow
- noun
- olina: (olVna2)
- 307
- olmo
- tree; elm
- noun
- ol-mo-s
- 303
- om
- unripe, bitter
- adjective
- om- ~ M-
- GI
- omo-
- swear
- verb
- omh- (3om3-)
- 778
- omso
- shoulder
- noun
- om(e)so-s
- 778
- ond
- mountain, cliff, rock
- noun
- ond- ~ Nd-
- GI
- oner-
- dream
- verb
- oner- (3ner-)
- 779
- ongu/w-
- oil; ointment, salve
- noun
- ongʰʷ
- GI
- ongw-
- anoint
- verb
- ongʷ-
- 779
- onokh
- claw
- noun
- onogʰ- (3nogʰ-s)
- 780
- ons-
- give birth, produce; kin
- verb
- hons- ~ hNs-
- GI
- oochu
- swiftly
- adverb
- o:cu-s
- 775
- oos
- mouth
- noun
- o:us- (ohs)
- 784
- oos
- tree; ash
- noun
- o:s-
- 782
- oowi
- egg
- noun
- o:wi-om ((2)o:wio-m)
- 783
- opir/n-
- goods, wealth, possessions; trade
- noun
- hop-r/n-
- GI
- or
- bird; eagle
- noun
- or-
- 325
- or-
- rise, get up, heave
- verb
- 3or-
- R
- or-
- supplicate, entreat gods
- verb
- or-
- GI
- ori
- village boundary
- noun
- e/orh-
- GI
- orji
- testicle
- noun
- orjʰ-i-
- GI
- ors
- buttocks
- noun
- ors-
- GI
- orvo
- indigent; orphan, slave
- noun
- orbʰo-
- 781
- osonos
- donkey (borrowed?)
- noun
- os(o)nos
- GI
- osp
- tree; poplar, aspen
- noun
- apsa: (osp-)
- 55
- ost
- bone
- noun
- ost- (2ost)
- 783
- osto
- branch, twig
- noun
- ozdo-s (3osdo-s)
- 785
- ovi
- towards
- preposition
- obʰi
- 287
- ow-
- put on footwear
- verb
- hou-
- B
- owent
- shoe
- noun
- hou-
- B
- owi
- sheep
- noun
- owi-s (3euis)
- 784
- owi-paa
- shepherd
- noun
- howi-pah-
- GI
- oyno
- 1
- numeral
- oi-nos
- 286
P
- paa-
- feed
- verb
- pa:-
- 787
- paa-
- guard (livestock), herd
- verb
- pah- ~ poh(i)-
- GI
- paaj-
- fasten
- verb
- pa:j- (pa2g-)
- 787
- pard
- leopard
- noun
- pard-
- GI
- patat(a)
- potato
- noun
- < Taino ʰbatataʰ
- IW
- pater
- father
- noun
- phte(r) (p2te:r)
- 829
- pecho
- hair, fur
- noun
- p(e)c-o-
- GI
- pechu
- domestic animals, livestock
- noun
- pec-u-
- 797
- ped
- foot
- noun
- ped- (po:d-s)
- 790
- peech
- spotted
- adjective
- p(e)ic-
- GI
- peens
- sand
- noun
- pe:ns
- 824
- pees
- mortar and pestle
- noun
- peis- ~ pis-
- GI
- pees-
- thresh, mill (grain)
- verb
- peis- ~ pis-
- GI
- peesk
- fish
- noun
- peisk-
- 796
- pekw-
- cook, prepare
- verb
- pekʷ-
- 798
- pel
- dust, powder
- noun
- pel-
- 802
- pel
- fortress, fortified city
- noun
- pel-
- GI
- pel
- skin
- noun
- pel-
- 803
- pel
- smooth
- adjective
- pel-
- GI
- pel-
- multiply, fold together
- verb
- pel-
- GI
- pelechu
- axe
- noun
- pelecu-
- GI
- pelit
- wide, flat
- adjective
- p(e)l-h-t-
- GI
- pen
- bog, mud
- noun
- pen-
- 807
- penkwe
- 5
- numeral
- penkʷe
- 808
- perch
- spotted
- adjective
- perc-
- GI
- perch-
- furrow; scratch, make hole or depression in the earth
- verb
- perc-
- GI
- perd-
- fart
- verb
- perd-
- 819
- peri
- front
- noun
- per-h-
- GI
- perkwu
- forest
- noun
- perkʷu-
- GI
- perkwu
- tree; oak
- noun
- perkʷu-s
- 822
- perkwu-no
- god of war and military campaigns
- noun
- per(kʷ)u-no-
- GI
- pero
- feather
- noun
- pero-m
- R
- pes
- penis
- noun
- pes-
- 824
- pet-
- fall, fly
- verb
- pet- (pet2-)
- 825
- petir
- wing
- noun
- pet-R-
- 825
- peuch
- tree; pine, spruce
- noun
- peuc-
- 828
- peuch
- tree: fir, pine
- noun
- peuc- ~ puc-
- GI
- peuch-
- prick
- verb
- peuc-
- 828
- pik
- pitch
- noun
- pik
- GI
- pilma
- palm
- noun
- pL-ma: (pL2ma2)
- 805
- pilno
- full
- adjective
- pL-no- (pL1no-s)
- 798
- pinksti
- fist
- noun
- pNksti-
- 839
- pint
- path
- noun
- pNt-H
- GI
- pint
- road
- noun
- pNt-H
- GI
- pinti
- track
- noun
- pNt(h)h-
- 808
- pit
- tree: pine, fir
- noun
- pit
- GI
- pitro
- uncle
- noun
- phte(r) (p2te:r)
- 829
- plaa-
- spread
- verb
- pla:-
- 805
- plech-
- plait, braid, intertwine
- verb
- plec-
- 834
- pleu-
- float, sail, swim; soak, make wet
- verb
- pleu-
- 835
- pleumon
- lung (from pleu- ʰto float’)
- noun
- pl(e)u-mon-
- 837
- ploo
- flea
- noun
- plou-
- 102
- plu
- many, much
- quantifier
- pelu-
- 800
- pneu-
- blow
- verb
- pneu-
- 838
- pol
- half; pair
- numeral
- p(o)l-
- GI
- pol
- shield
- noun
- pol-
- GI
- poli
- city, town
- noun
- pel- (p(o)lh-)
- 798
- polt-
- fold
- verb
- p(o)l-t-
- GI
- poo
- few
- quantifier
- po:u-
- 842
- poo-
- drink
- verb
- po:(i)- (po3-)
- 839
- poolo
- foal
- noun
- po:(u)-lo-s (p(o:)lh-)
- 842
- porcho
- piglet
- noun
- porco-s
- 841
- post
- behind
- preposition
- pos (post)
- 841
- poti
- master, sovereign, husband
- noun
- poti-s
- 842
- potni
- lady
- noun
- pot-ni-
- GI
- prech-
- ask
- verb
- prec-
- 821
- preu-
- jump
- verb
- preu-
- GI
- preus
- frost
- noun
- preus-
- 846
- preuso-
- freeze, cold
- verb
- preu-so-
- GI
- pro
- ahead, before
- preposition
- pro
- 813
- pur, pawir
- fire (for cooking)
- noun
- pur (pa2wR)
- 828
- putlo
- boy
- noun
- putlo-s
- R
- puur
- grain; wheat
- noun
- puur-
- GI
R
- raad
- root
- noun
- w(e)ra:d- (wra2d-)
- 1167
- ree
- possessions, property
- noun
- reh(i)
- GI
- ree-
- travel by ship
- verb
- erH- ~ reh-
- GI
- reej
- strong, efficient
- adjective
- rehj-
- GI
- reej-
- break
- verb
- wre:j-
- 1181
- rej
- king
- noun
- re:j-s (3re:j-s)
- 854
- rej
- right, straight
- adjective
- rej- (3Rju-s)
- 854
- rej-
- direct, correct, straighten, even out
- verb
- rej-
- GI
- rej-
- make wet, irrigate
- verb
- rej-
- GI
- rem-
- support
- verb
- rem-
- 864
- ren
- lamb
- noun
- wr-en-
- GI
- ret-
- run, ride, walk
- verb
- ret(h)- (hret-)
- 866
- ret-
- walk
- verb
- ret(h)- (hret-)
- 866
- reu-
- roar
- verb
- reu-j-
- GI
- reudh
- red metal; copper
- noun
- r(e)udʰ-
- GI
- reuth
- red
- adjective
- reudʰ-
- 872
- rod
- rose; wild rose
- noun
- wrod-
- GI
- roto
- wheel
- noun
- roto- (hrot2-)
- 866
- roto-wo
- cart
- noun
- roto- (hrot2-)
- 866
- royko
- heather
- noun
- wroi-ko-
- GI
- rughyo
- grain; rye
- noun
- wrugʰyo-
- 1183
S
- saag-
- recognize by signs; ask (the gods’ will)
- verb
- saag-
- GI
- saag-
- seek
- verb
- sa:g-
- 876
- saimen
- cord, rope
- noun
- s2ime:n
- R
- sak
- holy
- adjective
- sak-
- GI
- sak
- rite
- noun
- sak-
- GI
- sak-
- sanctify
- verb
- sak-
- GI
- sak-
- set apart; sanctify
- verb
- sak-
- 878
- sal
- salt
- noun
- sal- (se2l-)
- 878
- samlu
- tree: apple
- noun
- (s)amlu-
- GI
- saus
- dry
- adjective
- saus-/sus-
- GI
- sawel
- sun
- noun
- sawel- (so2wL)
- 881
- sed-
- set
- verb
- sed-
- 884
- sed- swe
- sit
- verb
- sed-
- 884
- see-
- sow; press into the ground
- verb
- se:(i)- (se1-)
- 889
- see-
- tie, bind, twist
- verb
- seh(i)-
- GI
- see-men
- seed, semen
- noun
- seh(i)-men-
- GI
- seemi
- 1/2
- numeral
- se:m-i-
- 903
- seku/w-
- eye, view
- noun
- se/okʷ-
- GI
- sekw-
- follow
- verb
- se/okʷ-
- GI
- sekw-
- notice
- verb
- se3-
- 897
- sekw-
- see, look; perceive
- verb
- sekʷ-
- 897
- sel
- living space
- noun
- sel-
- GI
- sel-
- take, grab
- verb
- sel-
- 899
- selj-
- hunt
- verb
- selj-
- GI
- selp
- butter; grease, fat
- noun
- selp-
- 901
- sem
- together
- adjective
- sem-
- 902
- sema
- summer
- noun
- sema:-
- 905
- sen
- summer and fall
- noun
- sen-
- GI
- sengw-
- sing
- verb
- sengʷ-
- 906
- seno
- old
- adjective
- sen(o)-
- 906
- sep-
- bury
- verb
- sep-
- GI
- septim
- 7
- numeral
- septM
- 909
- ser-
- protect
- verb
- ser-
- 910
- serk-
- compensate a loss
- verb
- serk-
- GI
- serp
- sickle, implement for harvesting
- noun
- serp-
- GI
- serw-
- take plunder
- verb
- se/orw-
- GI
- seu-
- wring, squeeze out (liquid); press (juice); chase out
- verb
- seu- ~ su-
- GI
- seur
- urine
- noun
- sehur
- GI
- sewi-
- give birth
- verb
- seuh- ~ suh-
- GI
- sezh-
- win, triumph
- verb
- sejʰ-
- 888
- shaiso
- spear
- noun
- jʰaiso-
- 410
- shan-
- yawn
- verb
- jʰan-
- 411
- shans
- bird; goose
- noun
- jʰan-s-
- 412
- shee-
- yawn
- verb
- jʰe:-
- 419
- sheem
- winter
- noun
- jʰei- (jʰeim-)
- 425
- shel
- gall, bile
- noun
- jʰel-
- 429
- shel
- yellow (metal)
- adjective
- jʰel-
- 429
- shem
- person, human being
- noun
- jʰdʰem- (dejʰo:m)
- 414
- sher-
- fence in; encircle, surround
- verb
- jʰer-
- 442
- shers
- grain; barley
- noun
- jʰers-
- 446
- shes
- yesterday
- adverb
- jʰdʰyés
- 416
- shesir
- hand
- noun
- jʰesor- (jʰesR-)
- 447
- sheslo
- 1000
- numeral
- jʰéslo-
- 446
- shleu
- green
- adjective
- jʰleu-
- 433
- shokolat
- chocolate
- noun
- < Nahuatl ʰxocolatlʰ
- IW
- shorna
- gut
- noun
- jʰor-na:
- 443
- shorto
- enclosure
- noun
- jʰor-to-s
- 442
- shuu, dezhu
- fish
- noun
- jʰdʰu:- (djʰuh-s)
- 414
- shwer
- wild animals
- noun
- jʰwer-
- GI
- sinjo
- lion
- noun
- sinjʰo-
- GI
- skei-
- divide, separate
- verb
- skei-
- 919
- skep-
- split with a tool
- verb
- (s)kep-
- 930
- sker
- crooked
- adjective
- sker-
- carve, shear, cut; shave
- verb
- sker-
- 938
- sker/n-
- feces; manure
- noun
- scer/n-(d-)
- GI
- skeu-
- cut, divide, scratch
- verb
- ske:u-
- 954
- slee
- slick
- adjective
- slei-
- 662
- sleeb-
- slip
- verb
- (s)leib-
- 663
- sleedh-
- slide
- verb
- sleidʰ-
- 960
- sme
- very
- adverb
- sme
- 966
- smee-
- smear
- verb
- sme:-
- 966
- smekir
- chin
- noun
- smekr-
- GI
- smer-
- remember
- verb
- (s)mer-
- 969
- smeru
- grease, fat
- noun
- smeru-
- 970
- snaa-
- swim
- verb
- sna:- (sne2-)
- 971
- snee-
- spin (yarn)
- verb
- sneh-(i/u-)
- GI
- sneewir/n-
- bowstring; tendon, sinew
- noun
- sne:w-(e)r- (sne1wR)
- 977
- sner-
- snore
- verb
- sner-
- AHD
- sneuv
- marriage; bride
- noun
- (s)neubʰ-
- GI
- sneuv-
- marry, take as wife
- verb
- sneubʰ-
- 977
- snighu/w-
- snow
- noun
- snigʰʷ-
- 974
- snuso
- daughter-in-law
- noun
- snuso-s
- 978
- so
- 3s
- pronoun
- so
- 978
- sokto-
- guard, take care of (a sick person)
- verb
- sokto-
- GI
- solu/w-
- health
- noun
- sol-(w-)
- GI
- som
- one
- numeral
- se/om-
- GI
- somen
- song, singing
- noun
- shomen-
- GI
- sorw-
- take plunder
- verb
- se/orw-
- GI
- spelsh
- spleen
- noun
- speljʰ-
- GI
- spen-
- spin
- verb
- (s)pen-(d-)
- 988
- spend-
- perform a libation, sprinkle
- verb
- spend-
- GI
- speno
- breast
- noun
- speno- (psteno-s)
- 990
- sperg
- bird; sparrow, starling
- noun
- sper-g-
- GI
- spiko
- bird; woodpecker
- noun
- (s)piko-
- GI
- spingo
- bird; small bird; finch
- noun
- (s)pingo-
- GI
- splei-
- split (tr)
- verb
- splei-
- 1000
- splei- swe
- split (refl)
- verb
- splei-
- 1000
- spreg-
- talk (impromptu activity)
- verb
- (s)p(h)re:g-
- 996
- spyeu-
- spit
- verb
- (s)p(h)ye:u-
- 999
- sreu-
- flow, stream
- verb
- sreu-
- 1003
- sreu-men
- stream
- noun
- sreu-men-
- 1003
- sreu-to
- stream
- noun
- sreu-to-
- 1003
- sriig-
- cold, freeze
- verb
- sriig-
- GI
- staa-
- stand (tr)
- verb
- sta:- (sta2-)
- 1004
- staa- swe
- stand (refl)
- verb
- sta:- (sta2-)
- 1004
- stai
- thief
- noun
- (s)tahi-
- GI
- stai-
- rob, steal; conceal
- verb
- (s)tahi-
- GI
- steb
- stem, trunk
- noun
- steb(ʰ)
- 1011
- steeg
- sharp, sharpened
- adjective
- (s)teig-
- GI
- steeg-
- stab
- verb
- (s)teig-
- GI
- stel-
- place
- verb
- stel-
- 1019
- stemp
- dull
- adjective
- sten-
- thunder
- verb
- (s)ten-
- 1021
- steno
- breast
- noun
- steno- (psteno-s)
- 990
- ster
- star
- noun
- ster- (2ste:r)
- 1027
- ster-
- steal
- verb
- ster-
- 1028
- sterg-
- be sick
- verb
- s(t)erg-
- GI
- steud-
- push, shove
- verb
- steud-
- 1033
- steuro
- steer
- noun
- steu-ro-
- 1010
- streu-
- scatter
- verb
- su
- good
- adjective
- wesu-/su-
- GI
- su
- pig
- noun
- su-s
- 1038
- sunu
- son
- noun
- sunu-s
- 913
- suu
- rain
- noun
- su2-
- R
- suuro
- sour
- adjective
- su:-ro-
- 1039
- swa-
- rain
- verb
- su2-
- R
- swaad
- sugar
- noun
- swa:d-
- 1039
- swaad
- sweet
- adjective
- swa:d-
- 1039
- swe-
- reflexive
- pronoun
- sʷe-
- GI
- swe-dhu
- daughter-in-law
- noun
- swe-lo-
- 1046
- swe-ma
- mother-in-law
- noun
- swe-lo-
- 1046
- swe-pa
- father-in-law
- noun
- swe-lo-
- 1046
- swe-su
- son-in-law
- noun
- swe-lo-
- 1046
- swe-swe
- sister-in-law
- noun
- swe-lo-
- 1046
- swe-vra
- brother-in-law
- noun
- swe-lo-
- 1046
- swekru-dhugater
- daughter-in-law
- noun
- swekru-
- 1043
- swekru-maater
- mother-in-law
- noun
- swekru-
- 1043
- swekru-pater
- father-in-law
- noun
- swekru-
- 1043
- swekru-sunu
- son-in-law
- noun
- swekru-
- 1043
- swekru-swesor
- sister-in-law
- noun
- swekru-
- 1043
- swekru-vraater
- brother-in-law
- noun
- swekru-
- 1043
- sweks
- 6
- numeral
- swecs
- 1044
- swelik
- tree; willow
- noun
- weli-ka: (swVlyk)
- 1140
- swelk
- furrow
- noun
- swelk-
- GI
- swen-to
- strong, healthy
- adjective
- swen-to-
- GI
- swep-
- sleep
- verb
- swep-
- 1048
- swer
- dark color
- adjective
- sʷer-
- GI
- swer
- pole
- noun
- swer-
- 1050
- swesor
- sister
- noun
- swesor- (sueso:r)
- 1051
- sweth
- custom
- noun
- swedʰ-
- 883
- syuu-
- sew
- verb
- syu: (syuh-)
- 915
T
- ta
- that
- pronoun
- to-
- 1086
- taa-
- melt
- verb
- ta:- (ta2-)
- 1053
- tauro
- aurochs; bull, wild bull
- noun
- thuro-s (te2uros)
- 1083
- te
- 2s(o)
- pronoun
- te
- 1097
- te
- this
- pronoun
- to-
- 1086
- tek
- child
- noun
- tʰekʰ-
- GI
- teks-
- compose poetry
- verb
- tecs-
- GI
- teks-
- prepare, weave, braid, work (material), mold
- verb
- tecs-
- GI
- tekw-
- run, flow, rush along
- verb
- tekʷ-
- 1059
- tem
- dirty
- adjective
- tem(h)-
- 1063
- ten-
- stretch
- verb
- ten-
- 1065
- tenu
- thin
- adjective
- tenu-s
- 1069
- tep
- warmth, heat, blaze
- noun
- tep-
- GI
- ter-
- conquer, overcome
- verb
- terh- ~ tRh-
- GI
- ter-
- rub, polish, abrade; drill, bore hole
- verb
- ter-
- GI
- terk-
- twist
- verb
- terk-
- 1077
- ters
- dry
- adjective
- ters-
- 1078
- ters
- dry
- verb
- ters-
- 1078
- teter
- black grouse (?)
- noun
- tet(e)r-
- GI
- teu-t-ono
- leader of a people
- noun
- teu-t-ono-
- GI
- teu-ta
- tribe, people; society
- noun
- teu-ta:-
- 1080
- thanu
- tree; pine, fir
- noun
- tʰanu-
- 234
- the-
- put, place
- verb
- dʰe:- (dʰe1-)
- 235
- the- cherdom
- believe (lit: ʰplace (one’s) heart’)
- verb
- cred-dʰeh-
- GI
- the- chlewom
- acquire glory, fame
- verb
- clewo- dʰeh-
- GI
- the- nomenom
- establish a name; give a name
- verb
- nome/on dʰeh-
- GI
- thee-
- suck; suckle, nurse, give milk
- verb
- dʰe:(i)- (dʰe1-)
- 241
- theem
- pertaining to the ritual establishment
- adjective
- dʰeh-m-
- GI
- thees
- holy
- adjective
- dʰe:s- (dʰe1s-)
- 259
- theesh
- clay; material for pottery
- noun
- dʰeijʰ-
- GI
- theezh-
- mix clay, mold
- verb
- dʰeijʰ-
- GI
- theghw-
- burn (intr); be angry
- verb
- dʰegʰʷ-
- GI
- then-
- flow (of water)
- verb
- dʰen-
- GI
- theu-
- disappear, die (from dʰeu- ʰexhale’)
- verb
- dʰeu-
- GI
- theub
- deep
- adjective
- dʰeu-b-
- 267
- theugh-
- squeeze, give milk
- verb
- dʰeugʰ-
- GI
- theun
- settlement on a hill
- noun
- dʰeun-
- GI
- theus
- asphyxia, breath, breathing; soul
- noun
- dʰeu-(h/s)- ~ dʰu-(h/s)-
- GI
- theus-
- blow, exhale, gasp
- verb
- dʰeu-(h/s)- ~ dʰu-(h/s)-
- GI
- thev(-u)
- small
- adjective
- dʰebʰ-
- GI
- thregh-
- run
- verb
- dʰregʰ-
- 273
- threu-
- run, flow
- verb
- dʰreu-
- 274
- threukh
- friend; comrade (at arms)
- noun
- dʰreugʰ-
- GI
- thrikh
- hair
- noun
- dʰrigʰ-
- 276
- thugater
- daughter
- noun
- dʰug(h)hter (dʰug2te:r)
- 277
- thur
- harness
- noun
- dʰur-
- GI
- thur-
- harness
- verb
- dʰur-
- GI
- thuumo
- smoke
- noun
- dʰu:-mo- (dʰu2mo-s)
- 261
- thwer
- door
- noun
- dʰwer-
- 278
- to
- 3p
- pronoun
- to-
- 1086
- to
- yonder
- pronoun
- to-
- 1086
- tree
- 3
- numeral
- trei-
- 1090
- tree-dechim
- 30
- numeral
- tree-pel
- triple
- verb
- tree
- 1090
- tu
- 2s(s)
- pronoun
- tu (tuh)
- 1097
- twako
- skin
- noun
- twakos
- 1099
- twek
- body; body part; membrane, skin
- noun
- twek-
- GI
U
- udero
- belly
- noun
- udero-
- 1104
- udhir
- weather
- noun
- hw-dʰr-
- GI
- uksen
- bull, ox
- noun
- uks-en-
- 1118
- ulkwo
- wolf
- noun
- wLkʷos
- 1178
- uper
- over
- preposition
- upér
- 1105
- ut
- up, out
- preposition
- ut
- GI
W
- waasto
- empty, devastated
- adjective
- wa:sto-
- GI
- waat
- soothsayer, prophet
- noun
- waat-
- GI
- waat-
- be aroused or inspired to poetic creation; prophesy
- verb
- waat-
- GI
- we
- 1p(s)
- pronoun
- we-
- 1114
- we
- or
- conjunction
- we-
- 75
- wech
- village; a group of houses
- noun
- we/oc-
- GI
- wed
- wet
- adjective
- wed-
- AHD
- wedh-
- lead away, carry off a bride (by force)
- verb
- hwedʰ-(mno-)
- GI
- wedh-
- wed
- verb
- wedʰ-
- 1115
- wedir/n-
- water
- noun
- wed-(r/n-t-) ~ ud-(r/n-t-)
- GI
- wee-
- blow
- verb
- we:- (2we1-)
- 81
- weed
- wolf
- noun
- weid-(n)-
- GI
- weed-
- see
- verb
- weid-
- 1125
- weeno
- wine
- noun
- w(e/o)ino-
- GI
- weewer
- squirrel; small forest mammal
- noun
- we(i)wer-
- GI
- weg
- damp
- adjective
- weghw-
- praise solemnly while making sacrifice
- verb
- heugʰʷ- ~ hwegʰʷ-
- GI
- wei-
- chase
- verb
- wei- (wey1-)
- 1123
- wei-
- twist, plait
- verb
- wei-
- GI
- weku/w-
- voice
- noun
- hwekʷ-
- GI
- wekw-
- speak, talk; compose, praise
- verb
- wekʷ-
- 1135
- wekwos
- word
- noun
- wekʷos-
- 1135
- wel
- pasture, meadow; dwelling of the dead
- noun
- wel
- GI
- wel-
- wish
- verb
- wel-
- 1137
- wem-
- vomit
- verb
- wem-
- 1146
- wend-
- weave, plait
- verb
- wendʰ-
- GI
- went
- wind
- noun
- hwent-
- GI
- wer
- heather
- noun
- wer-
- GI
- wer-
- burn
- verb
- wer-
- GI
- wer-
- defend (oneself), save (oneself), protect (oneself)
- verb
- wer-
- GI
- wer-
- find
- verb
- wer- (wer1-)
- 1160
- wer-
- look, pay attention; to be careful
- verb
- wer-
- GI
- wer-
- turn away
- verb
- wer-
- 1152
- werg-
- serve
- verb
- wwerg-
- AHD
- werj-
- make
- verb
- werj-
- 1168
- wern
- tree: alder, poplar; log, beam, mast
- noun
- wer-n-
- GI
- wers-
- pour, spill
- verb
- wers-
- GI
- wersen
- bull (originally ʰpouring forth semen’)
- noun
- wers-en- ~ wRs-en-
- GI
- wert
- wheel, circle; cart
- noun
- hwer-t- ~ hwer-jʰ-
- GI
- wert-
- rotate, turn
- verb
- hwer-t- ~ hwer-jʰ-
- GI
- wes-
- be, exist, become (animate)
- verb
- hwes-
- GI
- wes-
- clothe oneself
- verb
- wes-
- 1172
- wes-
- dress
- verb
- wes-
- GI
- wes-
- dwell, stay
- verb
- (a)wes- (2wes-)
- 72, 1170
- wes-
- wear
- verb
- wes-
- 1172
- wesir/n-
- spring and summer
- noun
- wesr-/n-
- GI
- wesno
- price, trade, value
- noun
- ues-no-
- 1173
- wesperos
- evening
- noun
- wesperos
- 1173
- wesperos
- west
- noun
- wesperos
- 1173
- wester
- shepherd, herder
- noun
- wes-ter-
- GI
- wesu
- good
- adjective
- wesu-
- 1174
- wet
- year
- noun
- wet-
- 1175
- weto
- old
- adjective
- weto-
- GI
- wev-
- braid, tie, twist, weave
- verb
- webʰ-
- 1114
- wezh-
- ride, carry (in a vehicle)
- verb
- wejʰ-
- 1118
- wezh-o
- cart, wagon
- noun
- wejʰ-o-
- GI
- wi
- twice
- numeral
- wi-
- 1176
- wich
- household; village
- noun
- uic-
- 1131
- wichimti
- 20
- numeral
- wi-cMt-í (wícMti1)
- 1177
- wichimti-oyno
- 21
- numeral
- widheu
- widow
- noun
- widʰewa: (widʰeu-)
- 1127
- wiis
- power
- noun
- wís- (wihs)
- 1123
- wiis-wo
- powerful
- adjective
- wís- (wihs)
- 1123
- wiks
- mistletoe
- noun
- wiks-
- GI
- wilkwos
- wolf
- noun
- wLkʷos
- 1178
- wilna
- wool
- noun
- wL-na:-
- 1139
- wilp
- wolf
- noun
- wLp-
- GI
- wir
- people
- noun
- wir
- GI
- wirmo
- worm
- noun
- wRmi- ~ wRmo-
- GI
- wiro
- man
- noun
- wiro-s (uihro-)
- 1177
- wirsen
- male
- adjective
- wRsen-
- 81
- wobsa
- wasp
- noun
- wobʰsaa-
- GI
- wodir
- water
- noun
- wedo:r (wodR)
- 78
- woghwoni
- plow
- verb
- wogʰʷoni-
- GI
- woid-
- know, understand
- verb
- woid-
- 1125
- wos
- 2p(o)
- pronoun
- wos-
- 513
- wos-
- buy, sell
- verb
- we/os-(n-)
- GI
Y
- yaa-
- ride, travel; journey
- verb
- yah-
- GI
- yaam
- already
- adverb
- ya:m
- 285
- yeek-
- do
- verb
- ye:k-
- 502
- yeek-
- treat, cure
- verb
- yehk- ~ yHk-
- GI
- yeg
- cold, ice
- noun
- yeg-
- 503
- yekwir/n-
- liver
- noun
- yekʷ-R
- 504
- yeniter
- husbandʰs brother’s wife
- noun
- (y)enHter-
- GI
- yeu
- young
- adjective
- yeu-
- 510
- yeu-
- bind, yoke; wed
- verb
- yeu-g-
- 508
- yev
- elephant; ivory
- noun
- yebʰ-
- GI
- yev-
- copulate
- verb
- eibʰ- ~ yebʰ-
- GI
- yewo
- establishment, ritual rule, ritual norm
- noun
- yewo-
- GI
- yewo
- grain; barley
- noun
- yewo-
- 512
- yewo
- grain; wheat
- noun
- yewo ((h)ieu-)
- 512
- yewos
- law
- noun
- yewos-
- 512
- yos-
- gird (oneself)
- verb
- (h)ie3s
- B
- yos-men
- belt
- noun
- yo:s-men- (yo3s-)
- 513
- yu
- 2p(s)
- pronoun
- yu- (yuh)
- 513
- yugom
- yoke
- noun
- yukʰom
- GI
- yuus
- (meat) soup, broth
- noun
- yu:s- (yuhs)
- 507