Ilya
- See also: Ilya dictionary
- See also: Ilya phrases
introduction
Ilya is an artlang designed for aesthetic reasons. It borrows heavily (if not exclusively) from Arabic, Basque, Japanese, Quechua, Spanish, and Turkish.
sounds
| Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Labiovelar | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosives | p b | t d | k g | ʔ (q) | ||
| Nasals | m | n | ||||
| Fricatives | s | ʃ (sh) | ||||
| Approximants | l | j (y) | w | h | ||
| Trill | r |
Note: The glottal stop /ʔ/ q, is used as a "buffer" to keep vowels apart when adding suffixes.
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i~ɪ | u~ʊ | |
| Mid | e~ɛ | o | |
| Open | a~ə |
nouns
number
Nouns are commonly preceded by determiners. Plural nouns are formed by appending -im. Dual nouns are formed by appending -ik. Trial nouns are formed by appending -ur. This does not alter the stress:
gender
case
nominative
The basic form of each noun, and the one cited in dictionaries, is the nominative singular. All the other forms can be derived from it.
oblique
- -o / -wa
- beto - the house, to the house, etc.
genitive
The genitive for possessors (the horse's hay), composition (a meal of hay), and partiality (the horse ate some hay).
- -ai / -ya
- munwa betai - the door of the house
locative
The locative case is used for:
- location (... 'in the ocean'; ... 'in the city')
- placement in time (... 'at night'; ... 'in the winter')
- -(u)sh / -da
- betush - in, at, on the house
instrumental
The instrumental expresses what an action is performed with. An important use of the instrumental is as an adverbial, since Ilya lacks a morphological adverb.
- -ak / -ha
- betak - using; with the house
degree
pronouns
| nominative | accusative | genitive | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1s | -an | ayan | nai |
| 2s | -ti / -e | eti / aye | tiya |
| 3s | -u / -a | aya | ai |
| 1p | -uk | ayuk | kai |
| 2p | -ut | ayut | tai |
| 3p | -um | ayum | mai |
case
demonstrative
prepositions
adjectives
comparison
numbers
| Ilya | number | English | Ilya | number | English | Ilya | number | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| nul | 0 | zero | sha | 6 | six | kishada | 500 | five hundred |
| wa | 1 | one | seb | 7 | seven | hesha | 103 | (one) thousand |
| ni | 2 | two | oka | 8 | eight | dahesh | 104 | ten thousand |
| ush | 3 | three | nen | 9 | nine | sadahesh | 105 | (one) hundred thousand |
| ha | 4 | four | da | 10 | ten | |||
| kish | 5 | five | sada | 100 | (one) hundred |
ordinal
questions
verbs
tense
aspect
mood
special verbs
syntax
- da / ush - Locative [LOC]
- ha / ak - Instrumental [INSTR]
- em - interrogative [Q]
- ey - accusative [ACC]
- ib - dative [DAT]
- im / m - plural [PL]
- ur - remote tense [REM]
- ya / ai - Genitive [GEN]
- eyem - food; sustenance
- iyib - heart
- sha - six; 6
- da - ten; 10
- ha - four; 4
- hesha - thousand; 1000
- kish - five; 5
- nen - nine; 9
- ni - two; 2
- nul - zero; 0
- oka - eight; 8
- ush - three; 3
- sada - hundred; 100
- seb - seven; 7
- uk - we; us
- um - they; them
- u / a / il - he; she; it
- ut - you [pl]
- ti / e - you
- da-ra - give; donate; transfer
- hab-ra - like; enjoy
- nap-ra - listen; hear
- pan-ek - stagger; stumble; totter
- ash-ek - want; desire
- em-ek - ask; request
- sob-ra - collect; gather
- suh-ek - hang; suspend
- yib-ra - pump
examples
- ray-an-ti
- see-1s-2s
- I see you
- ne shab-an
- NEG know-1s
- I don't know
- ma ed-e
- what do-2s
- What are you doing?
- ish-esh-em-il-u
- drink-PST-Q-3s-3s
- Did she drink it?
- bet-im-wa kai ker-um
- houe-PL-OBL 1p.poss red-3p
- Our houses are red
