User:Masako/pataka

Nouns (noma)

gender (saka)

• -ta (from tlaka; man, male) masculine; umata - horse-MASC - stallion
• -na (from naka; woman, female) feminine; umana - horse-FEM - mare

number (uku)

• -m general plural; tlakam - man-PL - men
• -lo general plural (when the last syllable begins with m; yamalo - mountain-PL - mountains
• tli- collective plural; tlimita - COL-dog - a pack of dogs

pronouns (nkalo)

• na - 1sg - I, me
• ta - 2sg - you
• ha - 3sg - he, she
• tla - 4sg - it, that (inanimate objects, abstract concepts)

• na’am - 1pl.EXCL - we (but not you)
• kam - 3pl - they, them

• -m - plural marker
• -nku - reciprocal marker
• e- - patient marker
• -i - reflexive marker
• -yo - possessive marker

Verbs (uati)

tense (eme)

• -ye past tense

na inaye

1sg eat-PST

I ate

• -tli future tense

na inatli

1sg eat-FUT

I will eat

aspect (ti’a)

• -pua perfective

na inapua

1sg eat-PFV

I have eaten

• -nko continuous

na inanko

1sg eat-CONT

I am eating

• -mu inchoative (inceptive)

na inamu

1sg eat-INCH

I am beginning to eat

mood (toka)

• -k / -nke negative

na inak

1sg eat-NEG

I do not eat

• kya imperative

kya ina

IMP eat

Eat!

Adjectives (keyo)

• There are no adjectives, as such, in Kala. Those notions expressed as adjectives in English (such as big, tired) are expressed by verbs in Kala (be big, be tired). A verb expressing a state or quality can be used immediately following a noun to modify that noun.

• mita tsanka

dog tire/be.tired

The dog is tired

• tsaka taha

house big/be.big

The house is big