Solaric

Solaric Slayeg
Spoken in:	North America c. AD 4000
Timeline/Universe:	TaylorS's Eridanian Universe
Total speakers:	Approx. 200 million
Genealogical classification:	Indo-European Germanic West Germanic Anglic American Solaric
Basic word order:	SVO
Morphological type:	agglutinating
Morphosyntactic alignment:	Split-Ergative
Created by:
Taylor Selseth	2010-

Solaric is an Anglic Language spoken predominantly in North America, centered along the middle and upper Mississippi River valley, the Ohio and Missouri River valleys, the American High Plains, the central Rockies, Pittsburgh, and the central Atlantic coast from Washington to New York. Solaric dialects are also spoken in many orbital colonies and on Luna.

Phonology

Syllable structure is (F)(C)(C)(F|L|N|w|y)V(C)(C)

Every word is mildly stressed and pitch-accented on the ultimate, penultimate, or antepenultimate syllable, whichever is heaviest because of vowel length and coda consonants.

Consonants

	Labial	Labio-Dental	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Plosives, lenis	p b		t d	ʧ j	k g
Plosives, fortis	pʰ p		tʰ t	ʧʰ c	kʰ k
Nasals, voiced	m m		n n
Nasals, unvoiced	m̥ mh		n̥ nh
Fricatives, unvoiced		f f	s s	ʃ sh		h h
Fricatives, voiced		v v	z z	ʒ zh	ɣ r
Laterals			ɫ l ɬˠ lh
Trills			r rr
Semivowels	w w			j y

Only lenis plosives occur in the syllable coda. /r/ is realized as a flap intervocalically. /n/ assimilates to the point of articulation of a following consonant. /ɣ/ devoices when following a fortis or ejective stop.

Vowels

Oral Short

	Front	Front Rounded	Central	Back	Diphthongs
High	i i	y ü		u u
Mid-High	e e	ø ö		o o
Mid-Low	ɛ è			ɔ ò	ɛu eu ɔi oi
Low			a a

Oral Long

	Front	Front Rounded	Central	Back
High	iː ii	yː üü		uːː uu
Mid	eː ee			oː oo
Low			aː aa

Nasal

	Front	Front Rounded	Central	Back	Diphthongs
Mid-High	e eng	ø öng		o ong
Mid-Low	ɛ èng			ɔ òng	ɛu eung ɔi oing
Low			a ang

Morphology

Noun Phrase Morphology

Adjectives agree with their nouns in case and number. Case stacking occurs so that nouns in a non-core case modifying another noun agrees with that noun. Prepositions are also inflected for number and case agreement.

Basic Noun Phrase structure

QUANTIFIER NEG-NUMBER-CASE-INDEF-NOUN NUMBER-CASE-COMPARISON-ADJ

Case Prefixes

Nominative-Absolutive: Ø-
Accusative-Ergative: ad-

Marking is Split-Ergative, NOM-ACC is used when the subject is animate while ERG-ABS is used when the subject is inanimate and when the passive voice is used.

Genitive: ee-(Consonant Root)/èv-(Vowel Root)

Marks possession, participation, composition, origin, reference, and description.

Dative: ta-(Consonant Root)/t-(Vowel Root)

Marks the indirect object.

Benifactive: fwo-(Consonant Root)/for-(Vowel Root)

Marks the beneficiary of an action.

Locative: 'n-

Marks location

Number & Definiteness

Singular Definite: -Ø
Singular Indefinite: -sm-
Dual Definite: -tü-
Dual Indefinite: -snü-
Plural Definite: -mye-
Plural Indefinite: -smye-

Mass nouns are always marked as Singular Indefinite

Adjective Morphology

Comparative: -moo-(Consonant Root)/-mor-(Vowel Root)
Superlative: -mös-

Verb Morphology

Preceding the Verb

Free Adverb

Slot 1: Subject Agreement

1SG: aa-

2SG: yü-

3SG: hi- (Animate)/-ye- (Inanimate)

1PL: wi-

2PL: yoo-

3PL: dè-

Slot 2: Interrogation

Animate Interrogative: -hü-

Inanimate Interrogative: -wè'-

Slot 3: Tense

Standard 3-tense distinction

Present: -Ø-

Past: -dye-

Future: -nè-

Slot 4: Mood

Indicative: -Ø-

Used for factual statements

Subjunctive: -shu-

Used for probability, possibility, or uncertainty.

Conditional: -ke-

Used for hypotheticals.

Obligative: -goi-

Used for demands and statements of obligations.

Optative: -woi-

Used for statements of wishing, wanting, or desiring something to happen.

Slot 5: Core Aspect

Verbs are either inherently active (are an action) or stative (are a state of being). Only active verbs can have habitual aspect.

Active Habitual: -Ø-

Active Imperfect: -bi

Active Perfect: -ven-

Stative Imperfect: -Ø-

Stative Perfect: -v-

The Habitual is used when the verb occurs on a regular basis. The Imperfect is used for unfolding actions while the Perfect is used for denoting completion.

Slot 6: Voice

Active Voice: -Ø-

Passive Voice: -gee

The passive voice demotes the Agent and makes the Patient the subject. the special case marker boi- is only used with the passive voice Agent.

Slot 7: Verbal Negation

Negative: -n

Slot 8: Non-Core Aspect

Causative: -mayi-

Inchoative: -ssaa-

Resumptive: -kepn-

Slot 9:Adverbal prefix

Slot 10: Derivational Prefixes

Slot 11: Verb Root

Slot 12: Non-productive derivational suffixes derived from prepositions and adverbs used in English Phrasal Verbs.

Slot 13: Object Agreement

1SG: -mi

2SG: -yü

3SG: -em- (Animate)/-ye- (Inanimate)

1PL: -us

2PL: -yoo

3PL: -em

Non-finite verbs

Active Particle: -n-

Stative Participle: -d-/-ad-()

The active participle is also used as a gerund and plays the role of an infinitive. They are inflected like nouns when used as a noun and like adjectives when they are used like adjectives.

Syntax

The basic unmarked word order is:

A-V-P-R

Where A is the agent or experiencer, V is the verb, P is the patient, R is the recipient of a ditransitive verb.

The order of prepositional phrases follows the Place, Time, Manner pattern.