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| <h1>Nouns (noma)</h1> | | <h1>Pronunciation</h1> |
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| <h2>gender (saka)</h2> | | <h1>Writing</h1> |
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| * <b>-ta</b> (from <b>tlaka</b>; man, male) masculine; <b>umata</b> - horse-MASC - <i>stallion</i>
| | <h2>punctuation</h2> |
| * <b>-na</b> (from <b>naka</b>; woman, female) feminine; <b>umana</b> - horse-FEM - <i>mare</i>
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| <h2>number (uku)</h2> | | <h1>Words and word classes</h1> |
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| * <b>-m</b> general plural; <b>tlakam</b> - man-PL - <i>men</i>
| | <h2>articles</h2> |
| * <b>-lo</b> general plural (when the last syllable begins with <b>m</b>; <b>yamalo</b> - mountain-PL - <i>mountains</i>
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| * <b>tli-</b> collective plural; <b>tlimita</b> - COL-dog - <i>a pack of dogs</i>
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| <h2>pronouns (nkalo)</h2> | | <h2>verbs</h2> |
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| * <b>na</b> - 1sg - <i>I, me</i>
| | <h2>nouns</h2> |
| * <b>ta</b> - 2sg - <i>you</i>
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| * <b>ha</b> - 3sg - <i>he, she</i>
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| * <b>tla</b> - 4sg - <i>it, that</i> (inanimate objects, abstract concepts)
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| * <b>na’am</b> - 1pl.EXCL - <i>we (but not you)</i>
| | <h2>adjectives</h2> |
| * <b>kam</b> - 3pl - <i>they, them</i>
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| * <b>-m</b> - plural marker
| | <h2>adverbs</h2> |
| * <b>-nku</b> - reciprocal marker
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| * <b>e-</b> - patient marker
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| * <b>-i</b> - reflexive marker
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| * <b>-yo</b> - possessive marker
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| <h1>Verbs (uati)</h1> | | <h2>particles</h2> |
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| <h2>tense (eme)</h2> | | <h2>affixes</h2> |
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| * <b>-ye</b> past tense
| | <h2>compound words</h2> |
| : <b>na inaye</b>
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| : 1sg eat-PST
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| : <i>I ate</i>
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| * <b>-tli</b> future tense
| | <h1>Sentence Structure</h1> |
| : <b>na inatli</b>
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| : 1sg eat-FUT
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| : <i>I will eat</i>
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| <h2>aspect (ti’a)</h2> | | <h2>word order</h2> |
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| * <b>-pua</b> perfective
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| : <b>na inapua</b>
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| : 1sg eat-PFV
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| : <i>I have eaten</i>
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| * <b>-nko</b> continuous
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| : <b>na inanko</b>
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| : 1sg eat-CONT
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| : <i>I am eating</i>
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| * <b>-mu</b> inchoative (inceptive)
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| : <b>na inamu</b>
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| : 1sg eat-INCH
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| : <i>I am beginning to eat</i>
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| <h2>mood (toka)</h2>
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| * <b>-k</b> / <b>-nke</b> negative
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| : <b>na inak</b>
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| : 1sg eat-NEG
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| : <i>I do not eat</i>
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| * <b>kya</b> imperative
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| : <b>kya ina</b>
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| : IMP eat
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| : <i>Eat!</i>
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| <h1>Adjectives (keyo)</h1>
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| * There are no adjectives, as such, in Kala. Those notions expressed as adjectives in English (such as big, tired) are expressed by verbs in Kala (<i>be big, be tired</i>). A verb expressing a state or quality can be used immediately following a noun to modify that noun.
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| * <b>mita tsanka</b>
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| : dog tire/be.tired
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| : <i>The dog is tired</i>
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| * <b>tsaka taha</b>
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| : house big/be.big
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| : <i>The house is big</i>
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| <h1>Adverbs (pusa)</h1>
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