Proto-Uralic/distribution

Missing in 0-1 branches

Found in all branches
pronouns: *ku- "who", *me- "1PP", *mi- "what", *minä ¹ "1PS", *to "that" basic verbs: *elä- ² "to live", *kalə- "to die", *kaĺa- "to disappear", *ńalə- "to lick", *ńälə- "to swallow", *puna- "to plait", *ujə- "to swim" body parts: *künčə ³ "nail", *mëksa "liver", *sënə "vein", *sülə "bosom", *śilmä "eye", *śɜðäm(ə) "heart" other nouns: *ëla "low", *ńëlə "arrow", *nimə "name", *pälä ⁴ "half", *pesä "nest", *purkə ⁵ "blizzard", #wäśkä "metal" etc: *kuma- "overturned", #kɜk/ttA "2", #wittə "5"	Ms. *äm, Hu. én questionable Mo. *eŕa- irregular Smy. *kəčä irregular S. *pealē irregular Hu. forr "to boil" questionable
Found everywhere except Samoyedic
numerals: #kormɜ "3", #kuwtə "6", *ńeljä "4", *śëta "100" others: *jäŋə "ice", *jećə ¹ "soul", *kälä- "to wade", *kätə "hand", *keččä ² "ring", *kerə "skin", #kuwlə- "to hear", *tälwə "winter", *sükśə "autumn", *śarw/pə "horn", *wajə "butter", *wäkə "power", *werə "blood", *wɜðɜm "marrow"	¹ K. ać unclear ² Mo. či "sun" unclear
Found everywhere except Khanty
*lämə "broth"
Found everywhere except Hungarian
#kowsə "spruce", *ĺëmə "bird cherry", *poŋə "bosom", *porə- "to bite", *wü/ilɜ "upper"
Found everywhere except Permic
*joŋsə "bow", *kala "fish", *muna "egg", *śinśä ¹ "inside"	¹ Kh. *ćuućii unclear
Found everywhere except Mari
*pelə- "to fear", *tulka ¹ "feather", *tu/üĺkA "prod",	¹ F. *sulka?!
Found everywhere except Mordvinic
*kunśə(-) "(to) pee", *menə- "to go", *pončə "tail", #sɜja "sleeve"¹, *śälə- "to cut"	¹ F. hija unclear
Found everywhere except Finnic
*ipsə/ä- "(to) smell", #sejə "pus"	¹ Mo. unclear
Found everywhere except Samic
*küńä "elbow", *piŋə ¹ "tooth", *walə- "to be"	¹ Smy. *pəj "flint" unclear

Missing in 2 branches

(63 roots)

	Finnic	Mordvinic	Mari	Permic	Hungarian	Mansi	Khanty	Samoyedic
Samic	*kuńa- "to blink"	*täwðə "full" (Ma. irreg.)	*sewə- "to eat"		*lowə "bone" *pAnə- "to put"		*wetə "water"	*kiwə "stone" *sula- "to melt"
Finnic			*ëńa "aunt" *soŋə- "to go thru"	*këččə "bitter" *ńërə "cartilage"		*oŋə "mouth" (?)		*mälkə "breast" *peljä "ear"
Mordv.			*mińä "dtr-in-law" *pura "bore" *pušə- "to blow"	*ëppə "pa-in-law" *śojə(-) "(to) sound" *śowə "mouth"	*suxə- "to row" *sɜnśɜ- "to stand"		*jɜxə- "to drink"	*puća- "to squeeze" (Ma. irreg.) *tärä "root"
Mari				*nüðə "handle" (H. irreg.) *pala "bit"	*enä "big" (P. irreg.) *jëka- "to divide" *karə "crust" *kälə "tongue" *mexə- "to sell" #näjə "girl, woman"	*kulkə- "to go"		*ćäŋkə- "to cut" (Mo. irreg.) #kiśkä- "to rip" *kulə- "to run out" *näkə- "to see" *omtə "cavity" *śëlka "pole" *ü/ejə "night"
Permic					*kanta- "to carry" *sala- "to steal" *śüĺə "coal"	#wiŋü "son-in-law" (messy!)		*pućka "shit" (F. irreg.) *wëlka- "to leave"
Hung.						*ëkta- "to put"	#kośkə "dry" *śečä "uncle"	*śepä "neck" *śëmə "scales" *śoð(ka) "goldeneye" *śülkə "spit"
Mansi							*kajwa- "to dig" (S. irreg.) *lomə "snow" (H. q:ble) *te- "2PP" *tinä "2PS"	*kota "house" *pilwə "cloud" *śalə "intestine" (H. q:ble)
Khanty								*miŋä "behind"

Totals

S	F	Mo	Ma	P	H	Ms	Kh	Smy
8	8	12	22	13	20	11	9	23

Correlations

	F	Mo	Ma	P	H	Ms	Kh	Smy
S	1	1	1	0	2	0	1	2
F		0	2	2	0	1	0	2
Mo			3	3	2	0	1	2
Ma				2	6	1	0	7
P					3	1	0	2
H						1	2	4
Ms							4	3
Kh								1

Missing in 3 branches

(62 roots)

*čača- "to be born" (S F H, or with F *sato "crops"?) *aðəma "sleep" (S F Smy) *kojəra "male animal", *sälɜ- "to load", *warə "mountain" (S Mo Ma) *pata "pot" (S Mo P) *kütkə- "to tie" (S Mo H) *kama "crust" (messy!), *üćä "small" (S Mo Kh) *täjə "louse" (S Mo Smy) *šiŋərə "mouse" (S Ma Smy) *totkə "tench" (S P Kh) *aśkəl "step" (S H Kh) *käjä "moth", *pićlä ~ *pećrä "rowan", *śawə "clay" (S H Smy) #küjə "adder", *mośkə- "to wash" (S Ms Kh) *ńälmä "tongue" (F Mo P) *ńëkćəm "gills", *wanča- "to go carefully" (F Mo H) #läpðä "spleen" (F Mo Ms) *soskə- "to chew", *ulkə "pole" (F Ma H) *čaŋa- "to hit" (F P H) *ńärə "nose" (F H Ms) *panča- "to open" (F H Smy) *ćappa- "to hit" (F Kh Smy) #kïra- "to curse", *woča "fish trap" (Mo Ma P) *käwðə "rope", *parwə "raft" (Mo Ma H) *kixə- "to rut", *(ń)imə- "to suck" (Mo Ma Ms) *wolka "shoulder" (Mo Ma Kh) *kolɜ "hole", *lewlə "soul", #wïča- "to scrape" (Mo Ma Smy) *ëptə "hair" (Mo P H) #lïntɜ "bird" (Mo P Smy) *siwə "year ring" (Mo H Kh; S. irreg.) *läppä "cover", *śänä ~ *śenä "mushroom" (Mo H Smy) #üwä "belt" (Mo Ms Kh) *mu- "other" (Mo Kh Smy) *toxə- "to bring" (Ma P H) *tekə- "to do" (Ma P Smy) *kälü "sis-in-law", *šarəwa "dry" (Ma H Ms) *laśkɜ- "to let go", *tarkə- "to tremble" (Ma H Smy) *säppä "gall", *päŋə "head", *waja- "to sink" (Ma Kh Smy) *marja "berry" (P H Smy) *ićä "father; big" (P Kh Smy) *lëmtə "land", *no- "those", *ora "squirrel" (H Ms Kh) *läktə- "to depart" (H Ms Smy) *loŋə- "to throw" (messy!), *penä "dog", *woĺə "new" (Ms Kh Smy)

Totals S F Mo Ma P H Ms Kh Smy 18 12 29 25 12 29 16 21 27 Correlations F Mo Ma P H Ms Kh Smy S 2 8 4 2 6 2 6 6 F 4 2 2 8 2 1 3 Mo 13 6 9 4 6 8 Ma 4 9 4 4 10 P 4 0 2 4 H 7 5 10 Ms 9 4 Kh 9