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Conlang Relay 18/Skerre: Difference between revisions

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===Morphological Constructions===
===Morphological Constructions===
 
{|
*tin- + N-stem             'Ns, collection of Ns'            (collective plural)
! Form              !! English gloss          !! Grammatical Term
*wa-/wat- + N-stem    'have N'                                  (verbalizer)                
|-
*N-word + -sa             'his, her, its N'           (3sg possessor)
|tin- + N-stem || 'Ns, collection of Ns'|| (collective plural)
*sii- + V-stem               'Ving, Vation'                        ('action' nominalizer)
|-
*ts-  + V-stem              'thing that Vs'                       ('patient' nominalizer)
|wa-/wat- + N-stem || 'have N' || (verbalizer)
**A stem-initial s- or h- is absorbed into the -s- of this prefix
|-
*rii- + V-stem               'make V, cause to V'           (causative)
| N-word + -sa      || 'his, her, its N' || (3sg possessor)
*kee- + V-stem           'get V'd, V oneself'               (anticausative)
|-
** This turns an externally-caused event into an internally-caused one                            
| sii- + V-stem  || 'Ving, Vation' || ('action' nominalizer)
*V-stem + -(i)n            VFIN form                              (finite verb)
|-
** If the vowel in the syllable preceding the affix would otherwise be long, it is short before this suffix
| ts-  + V-stem || 'thing that Vs' ||  ('patient' nominalizer)
** Without a prefix signifying tense, aspect, or mood, the VFIN form has a general aspectual interpretation (somewhat similar to the English present tense)
|-
** Without a person-marking suffix, the VFIN form is interpreted as having a 3SG subject
| colspan="3" |
*se- + VFIN form            'Ved'                (perfective aspect)
* A stem-initial s- or h- is absorbed into the -s- of this prefix
*ka- + VFIN form            'be Ving'         (progressive aspect)
|-
|rii- + V-stem || 'make V, cause to V'|| (causative)
|-
|kee- + V-stem || 'get V'd, V oneself' || (anticausative)
|-
|colspan="3"|
* This turns an externally-caused event into an internally-caused one  
|-                         
|V-stem + -(i)n || VFIN form ||  (finite verb)
|-
| colspan="3" |
* If the vowel in the syllable preceding the affix would otherwise be long, it is short before this suffix
* Without a prefix signifying tense, aspect, or mood, the VFIN form has a general aspectual interpretation (somewhat similar to the English present tense)
* Without a person-marking suffix, the VFIN form is interpreted as having a 3SG subject
|
|-
|se- + VFIN form || 'Ved' || (perfective aspect)
|-
|ka- + VFIN form || 'be Ving' || (progressive aspect)
|}


===Syntax===
===Syntax===

Latest revision as of 08:51, 11 May 2013

The Skerre Text

Se’eran a sakar riitoso a roohina. Riiheran a kihan e tswanet wateson. Risan a rohas e quenos sawa kihan. Keeriihaton a eson, ire te hasin hiyos. Hantsarin tsa sakar a tsahi ye teen ir keeriiwatayonin a sisa-sa. Ona sekeeyowarin a eson sawa sii’erek ne tintsaka i yiket. Keeriiheran sawa tinkotsiyok ir kiyes ka’antanen, yaatse sesiisan a sakar ye teen.

Grammatical Notes

Morphological Constructions

Form English gloss Grammatical Term
tin- + N-stem 'Ns, collection of Ns' (collective plural)
wa-/wat- + N-stem 'have N' (verbalizer)
N-word + -sa       'his, her, its N' (3sg possessor)
sii- + V-stem   'Ving, Vation' ('action' nominalizer)
ts- + V-stem  'thing that Vs' ('patient' nominalizer)
  • A stem-initial s- or h- is absorbed into the -s- of this prefix
rii- + V-stem 'make V, cause to V' (causative)
kee- + V-stem 'get V'd, V oneself' (anticausative)
  • This turns an externally-caused event into an internally-caused one
V-stem + -(i)n  VFIN form (finite verb)
  •  If the vowel in the syllable preceding the affix would otherwise be long, it is short before this suffix
  • Without a prefix signifying tense, aspect, or mood, the VFIN form has a general aspectual interpretation (somewhat similar to the English present tense)
  • Without a person-marking suffix, the VFIN form is interpreted as having a 3SG subject
se- + VFIN form 'Ved' (perfective aspect)
ka- + VFIN form  'be Ving' (progressive aspect)

Syntax

  • Head-initial: verbs, nouns, prepositions all precede their arguments.
    • Most modifiers are also after verbs, nouns, etc. but some are before
    • Sentential connectives (coordinators, subordinators) all precede the sentence they go with
  • If subject marking is found in a clause, it will be suffixed to either the clause-initial verb or to the first of any number of adverbials preceding the first verb of the clause
  • The 'with' preposition is used as a coordinator with nominal phrases
  • Skerre has ergative alignment with "full NPs", but accusative alignment with pronominal affixes
  • Skerre verbs are known for their "quirky" case assignment, so you might find that a Skerre preposition may seem superfluous (from the standpoint of the English translation) or should be translated in a way that appears to contradict the glossary translation.
  • See my website for additional and/or supplementary information. In cases where the website and these notes disagree, take the notes here as correct.

Glossary

  • a - absolutive preposition
  • aka - do
  • antane - disappear, be gone
  • ayon - red
  • e - of the
  • era - begin, start, commence
  • erek - be proud
  • eson - spirit, demon
  • hantsar - serve, give food to, give drink to
  • hasin - surface, slab, tabletop
  • hato - be visible
  • hera - move, go
  • hiyos - white
  • i - of
  • ir - and
  • ire - sit
  • kihan - arm
  • kiyes - while, when
  • kotsiyok - untruth
  • ne - with the
  • ona - but
  • quenos - smoke
  • risa - spew, spurt
  • rohas - cloud, plume, billow
  • roohina - shrine, temple, area of religious significance
  • sahi - drink
  • sakar - child
  • sawa - from the
  • sisa - face
  • te - at the, in the, on the
  • teen - him, her, it (general use 3SG independent pronoun)
  • toso - wake up, rise (from sleep)
  • tsa - ergative preposition
  • wanet - worship, idolize (has negative connotations)
  • yaatse - only, just
  • ye - to, towards, into
  • yiket - all, everyone
  • yowar - forget

Smooth English Translation

The child began to awaken the shrine. S/he moved the arm of the spirit-idol. A cloud of smoke billowed from the arm. A spirit appeared, sitting on a white slab. The child served a drink to it and its face turned red. But the spirit had been forgotten due to everyone's pride and habits. It was removed by [these] falsehoods and, when it disappeared, the child only smiled at it.