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Tilde: Difference between revisions

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== Tilde in Unicode ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Characters with Tilde
| style="font-size:180%" | ~ || style="font-size:180%" | ˜ || style="font-size:180%" |​ ◌̃ || style="font-size:180%" | Ã || style="font-size:180%" | ã || style="font-size:180%" | Ẫ || style="font-size:180%" | ẫ || style="font-size:180%" | Ẵ || style="font-size:180%" | ẵ || style="font-size:180%" | Ẽ || style="font-size:180%" | ẽ || style="font-size:180%" | Ễ || style="font-size:180%" | ễ
|-
| U+007E || U+02DC || U+0303 ||​ U+00C3 || U+00E3 ||​ U+1EAA || U+1EAB || U+1EB4 || U+1EB5 || U+1EBC || U+1EBD || U+1EC4 || U+1EC5
|-
| Tilde || Small Tilde || Combining Tilde || Latin Capital Letter A With Tilde || Latin Small Letter A With Tilde || Latin Capital Letter A With Circumflex And Tilde || Latin Small Letter A With Circumflex And Tilde || Latin Capital Letter A With Breve And Tilde || Latin Small Letter A With Breve And Tilde || Latin Capital Letter E With Tilde || Latin Small Letter E With Tilde || Latin Capital Letter E With Circumflex And Tilde || Latin Small Letter E With Circumflex And Tilde
|-
| '''Note:''' May be confused with swung dash, ⁓ (U+2053). || || || || || || || || || || || ||
|-
| style="font-size:180%" | Ĩ || style="font-size:180%" | ĩ || style="font-size:180%" | Ñ || style="font-size:180%" | ñ || style="font-size:180%" | Õ || style="font-size:180%" | õ || style="font-size:180%" | Ȭ || style="font-size:180%" | ȭ || style="font-size:180%" | Ṍ || style="font-size:180%" | ṍ || style="font-size:180%" | Ṏ || style="font-size:180%" | ṏ || style="font-size:180%" | Ỗ
|-
| U+0128 || U+0129 ||​ U+00D1 || U+00F1 || U+00D5 || U+00F5 || U+022C || U+022D || U+1E4C || U+1E4D || U+1E4E || U+1E4F || U+1ED6
|-
| Latin Capital Letter I With Tilde || Latin Small Letter I With Tilde || Latin Capital Letter N With Tilde || Latin Small Letter N With Tilde || Latin Capital Letter O With Tilde || Latin Small Letter O With Tilde || Latin Capital Letter O With Tilde And Macron || Latin Small Letter O With Tilde And Macron || Latin Capital Letter O With Tilde And Acute || Latin Small Letter O With Tilde And Acute || Latin Capital Letter O With Tilde And Diaeresis || Latin Small Letter O With Tilde And Diaeresis || Latin Capital Letter O With Circumflex And Tilde
|-
| style="font-size:180%" | ỗ || style="font-size:180%" | Ỡ || style="font-size:180%" | ỡ || style="font-size:180%" | Ũ || style="font-size:180%" | ũ || style="font-size:180%" | Ṹ || style="font-size:180%" | ṹ || style="font-size:180%" | Ữ || style="font-size:180%" | ữ || style="font-size:180%" | Ṽ || style="font-size:180%" | ṽ || style="font-size:180%" | Ỹ || style="font-size:180%" | ỹ
|-
| U+1ED7 || U+1EE0 || U+1EE1 || U+0168 || U+0169 || U+1E78 || U+1E79 || U+1EEE || U+1EEF || U+1E7C || U+1E7D || U+1EF8 || U+1EF9
|-
| Latin Small Letter O With Circumflex And Tilde || Latin Capital Letter O With Horn And Tilde || Latin Small Letter O With Horn And Tilde || Latin Capital Letter U With Tilde || Latin Small Letter U With Tilde || Latin Capital Letter U With Tilde And Acute || Latin Small Letter U With Tilde And Acute || Latin Capital Letter U With Horn And Tilde || Latin Small Letter U With Horn And Tilde || Latin Capital Letter V With Tilde || Latin Small Letter V With Tilde || Latin Capital Letter Y With Tilde || Latin Small Letter Y With Tilde
|}
== Tilde in Natlangs ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Uses of Tilde
! Use
! Language
! Letters
! Notes
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Glottalization|Glottalized]] vowel
| [[Wikipedia:Vietnamese_language|Vietnamese]]
| Ãã /aˀː˧˥/, Ẵẵ /aˀ˧˥/, Ẫẫ /əˀ˧˥/, Ẽẽ /ɛˀ˧˥/, Ễễ /eˀ˧˥/, Ĩĩ /iˀ˧˥/, Õõ /ɔˀ˧˥/, Ỗỗ /oˀ˧˥/, Ỡỡ /əˀː˧˥/, Ũũ /uˀ˧˥/, Ữữ /ɨˀ˧˥/, Ỹỹ /iˀ˧˥/
| The tilde stands for mid rising tone interrupted by a glottal stop.{{ref|Vietnamese_tones}} There are many exceptions to the phonemic values of these letters though.{{ref|Vietnamese_orthography}}
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Roundedness|Unrounded vowel]]
| [[Wikipedia:Estonian_language|Estonian]]
| Õõ /ɤ/
|
|-
| rowspan=2 | Other
| [[Wikipedia:ISO_15919|ISO 15919]] romanization of Indic scripts
| Ññ
| Ññ is used for transcribing the Indic diacritic [[Wikipedia:Anusvara|anusvāra]] before palatal consonants.{{ref|ISO_15919}}
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Livonian_language|Livonian]]
| Õõ /ɨ/, Ȭȭ /ɨː/
|
|}
The '''tilde''' is a variable-use diacritic.
The '''tilde''' is a variable-use diacritic.


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* '''Tone''': Falling tone in ancient [[Greek]] is sometimes marked with a tilde (the usual diacritic is [[circumflex]]).
* '''Tone''': Falling tone in ancient [[Greek]] is sometimes marked with a tilde (the usual diacritic is [[circumflex]]).


== See Also ==
*[[Natlang_Uses_of_Diacritics_in_the_Latin_Alphabet|Natlang Uses of Diacritics in the Latin Alphabet]]
*[[Tilde_Below|Tilde Below]]
== References ==
# {{note|Vietnamese_tones}} [[Wikipedia:Vietnamese_language#Tones_2|Vietnamese tones]] at Wikipedia.
# {{note|Vietnamese_orthography}} [[Wikipedia:Vietnamese_orthography#Pronunciation|Vietnamese orthography]] at Wikipedia.
# {{note|ISO_15919}} [[Wikipedia:ISO_15919#Comparison_with_UNRSGN_and_IAST|ISO 15919]] at Wikipedia.
[[Category:Natscripts]]
[[Category:Orthography]]
[[Category:Orthography]]

Revision as of 13:55, 1 February 2013

Tilde in Unicode

Characters with Tilde
~ ˜ ​ ◌̃ Ã ã Ẫ ẫ Ẵ ẵ Ẽ ẽ Ễ ễ
U+007E U+02DC U+0303 ​ U+00C3 U+00E3 ​ U+1EAA U+1EAB U+1EB4 U+1EB5 U+1EBC U+1EBD U+1EC4 U+1EC5
Tilde Small Tilde Combining Tilde Latin Capital Letter A With Tilde Latin Small Letter A With Tilde Latin Capital Letter A With Circumflex And Tilde Latin Small Letter A With Circumflex And Tilde Latin Capital Letter A With Breve And Tilde Latin Small Letter A With Breve And Tilde Latin Capital Letter E With Tilde Latin Small Letter E With Tilde Latin Capital Letter E With Circumflex And Tilde Latin Small Letter E With Circumflex And Tilde
Note: May be confused with swung dash, ⁓ (U+2053).
Ĩ ĩ Ñ ñ Õ õ Ȭ ȭ Ṍ ṍ Ṏ ṏ Ỗ
U+0128 U+0129 ​ U+00D1 U+00F1 U+00D5 U+00F5 U+022C U+022D U+1E4C U+1E4D U+1E4E U+1E4F U+1ED6
Latin Capital Letter I With Tilde Latin Small Letter I With Tilde Latin Capital Letter N With Tilde Latin Small Letter N With Tilde Latin Capital Letter O With Tilde Latin Small Letter O With Tilde Latin Capital Letter O With Tilde And Macron Latin Small Letter O With Tilde And Macron Latin Capital Letter O With Tilde And Acute Latin Small Letter O With Tilde And Acute Latin Capital Letter O With Tilde And Diaeresis Latin Small Letter O With Tilde And Diaeresis Latin Capital Letter O With Circumflex And Tilde
ỗ Ỡ ỡ Ũ ũ Ṹ ṹ Ữ ữ Ṽ ṽ Ỹ ỹ
U+1ED7 U+1EE0 U+1EE1 U+0168 U+0169 U+1E78 U+1E79 U+1EEE U+1EEF U+1E7C U+1E7D U+1EF8 U+1EF9
Latin Small Letter O With Circumflex And Tilde Latin Capital Letter O With Horn And Tilde Latin Small Letter O With Horn And Tilde Latin Capital Letter U With Tilde Latin Small Letter U With Tilde Latin Capital Letter U With Tilde And Acute Latin Small Letter U With Tilde And Acute Latin Capital Letter U With Horn And Tilde Latin Small Letter U With Horn And Tilde Latin Capital Letter V With Tilde Latin Small Letter V With Tilde Latin Capital Letter Y With Tilde Latin Small Letter Y With Tilde

Tilde in Natlangs

Uses of Tilde
Use Language Letters Notes
Glottalized vowel Vietnamese Ãã /aˀː˧˥/, Ẵẵ /aˀ˧˥/, Ẫẫ /əˀ˧˥/, Ẽẽ /ɛˀ˧˥/, Ễễ /eˀ˧˥/, Ĩĩ /iˀ˧˥/, Õõ /ɔˀ˧˥/, Ỗỗ /oˀ˧˥/, Ỡỡ /əˀː˧˥/, Ũũ /uˀ˧˥/, Ữữ /ɨˀ˧˥/, Ỹỹ /iˀ˧˥/ The tilde stands for mid rising tone interrupted by a glottal stop.[1] There are many exceptions to the phonemic values of these letters though.[2]
Unrounded vowel Estonian Õõ /ɤ/
Other ISO 15919 romanization of Indic scripts Ññ Ññ is used for transcribing the Indic diacritic anusvāra before palatal consonants.[3]
Livonian Õõ /ɨ/, Ȭȭ /ɨː/

The tilde is a variable-use diacritic.

Unicode recognizes the following precomposed tilde-appended letters: ã ẽ ĩ ɫ ñ õ ũ ṽ ỹ

The two most common uses originate from the Iberian peninsula:

  • Nasalization
    • Portuguese marks its nasal vowels by ã õ (from older aⁿ oⁿ).
    • Inspired by this, the IPA marks nasalization of any segment with a superscript tilde, as in [ã].
    • Several other nat- and conlangs follow suit.
  • Palatalization

Other uses include:

See Also

References

  1. ^  Vietnamese tones at Wikipedia.
  2. ^  Vietnamese orthography at Wikipedia.
  3. ^  ISO 15919 at Wikipedia.
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