Khangaþyagon Questions etc

Questions, commands, conditionals and counterfactuals

This section mainly concerns the use of Khangaþyagon's verbal moods.

Questions

A polar question is formed simply by putting the verb in the interrogative mood

nellodahidau rik?

nello	dah	i	dau	rik
worthy	be	3p	int	man

Is the man worthy?

Yes is lœ, no is sheshe

Negative questions are answered with

wenu

Indeed not

ngip

on the contrary, yes

nellodahidaushe rik?

nello	dah	i	dau	she	rik
worthy	be	3p	int	neg	man

Is not the man worthy?

wenu means that the man is not worthy, ngip that he is worthy.

There are no interrogative pronouns per se, but any noun may be made into a wh- word by the modsegunak dau

nellodahi rikdau?

nello	dah	i	rik	dau
worthy	be	3p	man	what

Which man is worthy?

nellovlanting rik nazdauol?

nello	vlant	i	ng	rik	naz	dau	ol
worthy	become	3p	pt	man	means	what	inst

By what means did the man become worthy?

Commands

The imperative in Khangaþyagon can be used in any person, and can thus be regarded as including the semantics of an optative or hortative. It is not pro-drop

iðuzhalt ya sarmneye!

iðuzh	a	lt	ya	sarmne	ye
see	1P	IMP	1P	friend	VOC

Behold a friend! (Customary greeting between wizards)

ærkriuflt kriāriþon glæstæpontol

ærkr	i	uf	lt	kriā	riþ	on	glæs	tæp	ont	ol
heal	3P	PASS	IMP	blood	flow	PrP	spirit	command	PrP	INST

Let the bleeding be healed by conjuration!

Conditionals and counterfactuals

A condition is marked with the conditional mood segunak, azh

nellodahiazh rik, yagakh ya yiakh

nello	dah	i	azh	rik	yag	a	kh	ya	yi	akh
worthy	be	3P	COND	man	speak	1P	FT	1P	3P	RECIP

If the man is worthy, I will speak to him.

If two conditionally marked clauses occur together without an intervening conjunction, the sentence expresses a counterfactual.

nellodahiazh rik, yagaazh ya yiakh.

nello	dah	i	azh	rik	yag	a	azh	ya	yi	akh
worthy	be	3P	COND	man	speak	1P	COND	1P	3P	RECIP

If the man were worthy, I would speak to him.

If two or more conditions occur together, they are separated by a conjunction.

nellodahiazh rik beb yagaazh ya yiakh, gelikh yi.

nello

dah

i

azh

rik

beb

yag

a

azh

ya

yi

akh

gel

i

kh

yi

worthy

be

3P

COND

man

and

speak

1P

COND

1P

3P

go

3P

FT

3P

If the man is worthy and I speak to him, he will go.

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