Senjecas Tax. Plantae

Pronunciation table

पेमु॓को peműko (labial)								रीसु॓कॊ riisűko (dental)								मुइतु॓को muitűko (alveolar)								भइनु॓को vainűko (palatal)							च्युस्वे॓नोस् ṡ̨uuše̋nos (vowels with प)								नि॓थो च्युस्वे॓नोस् nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos (weak vowels)
p	b	f	v	m̃	m			t	d	þ	ð	ɫ	l			ṡ	ż	s	z	r	n			k	g	x	ƣ	h	ȝ			š	s̨			i	e	a	ɔ	o	u			ĭ	ĕ	ŭ
प	ब	फ	भ	म़	म			त	द	थ	ध	ल़	ल			च	ज	स	स़	र	न			क	ग	क़	ग़	ह	य			स्व	स्य			इ ई पि पी	ए एै ए पै	अ आ प पा	ऒ ॵ पॊ पॏ	ओ औ पो पौ	उ ऊ पु पू			पं	पऺ	पॅ
/p/	/b/	/ɸ/	/β/	/m̥/	/m/			/t/	/d/	/θ/	/ð/	/l̥/	/l/			/ʦ/	/ʣ/	/s/	/z/	/ɾ̥/	/n/			/k/	/g/	/ç/	/ʝ/	/j̊/	/j/			/sʷ/	/sʲ/			/i/	/e/	/ä/	/ɒ/	/o/	/u/			/ɪ/	/ɛ/	/ʊ/

Introduction

1. In the Sefdaanian cultures, each individual is a member of a hierarchy of communities. The Ethrans have used this hierarchy as a pattern for their classification of life forms.
2. The individual is, first of all, a member of one of the six Loquent Peoples. The largest of the taxonomic communities is that of the le̋uða [le̋uðu, people]. Thus, there are animal people and plant people. This division corresponds to kingdom in modern taxonomy.
3. Next, the individual lives in one of the seven regions (watersheds) of Sefdaania. This division, the ta̋im̃a [ta̋im̃a, region], corresponds to class in modern taxonomy.
4. Within the several regions, the individual lives in a commune. This division, the kőina [kőino, commune, corresponds to order in modern taxonomy.
5. Each commune is comprised of a number of families. This division, the ða̋ma [ða̋mu, family], corresponds to family in modern taxonomy.
6. Within the family, the individual is usually one of several siblings. This division, the ȝőőra [ȝőőru, sibling], corresponds to genus in modern taxonomy.
7. And finally there is the individual himself. This division, the še̋ða [še̋ðu, individual], corresponds to species in modern taxonomy.

• Finer divisions can be made with the use of prefixes, e.g.:
  • uf-, higher = super-
  • ner-, under = sub-
  • sup-, low = infra-

• This table makes use of the following ranks:

Division (D) - ufta̋im̃a Class (C) - ta̋im̃a

Subclass (sC) - nerta̋im̃a

Superorder (SO) - ufkőina

Order (O) - kőina

Superfamily (SF) - ufða̋ma

Family (F) - ða̋ma

Subfamily (sF) - nerða̋ma

Tribe (T) - ufȝőőra

Notes

1. cpd = a compound of two or more roots, e.g., hűro, (water) + műűsi, (moss) = hurműűsi, water moss.
2. Names in red are those of plants that did not exist in Sefdaania.

Taxonomic Table

D. Bryophyta - muusle̋uða [PIE *mūs, moss > English moss]

C. Bryopsida

O. Hypnales

F. Fontinalaceae

cpd hurműűsi, water moss (Fontinalis antipyretica) [< huro, water; műűsi, moss].

F. Hylocomiaceae

cpd niƣműűsi, glittering wood-moss (Hylocomium splendens) [< niqa, i.v. glitter; műűsi, moss].

Sphagnopsida

O. Sphagnales

F. Sphagnaceae

cpd s̨ufműűsi, sphagnum spp. [< s̨űfa, t.v. absorb; műűsi, moss].

D. Pteridophyta – ǧimrĕle̋uða

C. Equisetopsida – ṡ̨ooxta̋im̃a

O. Equisetales - ṡ̨ooxkőina

F. Equisetaceae - ṡ̨ooxða̋ma

001 ṡ̨őőki, horsetail (Equisetum hyemale).

C. Polydodiopsida

O. Polydodiales

F. Onocleaceae - partĕða̋ma

002 pa̋rti, shuttlecock fern (Mateuccia struthopteri) [> English fern].

C. Pteridopsida

O. Dennstaedtiales

F. Dennstaedtiaceae - ráipartĕða̋ma

cpd raipa̋rti, bracken (Pteridium aquilinum) [< ra̋ȝo, hill].

D. Gnetophyta

C. Gnetopsida

O. Ephedrales

F. Ephedraceae - nixrĕða̋ma

003 nı̋xri, sea grape (Ephedra distachya).

D. Lycopodiophyta - dúðmuusle̋uða

C. Lycopodiopsida - dúðmuusta̋im̃a

O. Lycopodiales - dúðmuuskőina

F. Lycopodiaceae – dúðmuusða̋ma

cpd duðműűsi, clubmoss (Lycopodium clavatum) [< dűdo, club; műűsi, moss].

D. Pinophyta – ṡ̨axle̋uða [PAlt *č`ā̀ki, k. of coniferous tree > Turkish čekirdek, kernel]

C. Pinopsida - ðanta̋im̃a

O. Pinales - ðankőina

F. Pinaceae - ðanða̋ma

004 ɫa̋ṡi, Siberian larch (Larix sibirica) [> Evenki ńahamna, young larch].

005 ṡa̋a̋xti, larch (Larix decidua) [> Manchu ǯaqdan, pine tree].

006 ða̋ni, silver fir (Abies alba) [> German Tanne, fir].

007 n̨a̋ni, Caucasian fir (Abies nordmanniana) [> Japanese mómi, fir].

008 m̨a̋li, Siberian fir (Abies sibirica) [> Manchu molori, cypress].

009 ele̋nti, Norway spruce (Picea abies) [> Armenian eɫevin, ?].

010 e̋rzi, deodar (Cedrus deodara).

011 a̋nþi, cedar of Lebanon (Cedrus libani) [> Turkish andɨz, bush].

012 pe̋uṡi, Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) [> German Fichte, spruce].

013 s̨űli, Swiss pine (Pinus cembra) [> Korean 솔 sór, pine tree].

014 ṡe̋sni, Siberian pine (Pinus sibirica) [> German Kien, pine wood].

F. Cupresseaceae - ȝoinða̋ma

015 ȝőini, common (Juniperus communis) [> English juniper].

016 ele̋nti, Savin juniper (Juniperus sabina) [> English lithe].

F. Taxaceae - iim̃ða̋ma

017 ı̋ı̋m̃i, yew (Taxus baccata) [> English yew].

D. Magnoliophyta - nanle̋uða

C. Liliopsida - þúnvaalta̋im̃a [< þűn, one; va̋a̋lo, leaf]

O. Alismatales - méþnankőina

F. Araceae - algĕða̋ma

sF. Lemnoideae - algúfnerða̋ma

018 a̋lgi, duckweed (Lemna minor) [> English algae].

sF. Aroideae - gigárnerða̋ma

019 giga̋ri, Italian arum (Arum italicum) [> Etruscan gigaro, Arum italicum].

F. Alismataceae - morkĕða̋ma

020 mőrki, arrowhead (Sagittaria sagittifolia) [> German Möhre, carrot].

O. Poales – airkőina

F. Poaceae - airða̋ma

021 a̋iri, rye grass (Lolium perenne) [> Old Greek αιρα, darnel].

022 xa̋ri, darnel (Lolium temulentum) [> Korean karaǯi Lolium temulentum].

023 aarı̋gi, finger millet (Eleusine coracana) [> Kannada ārike, Indian millet].

024 pe̋lvi, spelt (Triticum spelta) [> English, pulse].

025 te̋rni, einkorn (Triticum monococcum).

026 are̋nki, emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccum).

027 pűűri, wheat [> English furze].

028 va̋rsi, barley (Hordeum vulgare) [> English barley].

029 here̋zði, barley [> German Gerste, barley].

030 a̋lvi, barley [> Albanian elb, barley].

031 a̋rfi, Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum) [> Turkish *arpa, barley].

032 ṅűrgi, sorghum (Sorghum bicolor).

033 őlm̃i Maiden grass (Micanthus sinensis).

034 rűgi, rye (Secale cereale) [> English rye].

035 rűli, reed grass (Phragmites australis).

036 am̃ı̋żi, oats (Avena sativa) [> Latin avēna, oats].

037 ṡ̨a̋gi, giant reed (Arundo donax) [> Korean 종이 jongi, paper].

038 me̋lxi, tussock grass (Deschampsia caespitosa) [> German Schmiele, hair grass].

039 de̋xi, canary grass (Phalaris arundanacea) [> Japanese たけ táke, bamboo].

cpd naada̋ibi, sweet grass (Hierochloe odorata) [< na̋a̋da, t.v. perfume; a̋ibi, grass].

F. Cyperaceae - iinða̋ma

040 ı̋ı̋ni, acute sedge (Carex acuta).

041 fe̋lṡi, tufted sedge (Carex elata).

cpd b̨ulba̋ti, bog cotton (Eriophorum angustifolium) [< b̨űlo, wick; -ba̋ti, suffix used in naming plants].

F. Juncaceae - xulgĕða̋ma

042 xűlgi, hard rush (Juncus inflexus) [> Korean골풀 gol-pul, rush].

F.Typhaceae - kurð̤a̋ma

043 kűrði, cattail, reedmace (Typha latifolia).

O. Zingiberales - veerkőina

F. Zingiberaceae - veerða̋ma

044 ve̋e̋ri, wild ginger (Asarum europaeum) [> Old Tamil vēr, ginger].

045 ma̋nżi, turmeric (Curcuma longa) [> Tamil mañcaḷ, turmeric].

C. Magnoliopsida - nanta̋im̃a [< na̋na, flower]

O. Apiales - minkőina

F. Apiaceae - minða̋ma

046 mı̋ni, parsley (Petholinum crispum) [> Korean minarí, parsley].

047 ṡ̬e̋nði, angelica (Angelica sylvestris) [> Latin combrētum, aromatic plant].

048 maðűrki fennel (Foeniculum vulgare).

049 me̋aaṡi, carrot (Daucus carota sativa).

050 nı̋pi, parsnip (Pastinaca sativa).

cpd nuuv̨a̋li, chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium).

051 se̋lni, celery (Apium graveolens dulce).

052 aȝamőti, caraway (Carum carvi) [> Tocharian B ajamot, parsley or caraway].

cpd t̨áátode̋gi, lovage (Levisticum officinale).

cpd šaaðsűvi, cicely (Myrrhis odorata).

O. Aquifoliales - xeðkőina

F. Aquifoliaceae - xeð̤a̋ma

053 xe̋di, ivy (Hedera helix) [> Latin hedera, ivy].

054 e̋vi, Russian ivy (Hedera pastuchovii) [> English ivy].

F. Arialaceae - íílokŭða̋ma

055 iilők̬i, European holly (Ilex aquifolium) [> English ilex].

O. Asparagales - sizkőina

F. Iridaceae - sizða̋ma

056 sı̋zi, crocus (Crocus cartwrightianus) [> Kui sṛīnga, turmeric].

cpd sááðnanva̋a̋li, iris (Iris spp.) [< sa̋a̋ð, six; na̋no, flower; va̋a̋lo, leaf].

F. Amaryllidaceae - k̨úðlaxða̋ma

sF. Amaryllidoideae

cpd k̨uðla̋ki, daffodil (Pancratium maritimum).

cpd naaðma̋zmi daffodil (Narcissus poeticus).

F. Asparagaceae - ásfargĕða̋ma

sF. Asparagoideae - asfárgĕnerða̋ma

057 asfa̋rgi, asparagus (Asparagus spp.) [> Greek ἀσφάρᾰγος>>, asparagus].

sF. Nolinoideae - zarkĕna̋n̈erða̋ma

cpd zarkĕna̋ni lily of the valley (Convallaria majali) [< za̋ro, bell; -k-, diminutive suffix; na̋no, flower].

F. Alliaceae - ɠangĕða̋ma

058 ɠa̋ngi, field garlic (Allium oleraceum).

059 leena̋a̋li, chives (Allium schoenoprasum).

060 kőrmi, onion (Allium cepa) [> English ramsons].

061 me̋nri, ramsons (Allium ursinum) [> Mongolian*maŋgir, wild onion].

062 pɔ̋si, leek (Allium porrum) [> Latin porrum, leek].

F. Orchidaceae - áṡentĕða̋ma

063 aṡe̋nti, yellow lady’s slipper (Cypripedium calceolus).

cpd lasṡe̋nti, spotted lady’s slipper (Cypripedium guttatum) [< la̋ṡi, adj. spotted; aṡe̋nti, yellow lady’s slipper].

cpd méżaṡe̋nti, large-flowered lady’s slipper (Cypripedium macranthos) [< me̋żi, adj. large; aṡe̋nti, yellow lady’s slipper].

F. Xanthorrhoeaceae - húrvaalða̋ma

sF. Asphodeloideae - hurváálnerða̋ma

cpd hurva̋a̋li, aloe spp. (Aloe spp.) [< hűro, water; va̋a̋lo, leaf].

O. Asterales - nunkőina

F. Asteraceae - nunða̋ma

cpd xulte̋e̋ri, golden rod (Solidago virgaurea) [< xuli, adj. yellow; te̋e̋ro, color].

064 dı̋hi, lesser burdock (Arctium minus).

065 la̋pi, greater burdock (Arctium lappa) [> Latin lappa, burr].

066 kı̋lþi, corn marigold (Chrysanthemum segetum).

067 la̋a̋xi, dandelion (Taraxacum kok-saghyz) [> Japanese ねぎ négi, leek].

068 ƥőki, grand wormwood (Artemisia absinthium).

069 ża̋fi, sea wormwood (Artemisia maritima) [> Korean 향쑥 hyang ssuk, wormwood].

070 a̋mɫi, coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara) [> Inupik muli(k), coltsfoot].

071 n̨a̋si, musk thistle (Carduus nutans).

cpd xulkı̋ṡi, tansy (Tanacetum vulgare).

cpd losba̋li, wall lettuce (Lactuca muralis).

cpd melkĕn̨a̋si, woolly thistle (Cirsium eriophorum).

cpd fĭhaiɫn̨a̋si, stemless carline thistle (Carlina acaulis).

F. Campanulaceae - m̃ííṡűxða̋ma

cpd m̃iiṡűki, rampion (Campanula rapanculus).

F. Menyanthaceae - kaaxlĕða̋ma

cpd ka̋a̋xli, water fringe (Nymphoides peltata).

O. Brassicales - raafkőina

F. Capparaceae - goiða̋ma

072 gőȝi caper (Capparis spinosa).

F. Brassicaceae - raafða̋ma

073 kara̋mbi, cabbage (Brassica oleracea) [PIE *kramb, cabbage > ?].

074 ra̋a̋pi, rape (Brassica rapa) [> English rape].

075 þűrmi, turnip (Brassica rapa) [> Turkish tükür-, turnip].

076 ra̋ngi, black mustard (Brassica nigra).

077 tőrbi, horseradish (Armoracia rusticana).

078 m̃a̋iti woad (Isatis tinctoria) [> English woad].

079 nerm̃a̋ti, watercress (Nasturtium officinale).

080 sina̋pi, white mustard (Sinapis alba).

cpd tiiðse̋e̋li, pepperwort (Lepidium campestre).

cpd leefpa̋a̋li pennycress (Thlaspi arvense).

O. Caryophyllales - siirkőina

F. Amaranthaceae - buð̤a̋ma

081 k̨őmgi, saltwort (Salsola kalis) [?].

082 bűdi, white goosefoot (Chenopodium album) [PUr *bi̯udi, pigweed > Japanese ひゆ hiyu, pigweed].

083 baka̋li, spinach (Spinacia oleraceae) [PDrav *bacaḷ-, spinach > Tamil pacaḷai, spinach].

F. Caryophyllaceae - bánroƣða̋ma

cpd banrőgi, soapwort (Saponaria officinalis) [ba̋na, t.v. wash; -rőgi, plant naming suffix].

F. Chenopodiaceae - siirða̋ma

084 sı̋ı̋ri, beet (Beta vulgaris) [PDrav *sīr-, root > Gondi sīr, root].

cpd paisı̋ı̋ri, white beet (Beta vulgaris) [< pa̋ȝi, adj. white; sı̋ı̋ri, beet].

cpd reuðsı̋ı̋ri, red beet (Beta vulgaris) [< re̋uði, adj. red; sı̋ı̋ri, beet].

cpd šaaðsı̋ı̋ri, sugar beet (Beta lomatogona) [< ša̋a̋di, adj. sweet; sı̋ı̋ri, beet].

F. Polygonaceae - holða̋ma

085 hőli, buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) [?].

086 ƣőli, red sorrel (Rumex acetosella) [?].

087 sűǧi, common sorrel (Rumex acetosa) [?].

cpd reuðse̋lni, rhubarb (Rheum rhaponticum) [< re̋udi, adj. red; se̋lni, celery].

O. Cornales - kɔnkőina

F. Cornaceae - kɔnða̋ma

088 kɔ̋ni, European cornel (Cornus mas) [PIE *kŕn-, cornel > English cornel].

089 ðerge̋ni, common dogwood (Cornus sanguinea) [PIE *dherg(h)en-, cornel > German Dirndl, cornel].

O. Dipsacales - tulkőina

F. Adoxaceae - tulða̋ma

090 tőři, black elder (Sambucus nigra) [?].

091 tűli, European red elder (Sambucus racemosa) [?].

092 e̋ðli, dwarf elder (Sambucus ebulus) [PIE *edhl-, k. of tree > Latin ebulus, dwarf elder].

F. Caprifoliaceae - ȝurða̋ma

093 ȝűri, honeysuckle (Lonicera spp.) [?].

094 na̋lda, nard (Nardostachys jatamansi) [> Sanskrit nálada, nard]

F. Valerianaceae - loukédĭvaalða̋ma

cpd lóukada̋ȝi, corn salad (Valerianella locusta) [< lóuko, field; ada̋ȝo, greens].

O. Cucubitales - kixkőina

F. Cucubitaceae – kixða̋ma

sF. Cucurbitoideae – kíxnerða̋ma

T. Benincaseae - kíkufȝőőra

095 kı̋ki, cucumber (Cucumis sativus) [?].

096 űiri, muskmelon ('Cucumis melo) [PAlt *ùjrV́, melon > Korean oi, melon].

cpd reuðűiri, watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) [< reuði, red].

097 ṡűri, bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) [PDrav *cur-, bottle gourd > Tamil curai, gourd]

O. Ericales - ṡuirkőina

F. Ericaceae - ṡuirða̋ma

098 ṡűiri, lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-ideae) [?].

099 kite̋m̃i, cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccus) [?].

100 fı̋mi, bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) [PAlt *p`ĭ̀mà, k. of nut or berry > Evenki himikte, red bilberry].

101 m̃őði, wild rosemary (Rhododendron tomentosum) [Pur *moδ́V, k. of berry > Mari, muδȇ, blueberry].

102 a̋sli, bear-berry (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi) [PEsk*acǝlV-, edible plant > Greenlandic asiaʁ-, pick berries].

103 urı̋ki, heath, ling, heather (Calluna vulgaris) [?].

104 a̋rvi, strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo) [PIE *arbh-, k. of tree > English arbor].

F. Theaceae - anþĕða̋ma

105 a̋nþi, tea (Camellia sinensis) [PAlt *aŋt`à, k. of fragrant plant > Evenki anikta, mint].

F. Primulaceae - puuða̋ma

106 pűűi, primrose (Primula vulgaris) [PDrav*pū-, flower > Tamil pū, cock’s comb].

O. Fabales - ṡíṡerkőina

F. Fabaceae - ṡíṡerða̋ma

sF. Faboideae - ṡiṡérnerða̋ma

T. Cicereae - hárlufȝőőra

107 ha̋rli, chickpea (Cicer arietenum) [?].

T. Fabeae - ṡiṡérufȝőőra

108 ṡiṡe̋ri, pea (Pisum sativum) [PIE k'ik'-, pea > Latin cicer, chickpea

109 dőrm̃i, vetch (Vicia sativa) [?].

110 va̋vi, broad bean (Vicia faba) [PIE *bhabh-, bean > English fava].

111 h̬e̋rmi, French vetch (Vicia narbonensis) [PIE *g'hwerm-, ? > ?].

cpd nelbŭdőrm̃i, hairy vetch (Vicia hirsuta) [?].

112 e̋rɫi, bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia) [PIE *erǝgʷ(h)-, k. of legume > Latin ervum, bitter vetch].

113 ƣa̋rsi, winter tares (Vicia sativa) [PIE *ghArs-, leguminous plant > German Giersch, goat’s foot].

114 le̋nti, lentil (Lens culinaris) [PIE *lent-, lentil > English lentil].

T. Galegeae - šaaðfúlufȝőőra

cpd šaaðfűli, licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) [< šaadi, adj. sweet; fűli, root].

T. Genistiae - lérdufȝőőra

115 le̋rdi, lupin (Lupinus albus) [?].

cpd xulte̋e̋rt̬i, dyer's broom, dyer's furze (Genista tinctoria) [< xűli, adj. yellow; te̋e̋rt̬i, dye].

drv ševba̋ti, broom (Spartium junceum) [< še̋ba, t.v sweep; -ba̋ti, plant suffix].

T. Indigofereae - avírufȝőőra

116 avı̋ri, indigo (Indigofera tinctoria) [PDrav*áviri, indigo > Tamil aviri, indigo plant].

T. Trifolieae

117 pa̋a̋ði, alfalfa (Medicago sativa) [?].

118 me̋nti, fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) [PDrav *ment-, fenugreek > Tamil mentiyam, fenugreek

119 tembőri white clover (Trifolium repens) [PIE *stembor-, clover > ?].

120 dőbi, red clover (Trifolium pratense) [PAlt *dob-, ? > Lithuanian dobilas, clover].

F. Viciceae - árenkĕða̋ma

121 are̋nki grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) [PIE *arnk(')-, a leguminous plant > Latin arinca, spelt].

O. Fagales - aizkőina

F. Fagaceae - aizða̋ma

122 a̋iżi, sessile oak (Quercus petrea) [PIE *aiĝ-, oak > English oak].

123 k̬ere̋si, Italian oak (Quercus frainetto) [PIE *kʷres-, oak > Latin cerrus, Turkey oak].

124 pe̋rk̬|i, English oak (Quercus robur) [PIE *perkwu-, oak > English fir]. -őni, adj. oak, oaken.

125 tőmi, chestnut-leafed oak (Quercus castanei-folia) [PUr *toma, oak > Finnish tammi, oak].

126 kasta̋ni, chestnut (Castanea sativa) [PIE *kastA-no, chestnut > English chestnut].

127 va̋a̋żi, European beech (Fagus sylvatica) [PIE *bhāĝ-, beech > English beech].

128 koorva̋ri, Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis) [PIE *skrōvar, beech > ?].

F. Betulaceae - koim̃ða̋ma

129 kősli, common hazel (Corylus avellana) [PIE *kosl-, hazel > English hazel].

130 le̋e̋żi, Turkish hazelnut (Corylus colurna) [PIE *lēg'-, hazel > [?].

131 m̃era̋a̋ni, grey alder Alnus incana [PIE *wern-, alder > ?].

132 kala̋a̋ðri, common alder (Alnus glutinosa) [PIE klādhr-, alder > Old Greek κλᾱθρᾱ, ?].

133 afa̋ki, Siberian alder (Alnus viridis) [PAlt *àp`akV, k. of foliage tree > Tatar abaɣa, k. of fern].

134 ka̋rpi, oriental hornbeam (Carpinus orientalis) [PIE *(s)karp-, hornbeam > Latin carpinus, hornbeam].

135 ƣőőrbi, European hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) [PIE *grōb-, hornbeam > ?].

136 űgi, silver birch (Betula pendula) [PAlt *ugi, birch bark > Mongolian ujilsun, birch bark].

137 tiibűlki golden birch Betula medwediewii [PAlt *tī̀búlka, k. of blossoming bush > Orok duokte, black birch].

138 kőim̃i, white birch (Betula pubescens) [PUr*kojwa, birch > Finnish koivu, birch].

F. Juglandaceae - kunŭða̋ma

139 kűňi, walnut (Juglans regia) [PIE *k(')now-, nut > English nut].

F. Myricaceae - þorða̋ma

140 þőri, candle-berry, bog myrtle, gale (Myrica gale) [PAlt *t`oru, k. of black berry > Korean tarä, currant].

O. Gentianales - ṡ̨ávfulkőina

F. Gentianaceae - ṡ̨ávfulða̋ma

cpd ṡ̨avfűli, yellow gentian (Gentiana lutea) [< ṡ̨a̋bi, adj. bitter; fűli, root].

F. Apocynaceae - arkĕða̋ma

141 a̋rki, crown flower (Calotropis gigantea) [PIE *ark-, k. of thorny bush > Sanskrit arká- Calotropis gigantea].

F. Rubiaceae - reuð̤a̋ma

drv re̋uði, madder (Rubia tinctorum) [< re̋uði, adj. red].

O. Lamiales - żelkőina

F. Lamiaceae - żelða̋ma

cpd basmĕże̋li, marjoram (Origanum vulgare) [< ba̋smo, spice; że̋li, spearmint ].

cpd ǧarże̋li, oregano (Origanum vulgare hirtum) [< ǧa̋ro, mountain; że̋li, spearmint].

142 dim̃e̋smi, dittany (Dictamnus albus) [PAlt *diwesma, dittany > ?].

143 że̋li, spearmint (Mentha spicata) [PAlt *ǯélu, k. of fragrant grass > Uzbek jalpiz, mint].

cpd hurże̋li, water mint (Mentha aquatica) [< huro, water; że̋li, mint].

144 tula̋si, basil (Ocimum basilicum) [PDrav*tuḷas-, sacred basil > Tamil tuḷaci, sacred basil].

145 isőbi, hyssop (Hysoppus officinalis) [PIE *iope-, hyssop > Greek ὕσσωπος, hyssop].

146 ha̋di, lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) [PKart *(h)ad-, flower > Svan had-ra, pinkster].

cpd diigűpi, rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) [?].

cpd tefva̋a̋li, sage (Salvia officinalis) [< te̋fi, adj., fuzzy; va̋a̋li, leaf].

F. Pedaliaceae - nuuða̋ma

147 nűűi, sesame (Sesamum indicum) [PDrav *nū-, sesame > Tamil nū, sesame].

F. Oleaceae - xivða̋ma

148 xı̋bi, European ash (Fraxinus excelsior) [PAlt *k`íbà, ash > Turkish kürüč, ash].

F. Scophulariaceae - velmĕða̋ma

149 ve̋lmi, great mullein (Verbascum thapsus) [PIE *velom-, mullein > ?].

F. Verbenaceae - m̃erbĕða̋ma

150 m̃e̋rbi, common vervain (Verbena officinalis) [PIE *werb', k. of bush > English, vervain].

O. Liliales - ṡúṡankőina

F. Liliaceae - ṡúṡanða̋ma

151 ṡuṡa̋ni, lily (Lilium spp.) [> Arabic sawsan].

O. Malpigiales - ámandĕkőina

F. Euphorbiaceae - ámandĕða̋ma

152 ama̋ndi castor oil plant (Ricinis communis) [?].

F. Linaceae - linða̋ma

153 lı̋ni, flax (Linum perenne) [PIE *lin-, linen > English linen].

F. Salicaceae - salkĕða̋ma

154 m̃elı̋ṡi, osier (Salix viminalis) [PIE *welVk(')-, willow > Old Greek ἑλίκα̈, willow].

155 sa̋lki, white willow (Salix alba) [PIE *salǝk('), willow > English sallow].

156 m̃e̋iti, eared willow (Salix aurita) [PIE *weyǝt-, willow > German Weide, willow].

157 m̃e̋izgi, swamp willow (Salix myrtilloides) [PIE ? > English dial. wish, marsh].

158 że̋sni, grey willow (Salix cinerea) [PKart ? > Georgian ʒec̣n-a, ?].

159 ma̋lki, goat willow (Salix caprea) [PUr *malkV, k. of willow > Hungarian malát, bushy place].

160 elı̋si, white poplar, abele (Populus alba) [PIE *elisā, white poplar > ?].

161 apűsi, gray poplar (Populus canescens) [PIE *osp-, aspen > English aspen].

162 hősti, black poplar (Populus nigra).

163 m̃ı̋þi, quaking aspen (Populus tremula) [?].

F. Violaceae - s̨umða̋ma

164 s̨űmi, sweet violet (Viola odorata) [?].

165 m̃ı̋ȝi, heartsease (Viola tricolor) [PIE *wiy-, violet > English violet].

O. Malvales - tilkőina

F. Malvaceae - tilða̋ma

166 eba̋ki, hollyhock (Alcea rosea) [PAlt *éba-ku, hollyhock > Japanese あおい aoi, hollyhock].

167 tı̋li, linden (Tilia cordata) [PIE *til-, k. of leaf-bearing tree > Latin tilia, linden].

168 ṡ̬a̋mi, linden (Tilia dasystyla) [PAlt *čamu, k. of tree > Mongolian dom, linden].

169 ma̋lǧi, common mallow (Malva sylvestris) [PIE ? > English mallow].

170 pa̋r|ti, cotton (Gossypium spp.) [PDrav *part-, cotton > Tamil parutti, cotton]. -t̨őni, adj. (made of) cotton.

171 kaka̋m̃i (Theobroma cacao) [Classical Nahuatl *cacahua], cacao.

O. Nymphaeales - laaxkőina

F. Nymphaeaceae - laaxða̋ma

172 la̋a̋ki, white water lily (Nymphaea alba) [?].

173 a̋li, yellow water lly (Nuphar lutea) [PDrav *áli, water lily > Tamil alli, water lily].

O. Papaverales - maaxkőina

F. Papaveraceae - maaxða̋ma

174 ma̋a̋ki, poppy (Papaver rhoeas) [PIE māk-, poppy > English meconium].

O. Ranunculales - kémerkőina

F. Rununculaceae - kémerða̋ma

175 keme̋ri, hellebore (Helleborus spp.) [PIE *kemer-, hellebore > Old Greek kάμαρος, larkspur].

cpd m̃eezı̋di, anemone (Anemone nemorosa) [< m̃e̋e̋e, wind; zı̋du, daughter].

176 labűżi, clematis (Clematis vitalba) [PIE *labug'-, k. of creeper > Sanskrit líbujā, liana].

sF. Thalictroideae - ṡɔ́rnerða̋ma

177 ṡɔ̋ri, columbine (Aquilegia vulgaris) [PAlt *ćOrV, flower > Sámi čuruk, cloudberry].

O. Myrtales

F. Myrtaceae

cpd naaðma̋żi, myrtle tree (Myrtis communis) [< na̋a̋di, fragrant; ma̋żo, oil].

O. Rosales - m̃ɔðkőina

F. Cannabaceae - kánafða̋ma

178 kana̋pi, hemp (Cannabis sativa) [PIE *kanap-, hemp > English hemp].

179 k̨őmi hop (Humulus lupulus) [PAlt *k`i̯omo, fragrant & edible plant > Tatar qolmaq, hop].

F. Moraceae - k̨ufða̋ma

180 k̨űpi, black mulberry (Morus nigra) [?].

F. Rosaceae - m̃ɔð̤a̋ma

181 abe̋li, European wild apple (Malus sylvestris) [PIE *abel-, apple > English apple].

182 aƣe̋rdi, almond-leafed pear (Pyrus amygdaliformis) [?].

183 k̨orte̋mi, pear (Pyrus communis) [PAlt *ki̯òrtème > Turkish germešik, dogwood ].

184 berƣe̋ni, service berry (Amelanchier confusa) [PKart *berq̇en-, wild pear > Georgian ბერყენა berq̇ena, pear].

185 b̨őli, spiraea, meadow-sweet (Filipendula ulmaria) [PAlt bi̯ŏla, spiraea > Tungusic*boloka, spiraea].

186 maga̋uri, strawberry (Fragaria viridis) [PBas *magauri, strawberry > High Navarese magauri, strawberry].

187 ṡerműsi, sweet cherry (Prunus avium) [PIE *k/k'ermus-, bird-cherry tree > English cherry].

188 ṡőőfi, sloe, blackthorn (Prunus spinosa) [PAlt *si̯ṓp`ì, ? > Turkish saman, thorn].

189 sorɔ̋ni, sour cherry (Prunus cerasus) [?].

190 ðőőmi, bird cherry (Prunus padus) [PUr *δ́ōme, bird cherry > Estonian toom, bird cherry].

191 lı̋ı̋m̃i, cherry plum (Prunus cerasifera) [PIE *(s)līwo, bluish > English livid].

192 ome̋ni, apricot (Prunus armeniaca) [PUr *omena, apple > Finnish omena, apple].

193 arha̋ni, plum (Prunus domestica) [PBas *arhan, plum > Guipuzcoan aran, plum].

194 te̋fi, peach (Prunus persica) [?].

195 me̋ri, cloudberry (Rubus chamae-morus) [PAlt *méra, k. of berry > Korean mǝru, grape].

196 putı̋mki, raspberry (Rubus idaeus) [?].

197 mőőni, quince (Cydonia oblonga) [?].

198 mőri, blackberry (Rubus fructicosus) [PIE *mor-, blackberry > English mulberry].

199 m̃ɔ̋di, sweetbrier rose (Rosa rubiginosa) [PIE *word-, sweetbrier > English rose].

200 őősni, European rowan (Sorbus aucuparia) [PIE *ōsen-, rowan > ?].

201 e̋iim̃i, common whitebeam (Sorbus aria) [PIE ? > English uvula].

202 őim̃i, service tree (Sorbus torminalis) [?].

203 sőrvi, sorb (Sorbus domestica) [PIE *sorbh-, service tree > English sorb].

204 se̋nri, medlar (Mespilus germanica) [?].

205 x̌aȝa̋ti, hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) [PIE *skwAy-t-, ? > Gaelic sgìtheacheach, hawthorn].

206 arőmi, septfoil (Potentilla erecta) [PIE arom-, septfoil > ?].

cpd ƣáiðbisa̋ri, goatsbeard (Aruncus dioicus) [< ƣa̋ide, ibex; bisa̋ro, beard].

F. Ulmaceae - toofða̋ma

207 tőőpi, common elm (Ulmus procera) [PIE *tōp-, k. of tree > English poplar].

208 re̋usi, wych elm (Ulmus glabra) [PIE *reus-, elm > German Rüster, elm].

209 va̋uƣi, white elm (Ulmus laevis) [PIE *bhAug'-, k. of leaf-bearing tree > German beuchen, steep in lye].

210 guva̋ni, Caucasian elm (Zelkova carpinifolia).

F. Berberidaceae - féxgaþða̋ma

cpd fexga̋þi, common barberry (Berberis vulgaris) [< fe̋xo, acid; ga̋þo, berry].

211 futa̋bi, alder buckthorn (Frangula alnus).

212 m̃e̋iski, mistletoe (Vicum album) [PIE *weiks-, mistletoe > English viscous].

O. Sapindales - áṡankőina

F. Sapindaceae - áṡanða̋ma

213 aṡa̋ni, Norway maple (Acer platanoides) [?].

214 aṡɔ̋ni, sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus).

215 ke̋lni, field maple (Acer campestre) [PIE *klen-, maple > English linn].

216 ake̋ri, tatar maple (Acer tataricum) [PIE *aker-, maple > German Ahorn, maple].

217 þűþi, horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) [PAlt *t`ut`V̀, horse chestnut > Korean 도토리 tòthórí, acorn].

O. Saxifragales - ṡ̨orkőina

F. Grossulariaceae - ṡ̨orða̋ma

218 ma̋rȝi, gooseberry (Ribes uva-crispa) [PUr *marja, berry > Finnish marja, berry].

219 ȝotı̋ki, black currant (Ribes nigrum) [PAlt *i̯ṑt`íkV, ? > Manchu ukuxu, currant].

220 ṡ̨őri, red currant (Ribes rubrum) [PAlt *k`i̯óŕa, ? > Tatar qarlɨɣan, currant].

O. Solanales - goðkőina

F. Solanaceae - goð̤a̋ma

221 gőði, bitter-sweet nightshade (Solanum dulcamara).

222 sa̋xri, henbane (Hyoscyamus niger) [?].

223 ð̬e̋sti thorn apple (Datura stramonium) [PIE *dhwest-, k. of plant > Latin festūca, stalk].

O. Urticales - naþkőina

F. Urticaceae - naþða̋ma

224 na̋ti, nettle (Urtica urens) [PIE *nat-, nettle > English nettle].

O. Vitales - meskőina

F. Vitaceae - ṡ̨orða̋ma

225 me̋si, grape (Vitis vinifera) [PAlt *mésV, grape > Manchu muču, grape].

O. Proteales - ɔ́moskőina

F. Platanaceae - ɔ́mosða̋ma

226 ɔmősi, oriental plane (Platanus orientalis).

F. Nelumbonaceae - táámarkőina

227 taama̋ri, lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) [PDrav *tāmar-, lotus > Tamil tāmarai, lotus].

Senjecas topography