Hudío Phonology: Difference between revisions
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|<center>אַ</center> | |||
|אְ | |||
|בּ | |||
|ב | |||
|דּ | |||
|ד | |||
|אֵ | |||
|גּ | |||
|ג | |||
|ה | |||
|אִ | |||
|כּ | |||
|כ | |||
|ל | |||
|מ | |||
|נ | |||
|אָ | |||
|פּ | |||
|פ | |||
|ר | |||
|ס | |||
|צ | |||
|ש | |||
|תּ | |||
|ת | |||
|אֻ | |||
|ו | |||
|י | |||
|ז | |||
|ע | |||
|- | |- | ||
|/ä/ | |/ä/ | ||
Revision as of 20:24, 5 February 2020
Pronunciation table
| ă | b | ḅ | d | ḍ | e | g | ġ | h | i | k | ḳ | l | m | n | o | p | ṗ | r | s | ś | š | t | ṭ | u | w | y | z | ' | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| אְ | בּ | ב | דּ | ד | אֵ | גּ | ג | ה | אִ | כּ | כ | ל | מ | נ | אָ | פּ | פ | ר | ס | צ | ש | תּ | ת | אֻ | ו | י | ז | ע | |
| /ä/ | /ə/ | /b/ | /v/ | /d/ | /ð/ | /e/ | /g/ | /ʝ/ | /h/ | /i/ | /k/ | /ç/ | /l/ | /m/ | /n/ | /o/ | /p/ | /f/ | /ɾ/ | /s/ | /ʦ/ | /ʃ/ | /t/ | /θ/ | /u/ | /w/ | /j/ | /z/ | /ʔ/ |
Part I - Phonology
Consonant chart
| Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Palato-alveolar | Palatal | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | <m> /m/ מ/ם |
<n> /n/ נ/ן |
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| Voiceless Stop1 | <p> /p/ פּ2 |
<t> /t/ תּ3 |
<k> /k/ כּ4 |
<'> /ʔ/ ע5 | ||
| Voiced Stop | <b> /b/ בּ |
<d> /d/ דּ |
<g> /g/ גּ |
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| Sibilant Affricate | <ś> /ʦ/ צ/ץ |
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| Voiceless Sibilant Fricative | <s> /s/ ס6 |
<š> /ʃ/ ש |
<h> /h/ ה7 | |||
| Voiced Sibilant Fricative | <z> /z/ ז |
|||||
| Voiceless Non-sibilant Fricative | <ṗ> /f/ פ/ף |
<ṭ> /θ/ ת |
<ḳ> /ç/ כ/ך8 |
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| Voiced Non-sibilant Fricative | <ḅ> /v/ ב |
<ḍ> /ð/ ד |
<ġ> /ɣ/ ג |
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| Approximant | <w> /w/ ו |
<y> /j/ י |
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| Trill | <r> /ɾ/ ר |
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| Lateral approximant | <l> /l/ ל |
Notes
- 1 The begadkepat consonants (p,g,d,k,t,b) are stops when word initial or when syllable initial following a consonant. Otherwise they are the respective fricatives /f/, /ɣ/, /ð/, /x/, /θ/ and /v/. The fricative graphemes in the Latin alphabet are indicated with a dot under the stop graphemes.
- 2 The dagesh is used to mark the stop consonants.
- 3 ט (tet) /t/ has been deleted from the alphabet and replaced in all instances by ת (taf) /t/.
- 4 ק (quf) has been deleted from the alphabet and replaced in all instances by כ (ka).
- 5 The glottal stop /ʔ/ (') <ע> is used only to separate contiguous vowels, e.g., נַעַר, na'ar, boy.
- 6 שׂ (sin) /s/ has been deleted from the alphabet and replaced in all instances by ס (sámex). Thus the dot is not needed for shin.
- 7 ה (he) has been deleted when syllable final.
- 8 ח (heth) has been deleted from the alphabet and replaced in all instances by כ (ka).
- Use of the five final forms is optional.
- There are no geminate consonants.
Vowel chart
| Front | Near Front | Cental | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i אִ | u אֻ | ||
| Close-mid | e אֵ | o אׇ | ||
| Mid | ă1 <ə> אְ | |||
| Open | a אַ |
Notes
- 1 Influenced by the Romanian ă.
- All vowels are of equal length.
- Syllabic and initial vowels are written under aleph, so there is no need for matres lectionis.
