Senjecas - List of Conjunctions: Difference between revisions

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==Coordinating conjunctions==
==Coordinating conjunctions==
*1. '''da''' connects two clauses or sentences: and.
*1. '''da''' connects two clauses or sentences: and.
::'''nu nu-se̋dom áfa e-ę̋ga da te̋rom e-vı̋da:'''
::'''nu nu-se̋dom áfa e-e̋e̋ga da te̋rom e-vı̋da:'''
:::She got up from her chair and left the room.
:::She got up from her chair and left the room.


*2. '''ésti''' denotes in spite of what preceded: but, however, yet, although, nevertheless, on the other hand  
*2. '''ésti''' denotes in spite of what preceded: but, however, yet, although, nevertheless, on the other hand  
::'''mu mum tum ᵶę̋nu e-na̋ma. ésti mu műnu e-vűa:'''
::'''mu mum tum że̋e̋nu e-na̋ma. ésti mu műnu e-vűa:'''
:::I thought I knew you, yet I was wrong.
:::I thought I knew you, yet I was wrong.


*3. '''éti''' denotes in addition to: plus, and in addition to, as well as.
*3. '''éti''' denotes in addition to: plus, and in addition to, as well as.
::'''ande̋ru ca̋bom éti sųmnı̨̋zom e-sa̋a:'''
::'''ande̋ru ṡa̋bom éti suumnı̋zom e-sa̋a:'''
:::In addition to the hat, the lady bought an umbrella.
:::In addition to the hat, the lady bought an umbrella.


*4. '''-ɱe''' denotes two alternatives, either of which could be true: or.
*4. '''-ṁe''' denotes two alternatives, either of which could be true: or.
::'''mą̋ma dőrküo tą́di ɱúm do alvɛðą̋nomɱe küa̋zomɱe u-tőᵹa:'''
::'''ma̋a̋ma dőrk̬o táádi ṁúm do alvëða̋a̋nomṁe k̬a̋zomṁe u-tőƣa:'''
:::Mother will bring us barley bread or wheat bread for supper.
:::Mother will bring us barley bread or wheat bread for supper.


*5. '''ɱo''' denotes a situation in which there are only two alternatives: or, or else.
*5. '''ṁo''' denotes a situation in which there are only two alternatives: or, or else.
::'''mum sűne ɱo gÿa̋le:'''
::'''mum sűne ṁo ɠa̋le:'''
:::Go with me or stay.
:::Go with me or stay.


*6. '''néɱo''' denotes negative alternative: or not.
*6. '''néṁo''' denotes negative alternative: or not.
::'''tu mum sűno néɱo:'''
::'''tu mum sűno néṁo:'''
:::You may go with me or not.
:::You may go with me or not.


*7. '''pÿűvi''' denotes a consequence; so-, (such-, -that).
*7. '''ƥűvi''' denotes a consequence; so-, (such-, -that).
::'''kétu mę̋’ a̋han e-sų̋ɱa. pÿűvi pa̋ðo e-ne̋va:'''
::'''kétu me̋e̋' a̋han e-sűűṁa. ƥűvi pa̋ðo e-ne̋va:'''
:::It rained so many days that the dam burst.
:::It rained so many days that the dam burst.


*8. '''þǫ́si''' denotes on the contrary: but (rather).
*8. '''þóósi''' denotes on the contrary: but (rather).
::'''lę̋gu e-tőpa. þǫ́si kétu xa̋lo e-e̋sa:'''
::'''le̋e̋gu e-tőpa. þóósi kétu xa̋lo e-e̋sa:'''
:::The doctor arrived but it was too late.
:::The doctor arrived but it was too late.


==Subordinating conjunctions==
==Subordinating conjunctions==
*9. '''ávi''' denotes at the moment when: as soon as.
*9. '''ávi''' denotes at the moment when: as soon as.
::'''ávi ha̋ɱaþu ı̋la. nőmom e-vıvı̋da:'''
::'''ávi ha̋ṁaþu ı̋la. nőmom e-vïvı̋da:'''
:::He had left home as soon as he was called.
:::He had left home as soon as he was called.


*10. '''ébi''' denotes possibility: in case, in the event that, if
*10. '''ébi''' denotes possibility: in case, in the event that, if
::'''ébi sų̋ɱo. ɱus nómþi u-gÿą̋la:'''
::'''ébi sűűṁo. ṁus nómþi u-ɠa̋a̋la:'''
:::If it rains, we'll stay home.
:::If it rains, we'll stay home.


*11. '''épi''' denotes in the same way that: as, so, in like manner, the way; in the capacity of.
*11. '''épi''' denotes in the same way that: as, so, in like manner, the way; in the capacity of.
::'''épi ę̋vlu ę̋va. mu nom u-kı̋a:'''
::'''épi e̋e̋vlu e̋e̋va. mu nom u-kı̋a:'''
:::I will do it as the commander has ordered.
:::I will do it as the commander has ordered.


*12. '''fési''' denotes up to the time that: before, until, ere.
*12. '''fési''' denotes up to the time that: before, until, ere.
::'''fési ɱúm le̋ðom e-tőpa. ðų̋o güa̋rom éva mę̋e sų̋ɱem e-pa̋usa:'''
::'''fési ṁu-le̋ðom e-tőpa. ðűűo ǧa̋rom éva mę̋e sűűṁem e-pa̋usa:'''
:::Before (ere) it reached our valley the storm dumped a lot of rain on the mountain.
:::Before (ere) it reached our valley the storm dumped a lot of rain on the mountain.


*13. '''hi''' denotes by or for the cause that: because, as, for, since, now that, given that.
*13. '''hi''' denotes by or for the cause that: because, as, for, since, now that, given that.
::'''hi lą̋ta ą́þvi tőpa. ɱus bázvi ną̋nu ke̋la:'''
::'''hi la̋a̋ta ááþvi tőpa. ṁus bázvi na̋a̋nu ke̋la:'''
:::We must return early since (because, as, for, given that) night falls quickly.
:::We must return early since (because, as, for, given that) night falls quickly.


*14. '''kÿára''' denotes in the circumstance(s) that: if, provided that, on the condition that, whether, as long as [with sbj.].
*14. '''k̨ára''' denotes in the circumstance(s) that: if, provided that, on the condition that, whether, as long as [with sbj.].
::'''kÿára mum e-sűno. vıva̋dos e̋so:'''
::'''k̨ára mum e-sűno. vïva̋dos e̋so:'''
:::It would be better if (provided that, as long as) you went with me.
:::It would be better if (provided that, as long as) you went with me.


*15. '''lácüi''' denotes in a manner suggesting: as if, as though, like [with sbj.].
*15. '''láṡ̬i''' denotes in a manner suggesting: as if, as though, like [with sbj.].
::'''láči tűmu síra vűo. mől̨u kı̋a:'''
::'''láṡ̬i tűmu síra vűo. mől̨u kı̋a:'''
:::The miller acts as if he were about to sneeze.
:::The miller acts as if he were about to sneeze.


*16. '''méi''' denotes varying through time in the same proportion that: as.
*16. '''méi''' denotes varying through time in the same proportion that: as.
::'''méi ðűo e-ȝőba. mu ziþa̋sa:'''
::'''méi ðűűo e-ȝőba. mu ziþa̋sa:'''
:::I began to worry as the storm approached.
:::I began to worry as the storm approached.


*17. '''metą́di''' denotes for fear that: lest, so that...not [with sbj.].
*17. '''metáádi''' denotes for fear that: lest, so that...not [with sbj.].
::'''metą́di nu-nőbon va̋no. nu bu a̋tu ke̋la:'''
::'''metáádi nu-nőbon va̋no. nu bu a̋tu ke̋la:'''
:::He should go outside for a moment lest (so that) he (not) damage his lungs.
:::He should go outside for a moment lest (so that) he (not) damage his lungs.


*18. '''méti''' denotes at such time as: when, at the same time-, -that, -as, at the time that, at the time(s) at which, whenever, while, during the time at which, as, as-, -long-, -soon-, -as.
*18. '''méti''' denotes at such time as: when, at the same time-, -that, -as, at the time that, at the time(s) at which, whenever, while, during the time at which, as, as-, -long-, -soon-, -as.
::'''méti num tűma e-a̋ɱa. ɱus étu tőnom e-a̋ɱa:'''
::'''méti ṁus num tűmu e-a̋ṁa. étu tőnom e-a̋ṁa:'''
:::When we heard him sneeze, we also heard the thunder.
:::When we heard him sneeze, we also heard the thunder.


*19. '''mǫ́di''' denotes in such or which way: how
*19. '''móódi''' denotes in such or which way: how
::'''mǫ́di mu dőþom de̋xu mą̋ᵹa. są̋ra:'''
::'''móódi mu dőþom de̋xu ma̋a̋ƣa. sa̋a̋ra:'''
:::I know how I can get some money.
:::I know how I can get some money.


*20. '''nǫ́li''' denotes to such an extent: insofar as, inasmuch as, in that.
*20. '''nóóli''' denotes to such an extent: insofar as, inasmuch as, in that.
::'''nǫ́li ɱı̋ru kőuku e-e̋sa. ɱun e-þőna:'''
::'''nóóli ṁı̋ru kőuku e-e̋sa. ṁun e-þőna:'''
:::Inasmuch as the man was a cripple, he helped us.
:::Inasmuch as the man was a cripple, he helped us.


*21. '''ópi''' introduces an indirect question : whether
*21. '''ópi''' introduces an indirect question: whether
::'''ópi atı̨̋ha. mu są̋ra ne:'''
::'''ópi atı̋ı̋ha. mu sa̋a̋ra ne:'''
:::I do not know whether I want to go.
:::I do not know whether I want to go.


*22. '''pósi''' denotes that an action takes place after another action: after.
*22. '''pósi''' denotes that an action takes place after another action: after.
::'''pósi sų̋ɱe u-de̋usa. tu le̋idu tą́da vı̋do:'''
::'''pósi sűűṁe u-de̋usa. tu le̋idu tááda vı̋do:'''
:::You may go out to play after the rain stops.
:::You may go out to play after the rain stops.


*24. '''są́mi''' denotes a concession: though, although, while, notwithstanding, even-, -if,  -though, albeit.
*24. '''sáámi''' denotes a concession: though, although, while, notwithstanding, even-, -if,  -though, albeit.
::'''są́mi sų̋ɱe fésvi nımę̋' a̋han e-de̋usa. kı̋lrus éstu güarfǫ̋lan ną̋a:'''
::'''sáámi sűűṁe fésvi nıme̋e̋' a̋han e-de̋usa. kı̋lrus éstu ǧarfǫ̋lan na̋a̋a:'''
:::Although the rain stopped several days ago, the [Lithan] villagers still fear landslides.
:::Although the rain stopped several days ago, the [Lithan] villagers still fear landslides.


*25. '''sį́ri''' denotes up to a certain time or place: as far/much/ many as, until.
*25. '''sííri''' denotes up to a certain time or place: as far/much/ many as, until.
::'''sį́ri dą̋es e-þ̇a̋la. sų̋ɱu e-sę̋ra:'''
::'''sííri da̋a̋es e-þ̨a̋la. sűűṁu e-seere̋la:'''
:::It rained and rained until the rivers overflowed.
:::It rained and rained until the rivers overflowed.


*26. '''síti''' denotes as example: as, such as, for example, by way of.
*26. '''síti''' denotes as example: as, such as, for example, by way of.
::'''síti ɱus fésu nına̋ka neánu. güa̋lam ga̋uða:'''
::'''síti ṁus fésu nïna̋ka neánu. ǧa̋lam ga̋uða:'''
:::We are experiencing a drought such as we’ve never seen before.
:::We are experiencing a drought such as we’ve never seen before.


*27. '''sómi''' denotes a comparison: like; than [when comparing sentences].  
*27. '''sómi''' denotes a comparison: like; than [when comparing sentences].  
::'''sómi num. mu gą́mu tum ka̋a:'''
::'''sómi num. mu gáámu tum ka̋a:'''
:::I like you more than (I like) her.
:::I like you more than (I like) her.


::'''sómi nu tum ka̋a. mu gą́mu tum ka̋a:'''
::'''sómi nu tum ka̋a. mu gáámu tum ka̋a:'''
:::I like you more than she does (likes you).
:::I like you more than she does (likes you).


*28. '''süi''' denotes an exception to a previous statement: except (that), but (that), were it not that.
*28. '''ši''' denotes an exception to a previous statement: except (that), but (that), were it not that.
::'''süi mu-mőre nınẽca. mu me̋xam vı̋do:'''
::'''ši mu-mőre nïne̋ṡa. mu me̋xam vı̋do:'''
:::I would leave the country but (that) (except that, were it not that) my horse has died.
:::I would leave the country but (that) (except that, were it not that) my horse has died.


*29. '''tą́di''' denotes purpose: so that, in order that [with sbj.].
*29. '''táádi''' denotes purpose: so that, in order that [with sbj.].
::'''tą́di mu ta̋ᵹom tődo. fúnen sa' u-ke̋la:'''
::'''táádi mu ta̋ƣom tődo. fúnen sa' u-ke̋la:'''
:::I will have to buy another so that I may start the journey.
:::I will have to buy another so that I may start the journey.


*30. '''toą́ri''' denotes in a certain case: then [apodosis]
*30. '''toáári''' denotes in a certain case: then [apodosis]
::'''toą́ri taᵹe̋dom sa̋' u-ke̋la. da mu fúnen sa̋o:'''
::'''ébi mu fúnen sa̋o. toáári taƣe̋dom sa̋' u-ke̋la:'''
:::If I buy another, (then) I will have to buy provisions.
:::If I buy another, (then) I will have to buy provisions.


*31. '''vái''' denotes at or in which place or situation: where.
*31. '''vái''' denotes at or in which place or situation: where.
::'''vái mu-tą̋zlos e-ðę̋a. mu ɱyɱűna:'''
::'''vái mu-ta̋a̋zlos e-ðe̋e̋a. mu ṁÿṁűna:'''
:::I have forgotten where I put my keys.
:::I have forgotten where I put my keys.


==Correlative conjunctions==
==Correlative conjunctions==
*32. '''épi ...épi...''' denotes a comparison of the same way or like manner: as...so....
*32. '''épi ...épi...''' denotes a comparison of the same way or like manner: as...so....
::'''épi t’ u-sę̋a. épi t’ u-mę̋þa:'''
::'''épi t’ u-se̋e̋a. épi t’ u-me̋e̋þa:'''
:::As you sow, so shall you reap.
:::As you sow, so shall you reap.


*33. '''-küe...-küe''' connects two words: and.
*33. '''-k̬e...-k̬e''' connects two words: and.
::'''nu' sa̋xomküe ka̋komküe küa̋zomküe tőᵹu mǫ́da u-aðne̋ma:'''
::'''nu' sa̋xomk̬e ka̋komk̬e k̬a̋zomk̬e tőƣu móóda u-aðne̋ma:'''
:::They will contribute by bringing beer, chicken and bread.
:::They will contribute by bringing beer, chicken and bread.


*34. '''ɱo... ɱo...''' denotes a situation in which there are only two alternatives: either...or.tu
*34. '''ṁo... ṁo...''' denotes a situation in which there are only two alternatives: either...or.
::'''ɱo tús dőrküom ávi u-e̋da ɱo u-dę̋a:'''
::'''tu ṁo tu-dőrk̬om ávi u-e̋da ṁo u-de̋e̋a:'''
:::You will either eat your dinner right now or you will go to bed.
:::You will either eat your dinner right now or you will go to bed.


*35. '''néküe...néküe''' denotes the negative of either; neither... nor.  
*35. '''nék̬e...nék̬e''' denotes the negative of either; neither... nor.  
::'''néküe se̋sos néküe gűno bőþam ápa sőþlum e-sűka:'''
::'''nék̬e se̋sos nék̬e gűno bőþam ápa sőþlum e-sűka:'''
:::Neither threats nor torture turned the soldier from his duty.
:::Neither threats nor torture turned the soldier from his duty.


*36. '''ne sólvi... þǫ́s' étu''', not only...but also.
*36. '''ne sólvi... þóósi étu''', not only...but also.
::'''ne sólvi gőbu vűa. þǫ́s' étu ᵹǫsą̋ru vűa:'''
::'''ne sólvi gőbu vűa. þóósi étu ƣosa̋a̋ru vűa:'''
:::Not only is he handsome, (but) he is also brilliant.
:::Not only is he handsome, (but) he is also brilliant.


*37. '''ópi...ópi...''' denotes multiple alternative possibilities; whether...or.  
*37. '''ópi...ópi...''' denotes multiple alternative possibilities; whether...or.  
::'''ébi tu gÿą̋la. ébi a̋ta tús re̋ko e̋sa:'''
::'''ébi tu ɠa̋a̋la. ébi a̋ta tu-re̋ko e̋sa:'''
:::Whether you stay or go is your decision.
:::Whether you stay or go is your decision.


*38. '''sómi...sómi...''', just as...so.
*38. '''sómi...sómi...''', (just) as...so.
::'''sóm’ iðrÿőnus ɱɵðga̋þon ᵶűsa. sómi ąþÿőnusɛ sÿǫfga̋þon ᵶűsa:'''
::'''sóm’ iðr̨őnus ṁõðga̋þon żűsa. sómi aaþ̨őnusë s̨oofga̋þon żűsa:'''
:::Just as Ethrans love rosehips, so Pyrans love sloe berries.
:::Just as Ethrans love rosehips, so Pyrans love sloe berries.


*39. '''vǫ́i...vǫ́i...''' denotes including two alternatives; both...and...
*39. '''vóói...vóói...''' denotes including two alternatives; both...and...
::'''vǫ́i sőþlus vǫ́i kǫ̋vus me̋bom do u-güe̋ma:'''
::'''vóói sőþlus vóói kőővus me̋bom do u-ǧe̋ma:'''
:::Both the soldiers and the nobles will come to the dance.
:::Both the soldiers and the nobles will come to the dance.

Revision as of 10:06, 14 March 2017

Pronunciation table

p b f v ṁ m t d þ ð ɫ l ṡ ż s z r n k g x ƣ h ȝ š s̨ i e a õ o u ï ë ÿ
/p/ /b/ /ɸ/ /β/ /m̥/ /m/ /t/ /d/ /θ/ /ð/ /l̥/ /l/ /ʦ/ /ʣ/ /s/ /z/ /ɾ̥/ /n/ /k/ /g/ /ç/ /ʝ/ /j̊/ /j/ /sʷ/ /sʲ/ /i/ /e/ /ä/ /ɒ/ /o/ /u/ /ɪ/ /ɛ/ /ʊ/


Coordinating conjunctions

  • 1. da connects two clauses or sentences: and.
nu nu-se̋dom áfa e-e̋e̋ga da te̋rom e-vı̋da:
She got up from her chair and left the room.
  • 2. ésti denotes in spite of what preceded: but, however, yet, although, nevertheless, on the other hand
mu mum tum że̋e̋nu e-na̋ma. ésti mu műnu e-vűa:
I thought I knew you, yet I was wrong.
  • 3. éti denotes in addition to: plus, and in addition to, as well as.
ande̋ru ṡa̋bom éti suumnı̋zom e-sa̋a:
In addition to the hat, the lady bought an umbrella.
  • 4. -ṁe denotes two alternatives, either of which could be true: or.
ma̋a̋ma dőrk̬o táádi ṁúm do alvëða̋a̋nomṁe k̬a̋zomṁe u-tőƣa:
Mother will bring us barley bread or wheat bread for supper.
  • 5. ṁo denotes a situation in which there are only two alternatives: or, or else.
mum sűne ṁo ɠa̋le:
Go with me or stay.
  • 6. néṁo denotes negative alternative: or not.
tu mum sűno néṁo:
You may go with me or not.
  • 7. ƥűvi denotes a consequence; so-, (such-, -that).
kétu me̋e̋' a̋han e-sűűṁa. ƥűvi pa̋ðo e-ne̋va:
It rained so many days that the dam burst.
  • 8. þóósi denotes on the contrary: but (rather).
le̋e̋gu e-tőpa. þóósi kétu xa̋lo e-e̋sa:
The doctor arrived but it was too late.


Subordinating conjunctions

  • 9. ávi denotes at the moment when: as soon as.
ávi ha̋ṁaþu ı̋la. nőmom e-vïvı̋da:
He had left home as soon as he was called.
  • 10. ébi denotes possibility: in case, in the event that, if
ébi sűűṁo. ṁus nómþi u-ɠa̋a̋la:
If it rains, we'll stay home.
  • 11. épi denotes in the same way that: as, so, in like manner, the way; in the capacity of.
épi e̋e̋vlu e̋e̋va. mu nom u-kı̋a:
I will do it as the commander has ordered.
  • 12. fési denotes up to the time that: before, until, ere.
fési ṁu-le̋ðom e-tőpa. ðűűo ǧa̋rom éva mę̋e sűűṁem e-pa̋usa:
Before (ere) it reached our valley the storm dumped a lot of rain on the mountain.
  • 13. hi denotes by or for the cause that: because, as, for, since, now that, given that.
hi la̋a̋ta ááþvi tőpa. ṁus bázvi na̋a̋nu ke̋la:
We must return early since (because, as, for, given that) night falls quickly.
  • 14. k̨ára denotes in the circumstance(s) that: if, provided that, on the condition that, whether, as long as [with sbj.].
k̨ára mum e-sűno. vïva̋dos e̋so:
It would be better if (provided that, as long as) you went with me.
  • 15. láṡ̬i denotes in a manner suggesting: as if, as though, like [with sbj.].
láṡ̬i tűmu síra vűo. mől̨u kı̋a:
The miller acts as if he were about to sneeze.
  • 16. méi denotes varying through time in the same proportion that: as.
méi ðűűo e-ȝőba. mu ziþa̋sa:
I began to worry as the storm approached.
  • 17. metáádi denotes for fear that: lest, so that...not [with sbj.].
metáádi nu-nőbon va̋no. nu bu a̋tu ke̋la:
He should go outside for a moment lest (so that) he (not) damage his lungs.
  • 18. méti denotes at such time as: when, at the same time-, -that, -as, at the time that, at the time(s) at which, whenever, while, during the time at which, as, as-, -long-, -soon-, -as.
méti ṁus num tűmu e-a̋ṁa. étu tőnom e-a̋ṁa:
When we heard him sneeze, we also heard the thunder.
  • 19. móódi denotes in such or which way: how
móódi mu dőþom de̋xu ma̋a̋ƣa. sa̋a̋ra:
I know how I can get some money.
  • 20. nóóli denotes to such an extent: insofar as, inasmuch as, in that.
nóóli ṁı̋ru kőuku e-e̋sa. ṁun e-þőna:
Inasmuch as the man was a cripple, he helped us.
  • 21. ópi introduces an indirect question: whether
ópi atı̋ı̋ha. mu sa̋a̋ra ne:
I do not know whether I want to go.
  • 22. pósi denotes that an action takes place after another action: after.
pósi sűűṁe u-de̋usa. tu le̋idu tááda vı̋do:
You may go out to play after the rain stops.
  • 24. sáámi denotes a concession: though, although, while, notwithstanding, even-, -if, -though, albeit.
sáámi sűűṁe fésvi nıme̋e̋' a̋han e-de̋usa. kı̋lrus éstu ǧarfǫ̋lan na̋a̋a:
Although the rain stopped several days ago, the [Lithan] villagers still fear landslides.
  • 25. sííri denotes up to a certain time or place: as far/much/ many as, until.
sííri da̋a̋es e-þ̨a̋la. sűűṁu e-seere̋la:
It rained and rained until the rivers overflowed.
  • 26. síti denotes as example: as, such as, for example, by way of.
síti ṁus fésu nïna̋ka neánu. ǧa̋lam ga̋uða:
We are experiencing a drought such as we’ve never seen before.
  • 27. sómi denotes a comparison: like; than [when comparing sentences].
sómi num. mu gáámu tum ka̋a:
I like you more than (I like) her.
sómi nu tum ka̋a. mu gáámu tum ka̋a:
I like you more than she does (likes you).
  • 28. ši denotes an exception to a previous statement: except (that), but (that), were it not that.
ši mu-mőre nïne̋ṡa. mu me̋xam vı̋do:
I would leave the country but (that) (except that, were it not that) my horse has died.
  • 29. táádi denotes purpose: so that, in order that [with sbj.].
táádi mu ta̋ƣom tődo. fúnen sa' u-ke̋la:
I will have to buy another so that I may start the journey.
  • 30. toáári denotes in a certain case: then [apodosis]
ébi mu fúnen sa̋o. toáári taƣe̋dom sa̋' u-ke̋la:
If I buy another, (then) I will have to buy provisions.
  • 31. vái denotes at or in which place or situation: where.
vái mu-ta̋a̋zlos e-ðe̋e̋a. mu ṁÿṁűna:
I have forgotten where I put my keys.


Correlative conjunctions

  • 32. épi ...épi... denotes a comparison of the same way or like manner: as...so....
épi t’ u-se̋e̋a. épi t’ u-me̋e̋þa:
As you sow, so shall you reap.
  • 33. -k̬e...-k̬e connects two words: and.
nu' sa̋xomk̬e ka̋komk̬e k̬a̋zomk̬e tőƣu móóda u-aðne̋ma:
They will contribute by bringing beer, chicken and bread.
  • 34. ṁo... ṁo... denotes a situation in which there are only two alternatives: either...or.
tu ṁo tu-dőrk̬om ávi u-e̋da ṁo u-de̋e̋a:
You will either eat your dinner right now or you will go to bed.
  • 35. nék̬e...nék̬e denotes the negative of either; neither... nor.
nék̬e se̋sos nék̬e gűno bőþam ápa sőþlum e-sűka:
Neither threats nor torture turned the soldier from his duty.
  • 36. ne sólvi... þóósi étu, not only...but also.
ne sólvi gőbu vűa. þóósi étu ƣosa̋a̋ru vűa:
Not only is he handsome, (but) he is also brilliant.
  • 37. ópi...ópi... denotes multiple alternative possibilities; whether...or.
ébi tu ɠa̋a̋la. ébi a̋ta tu-re̋ko e̋sa:
Whether you stay or go is your decision.
  • 38. sómi...sómi..., (just) as...so.
sóm’ iðr̨őnus ṁõðga̋þon żűsa. sómi aaþ̨őnusë s̨oofga̋þon żűsa:
Just as Ethrans love rosehips, so Pyrans love sloe berries.
  • 39. vóói...vóói... denotes including two alternatives; both...and...
vóói sőþlus vóói kőővus me̋bom do u-ǧe̋ma:
Both the soldiers and the nobles will come to the dance.
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