User:Masako/pataka: Difference between revisions
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= word order = | |||
The basic word order in Kala is [[Wikipedia:Subject–object–verb|SOV]]. | |||
= nouns = | |||
* Nouns can be marked plural by '''-m''' (or '''-lo''' if the consonant in the final syllable is /m/). The collective plural is '''tli-'''. | |||
* Gender is not normally marked but can be by '''-na''' (FEM), '''-ta''' (MASC), or nouns such as '''naka''', '''tlaka''', '''nahi''', or '''tahi''' (''the woman, the man, the girl, the boy''), etc. | |||
= determiners = | |||
Determiners precede the noun they modify in Kala. | |||
* '''itla''' ('''i-''') - this (near me) | |||
* '''uatla''' ('''ua-''') - that (near you) | |||
* '''yetla''' ('''ye-''') - that (over there) | |||
Quantifiers follow the noun that modify. | |||
* '''kua''' ('''-kua''') - all; every; whole | |||
* '''oli''' ('''-li''') - each; every | |||
* '''ula''' ('''-la''') - whatever; any; some | |||
* '''mi''' ('''-mi''') - few; little | |||
* '''nke''' ('''-k''') - none | |||
* '''mpa''' ('''-mpa''') - many; much; a lot | |||
* '''maha''' - more; plus | |||
* '''ohi''' - less; fewer | |||
= pronouns = | |||
There are four persons in Kala. The 4th being inanimate, or indefinite. There is a special pronoun '''na'am''' which is used as the 1st person plural exclusive, meaning "We, but not you." The 3rd person plural is irregular, all other pronoun decline regularly. | |||
* '''na''' - 1st person | |||
* '''ta''' - 2nd person | |||
* '''ha''' - 3rd person | |||
* '''tla''' - 4th person ("it", "one") | |||
<br> | |||
* '''-m''' - plural | |||
* '''-yo''' - possessive | |||
* '''-e''' - patient | |||
* '''-i''' - reflexive | |||
* '''-nku''' - reciprocal (only attaches to plural pronouns) | |||
Revision as of 15:48, 2 March 2016
word order
The basic word order in Kala is SOV.
nouns
- Nouns can be marked plural by -m (or -lo if the consonant in the final syllable is /m/). The collective plural is tli-.
- Gender is not normally marked but can be by -na (FEM), -ta (MASC), or nouns such as naka, tlaka, nahi, or tahi (the woman, the man, the girl, the boy), etc.
determiners
Determiners precede the noun they modify in Kala.
- itla (i-) - this (near me)
- uatla (ua-) - that (near you)
- yetla (ye-) - that (over there)
Quantifiers follow the noun that modify.
- kua (-kua) - all; every; whole
- oli (-li) - each; every
- ula (-la) - whatever; any; some
- mi (-mi) - few; little
- nke (-k) - none
- mpa (-mpa) - many; much; a lot
- maha - more; plus
- ohi - less; fewer
pronouns
There are four persons in Kala. The 4th being inanimate, or indefinite. There is a special pronoun na'am which is used as the 1st person plural exclusive, meaning "We, but not you." The 3rd person plural is irregular, all other pronoun decline regularly.
- na - 1st person
- ta - 2nd person
- ha - 3rd person
- tla - 4th person ("it", "one")
- -m - plural
- -yo - possessive
- -e - patient
- -i - reflexive
- -nku - reciprocal (only attaches to plural pronouns)
