User:Masako/pataka

word order

The basic word order in Kala is SOV.

nouns

• Nouns can be marked plural by -m (or -lo if the consonant in the final syllable is /m/). The collective plural is tli-.

• Gender is not normally marked but can be by -na (FEM), -ta (MASC), or nouns such as naka, tlaka, nahi, or tahi (the woman, the man, the girl, the boy), etc.

determiners

Determiners precede the noun they modify in Kala.

• itla (i-) - this (near me)
• uatla (ua-) - that (near you)
• yetla (ye-) - that (over there)

Quantifiers follow the noun that modify.

• kua (-kua) - all; every; whole
• oli (-li) - each; every
• ula (-la) - whatever; any; some
• mi (-mi) - few; little
• nke (-k) - none
• mpa (-mpa) - many; much; a lot
• maha - more; plus
• ohi - less; fewer

pronouns

There are four persons in Kala. The 4th being inanimate, or indefinite. There is a special pronoun na'am which is used as the 1st person plural exclusive, meaning "We, but not you." The 3rd person plural is irregular, all other pronoun decline regularly.

• na - 1st person
• ta - 2nd person
• ha - 3rd person
• tla - 4th person ("it", "one")

• -m - plural
• -yo - possessive
• -e - patient
• -i - reflexive
• -nku - reciprocal (only attaches to plural pronouns)