Xetlaqui: Difference between revisions

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==Grammar==
==Grammar==
Xetlaqui is an agglutinative language with declensions for names and adjectives and very few irregular verbs. Nouns and adjectives are gender neutral.
===Declensions===
There are three declensions and seven cases in Xetlaqui.
====First declension====
Nouns of this declension end in consonant in the nominative singular. The predominant letters in the ending forms of this declension are ''e'' and ''o''. Nouns ending with a vowel followed by a single consonant (except for ''d'', ''l'', ''t'', ''th'' and ''tl'') form the plural by adding ''-tli'' instead of ''-i''. Nouns ending with a vowel followed by ''l'' form the plural by dropping the ''l'' and adding ''-lli''.
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" |
! colspan="2" | '''''xith''<br />star
! colspan="2" | '''''thep''<br />mountain
! colspan="2" | '''''chal''<br /> house, home
|-
! colspan="1" | '''Singular'''
! colspan="1" | '''Plural'''
! colspan="1" | '''Singular'''
! colspan="1" | '''Plural'''
! colspan="1" | '''Singular'''
! colspan="1" | '''Plural'''
|-
! '''Nominative'''
| xith || xith'''i''' || thep || thep'''tli''' || cha'''l''' || cha'''lli'''
|-
! '''Genitive'''
| xith'''e''' || xith'''ek''' || thep'''e''' || thep'''tlek''' || cha'''le''' || cha'''llek'''
|-
! '''Dative'''
| xith'''ur''' || xith'''uri''' || thep'''ur''' || thep'''tluri''' || cha'''lur''' || cha'''lluri'''
|-
! '''Accusative'''
| xith'''o''' || xith'''ok''' || thep'''o''' || thep'''tlok''' || cha'''lo''' || cha'''llok'''
|-
! '''Instrumental'''
| xith'''od''' || xith'''odi''' || thep'''od''' || thep'''tlodi''' || cha'''lod''' || cha'''llodi'''
|-
! '''Active'''
| xith'''eri''' || xith'''erik''' || thep'''eri''' || thep'''tlerik''' || cha'''leri''' || cha'''llerik'''
|-
! '''Predicative'''
| xith'''en''' || xith'''eni''' || thep'''en''' || thep'''tleni''' || cha'''len''' || cha'''lleni'''
|-
|}

Revision as of 00:34, 17 July 2014

Xetlaqui is an a priori conlang created by Elia Ansaloni in 2013 and currently under development. The name Xetlaqui literally means "good language". It is intended to be part of a fantasy setting, being spoken by a human race living in a vast region known as Xinchal or the Hive.

Although Xetlaqui is an a priori conlang, it has been inspired by several natural languages, mainly Nahuatl, Basque, Armenian, Irish and Korean. It is designed to reflect the philosophy of the Hive, also known as Yeotl Han (literally "All is one"), which sees completeness and wholeness as perfection.

Phonology

Consonants

Xetlaqui consonants
Bilabial Labio-
dental 		Dental Alveolar Post-
alveolar 		Palatal Velar Glottal
Central Lateral Plain Labialized
Nasal m n
Plosive p t d k g kʷ ʔ
Affricate ʦ ʣ tɬ ʧ
Fricative ɸ θ ð s z ɬ ʃ h
Approximant ʋ ɫ j
Trill r

Vowels

Xetlaqui consonants
Front Back
Close i u
Mid e eº o
Open-mid ɛ ɛº ɔ
Open ä äº

Alphabet

Xetlaqui has its own writing style (which is currently being developed), but can be transcribed using Latin characters. The alphabet has a one to one letter-sound correspondence, even if few letters can be read in two different ways.

Latin script Pronunciation Further information
a [ä]
ao [äᵒ] The stress never falls on "o".
ch [ʧ]
d [d] / [ð] Pronounced as [ð] when ending a word or when followed by an apostrophe.
e [ɛ] / [e] Generally pronounced as [ɛ] when the stress falls on it, but the two are equivalent.
eo [ɛᵒ] / [eᵒ] The stress never falls on "o".
g [g]
h [h] / [ʔ] Pronounced as [h] only at the beginning of a word.
i [i] Never pronounced as [j].
k [k]
l [ɬ] Pronounced as [l] in some dialects.
ll [ɫ]
m [m]
n [n]
o [ɔ] / [o] Generally pronounced as [ɔ] when the stress falls on it, but the two are equivalent.
p [p]
ph [ɸ]
qu [kʷ] Always followed by a, e, i or o.
r [r]
sh [ʃ]
t [t]
th [θ]
tl [tɬ]
tz [ʦ]
u [u] Never pronounced as [w].
v [ʋ]
x [ʣ] -
y [j] -
z [s] / [z] No specific rule about its use as voiced or voiceless.

Grammar

Xetlaqui is an agglutinative language with declensions for names and adjectives and very few irregular verbs. Nouns and adjectives are gender neutral.

Declensions

There are three declensions and seven cases in Xetlaqui.

First declension

Nouns of this declension end in consonant in the nominative singular. The predominant letters in the ending forms of this declension are e and o. Nouns ending with a vowel followed by a single consonant (except for d, l, t, th and tl) form the plural by adding -tli instead of -i. Nouns ending with a vowel followed by l form the plural by dropping the l and adding -lli.

xith
star 		thep
mountain 		chal
house, home
Singular Plural Singular Plural Singular Plural
Nominative xith xithi thep theptli chal challi
Genitive xithe xithek thepe theptlek chale challek
Dative xithur xithuri thepur theptluri chalur challuri
Accusative xitho xithok thepo theptlok chalo challok
Instrumental xithod xithodi thepod theptlodi chalod challodi
Active xitheri xitherik theperi theptlerik chaleri challerik
Predicative xithen xitheni thepen theptleni chalen challeni
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