Proto-Austronesian Hebrew/Morphology: Difference between revisions
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m (relative pronoun) |
(first attempt at pronouns) |
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== Pronouns == | == Pronouns == | ||
=== Personal - Independent === | |||
Personal pronouns are often omitted, except in verbless clauses. There are two forms: one can exist independently and the other is a suffix attached to the construct/pronominal-state noun. | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="float:left;" | |||
|+ First person | |||
| case | |||
! Common | |||
| # | |||
|- | |||
! style="vertical-align:middle;" | N | |||
| 'anu | |||
! rowspan="3" | sing. | |||
|- | |||
! style="vertical-align:middle;" | A | |||
| 'ana | |||
|- | |||
! style="vertical-align:middle;" | G | |||
| 'ani | |||
|- | |||
! style="vertical-align:middle;" | N | |||
| 'aneyma | |||
! rowspan="2" | dual | |||
|- | |||
! style="vertical-align:middle;" | O | |||
| 'aneymi | |||
|- | |||
! style="vertical-align:middle;" | N | |||
| 'anuma | |||
! rowspan="2" | pl. | |||
|- | |||
! style="vertical-align:middle;" | O | |||
| 'anima | |||
|} | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="float:left;" | |||
|+ Second person | |||
| case | |||
! Masc. | |||
! Fem. | |||
| # | |||
|- | |||
! style="vertical-align:middle;" | N | |||
| 'āttu | |||
| 'ātti | |||
! rowspan="3" | sing | |||
|- | |||
! style="vertical-align:middle;" | A | |||
| kāta | |||
| kāti | |||
|- | |||
! style="vertical-align:middle;" | | |||
| kāñi | |||
| kāño | |||
|} | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="float:left;" | |||
|+ Third person | |||
| case | |||
! Masc. | |||
! Fem. | |||
| # | |||
|- | |||
! style="vertical-align:middle;" | N | |||
| | |||
|} | |||
<br clear="both" /> | |||
=== Personal - Suffix === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
| | |||
! Sing. || Dual || Pl. | |||
|- | |||
! 1c | |||
| -y | |||
| -ny | |||
| -nw | |||
|- | |||
! 2m | |||
| -ka | |||
| rowspan="2" | -yka | |||
| -kēm | |||
|- | |||
! 2f | |||
| -k/-ek/-eyk | |||
| -kēn | |||
|- | |||
! 3m | |||
| -u/-hu | |||
| -am | |||
| -hēm | |||
|- | |||
! 3f | |||
| -h/-ah | |||
| -an | |||
| -hēn | |||
|} | |||
=== Relative === | |||
The relative pronoun in PAH seems to be derived from the Arabic/Ugaritic pronoun *ðu-. The progress of the consonant seems to have been *ð > *z > *s in the singular and *ʕ > *g in the plural. | The relative pronoun in PAH seems to be derived from the Arabic/Ugaritic pronoun *ðu-. The progress of the consonant seems to have been *ð > *z > *s in the singular and *ʕ > *g in the plural. | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
| case | | case | ||
! | ! Masc. | ||
! | ! Fem. | ||
| | | # | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="vertical-align:middle;" | N | ! style="vertical-align:middle;" | N | ||
| ス<br />su | | ス<br />su | ||
| サツ<br />satu | | サツ<br />satu | ||
! rowspan="3" | | ! rowspan="3" | sing. | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="vertical-align:middle;" | G | ! style="vertical-align:middle;" | G |
Revision as of 18:32, 27 December 2012
Nouns
Simple, Concrete, Masc.
II
-begadqapac
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Direct | ダバル DaBaRu |
DaBaRama def. |
DaBaRuma def. |
Locative | ダバロㇷ DaBaRoh |
DaBaRomi def. |
DaBaRoma def. |
Accusative | DaBaRa def. |
DaBaRema def. |
DaBaRima def. |
Pronouns
Personal - Independent
Personal pronouns are often omitted, except in verbless clauses. There are two forms: one can exist independently and the other is a suffix attached to the construct/pronominal-state noun.
case | Common | # |
---|---|---|
N | 'anu | sing. |
A | 'ana | |
G | 'ani | |
N | 'aneyma | dual |
O | 'aneymi | |
N | 'anuma | pl. |
O | 'anima |
case | Masc. | Fem. | # |
---|---|---|---|
N | 'āttu | 'ātti | sing |
A | kāta | kāti | |
kāñi | kāño |
case | Masc. | Fem. | # |
---|---|---|---|
N |
Personal - Suffix
Sing. | Dual | Pl. | |
---|---|---|---|
1c | -y | -ny | -nw |
2m | -ka | -yka | -kēm |
2f | -k/-ek/-eyk | -kēn | |
3m | -u/-hu | -am | -hēm |
3f | -h/-ah | -an | -hēn |
Relative
The relative pronoun in PAH seems to be derived from the Arabic/Ugaritic pronoun *ðu-. The progress of the consonant seems to have been *ð > *z > *s in the singular and *ʕ > *g in the plural.
case | Masc. | Fem. | # |
---|---|---|---|
N | ス su |
サツ satu |
sing. |
G | シ si |
サチ sati | |
A | サ sa |
サタ sata | |
N | サワ sawa |
サゥタ sawta |
dual |
O | サワィ saway |
サゥタィ sawtay | |
N | グル gulu |
グラツ gulatu |
plural |
O | グリ guli |
グラチ gulati |