Proto-Uralic/E: Difference between revisions

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*e_a → Finnic ''*e_ä'', Samic ''*ea_é'', Mordvinic ''*i'', Permic ''*oo'', Mansi ''*ä'', Khanty ''*e'' (/''*ö'' next to a velar), Samoyedic ''*i''
*e_a → Finnic ''*e_ä'', Samic ''*ea_é'', Mordvinic ''*i'', Permic ''*oo'', Mansi ''*ä'', Khanty ''*e'' (/''*ö'' next to a velar), Samoyedic ''*ê'' (not ''*i!'')
For *e_i, see comparision over at [[Proto-Uralic/new|*ê]].
For *e_i, see comparision over at [[Proto-Uralic/new|*ê]].
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|-
|-
| "to liv"
| "to liv"
| *elä- || *ealē- || - || *ɪle- || *ool- || eel- || *jäl- || *jeɬ- || '''*êlä-'''
| *elä- || *ealē- || - || *ɪle- || *ool- || eel- || *jäl- || *jeɬ- || ''*êlä-''
| Is ObU *j- original?
| Is ObU *j- original?
|-
|-
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|-
|-
| "ear"
| "ear"
| - || *pealjē || *piĺə || *pələš || '''*peĺ''' || '''fül''' || *päĺ || *peɬ || -
| - || *pealjē || *piĺɜ || *pələš || '''*peĺ''' || '''fül''' || *päĺ || *peɬ || -
|-
|-
| "big, uncle"
| "big, uncle"
| *enä || *eanē || ińe || - || '''*uuna''' || - || *jänə || *enə || *inä
| *enä || *eanē || *ińɜ || - || '''*uuna''' || - || *jänə || *enə || ''*ênä''
|-
|-
| "back"
| "back"
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|-
|-
| "pine"
| "pine"
| *petäkä || *peacē || piče || style="color:red"| ''*pʏnće'' || *poožɨm || - || - || - || -
| *petäkä || *peacē || *pičɜ || style="color:red"| ''*pʏnće'' || *poožɨm || - || - || - || -
|-
|-
| "uncle"
| "uncle"
| style="color:red"| *setä || style="color:red"| *čeacē || čiče || ''*čʏčö'' || *čoož || - || *šäša || - || '''*čêčä'''
| style="color:red"| *setä || style="color:red"| *čeacē || Er. čiče || ''*čʏčö'' || *čoož || - || *šäša || - || ''*čêčä''
| Sibilant assimilation west of F/S? K. also ćož
| Sibilant assimilation west of F/S? K. also ćož
|-
|-
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| - || *eaccē || - || - || - || - || - || *ješəɣ || -
| - || *eaccē || - || - || - || - || - || *ješəɣ || -
| Weak.
| Weak.
|-
| "ring"
| *kehä || '''*kēsɤ''' || style="color:red"| ('''či''') || '''*keče''' || '''*kɨč''' || keeɟ || style="color:green"| '''*kiš''' || *köč ||
| East *ê, West mostly *ä. Mo. "sun" may not belong
|-
|-
| "ring"
| "ring"
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| "fox"
| "fox"
| *repä || *rēp- || ŕiveś || '''*rəwəž''' || *ruć(i) || '''ravas''' || || ||
| *repä || *rēp- || ŕiveś || '''*rəwəž''' || *ruć(i) || '''ravas''' || || ||
|-
| ← II, Hu. separately?
| "to hit"
| *peksä- || - || pikse- || - || '''*pös-''' || - || - || - || *pêtV-
| 2ndary length in F. ''pieksä-''
|-
|-
| "tip"
| "tip"
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| ""
| ""
| || || || || || || || ||
| || || || || || || || ||
|- style="background:#A0FFA0"
! colspan="10" | West *e; East *ê
|-
| "ring"
| *kehä || '''*kēsɤ''' || style="color:red"| ('''či''') || '''*keče''' || '''*kɨč''' || keeɟ || style="color:green"| *kiš || *köč ||
| S, Ma *ä? Mo. "sun" may not belong
|-
| "nest"
| *pesä || *peasē || pizə || *pəžäš || *pooz ||style="color:red"| feesek || *pit || *peɬ || *pêtä
|-
| "4"
| *neljä || *ńealjē || ńiĺe || *nəl || ''*ńooĺ'' || neeɟ || *nilə || *ńeɬää || -
| U. *oo₂ → i between palatals?
|-
| "to hit"
| *peksä- || - || pikse- || - || '''*pös-''' || - || - || - || *pêtV-
| 2ndary length in F. ''pieksä-''
|-
| "thumb"
| - || *pealkē || '''päĺkä''' || - || U. pɤlɨ ~ K. pel || - || - || - || *pêj
| F. *pewka- ← Gmc.
|-
|-
| ""
| ""
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|-
|-
| "oar"
| "oar"
| *mela || *mealē || miĺä || - || K. '''maĺ'''? || - || - || - || -
| *mela || *mealē || *miĺɜ || - || K. '''maĺ'''? || - || - || - || -
| Looks newer per F. -a, Mo. -ä
| Looks newer per F. -a,
|-
|-
| ""
| ""

Revision as of 07:53, 3 May 2011

  • e_a → Finnic *e_ä, Samic *ea_é, Mordvinic *i, Permic *oo, Mansi *ä, Khanty *e (/*ö next to a velar), Samoyedic *ê (not *i!)

For *e_i, see comparision over at *ê.

Lexeme Finnic Samic Mordv. Mari Permic Hung. Mansi Khanty Samoy. Comments
*e_a
"to liv" *elä- *ealē- - *ɪle- *ool- eel- *jäl- *jeɬ- *êlä- Is ObU *j- original?
"to collect" *kerä- - - - *koor- keer- - - -
"skillful" *seppä *čeappē - - - seep - - -
"ear" - *pealjē *piĺɜ *pələš *peĺ fül *päĺ *peɬ -
"big, uncle" *enä *eanē *ińɜ - *uuna - *jänə *enə *ênä
"back" *selkä ~
*sälkä		 *čēlkē - *šɪle - - - - - …*säälkä ??
"to shake" - - - *rʏze- - rësk *räsɣ- *reńť- -
"blade" *terä *tearē - *tʏr - töör - - -
"pine" *petäkä *peacē *pičɜ *pʏnće *poožɨm - - - -
"uncle" *setä *čeacē Er. čiče *čʏčö *čoož - *šäša - *čêčä Sibilant assimilation west of F/S? K. also ćož
"uncle" - *eakē - *äkii *iikii Ne. ńeekka?
"to love" - *eaccē - - - - - *ješəɣ - Weak.
"ring" E. kets - - - - - - *kösə - Cf. prev.
"ring" *kesrä *kearsē Er. *ščeŕe
~ Mk. kšťiŕ		 - - - - - - ← IE
"to get free" - *meanō- mäńe- K. mɨn- ment- - - Ne. mina- Cf. *mêni-
"neck" *sepä *čeapē śive *šüj *śil - *šip *sääpəɬ -
"summer" *kesä *keasē kiza - - - - - - ← IE?
"fox" *repä *rēp- ŕiveś *rəwəž *ruć(i) ravas ← II, Hu. separately?
"tip" *kasa *keačē - hëɟ - - - F. "pile" may not belong
"a fish" *keso L. kääčuk - - K. gɨć keseg *kääsəŋ *kosə -
"to fly" - - - - K. šɨlgɨ- - *täɣl- *ɬeɣəɬ- -
""
""
""
West *e; East *ê
"ring" *kehä *kēsɤ (či) *keče *kɨč keeɟ *kiš *köč S, Ma *ä? Mo. "sun" may not belong
"nest" *pesä *peasē pizə *pəžäš *pooz feesek *pit *peɬ *pêtä
"4" *neljä *ńealjē ńiĺe *nəl *ńooĺ neeɟ *nilə *ńeɬää - U. *oo₂ → i between palatals?
"to hit" *peksä- - pikse- - *pös- - - - *pêtV- 2ndary length in F. pieksä-
"thumb" - *pealkē päĺkä - U. pɤlɨ ~ K. pel - - - *pêj F. *pewka- ← Gmc.
""
""
""
""
""
""
""
""
"oar" *mela *mealē *miĺɜ - K. maĺ? - - - - Looks newer per F. -a,
""
""
Substrate loans (Mari *i; note phonotax)
"wheat" *vehnä - viš *wište - - - - -
"cow ~ horse" *lehmä - ĺišmä - - - - - -
"rope" - *reašmē riśme - - - - - - Cf. B. *rišima "thred" (→ F. *rihma)
Junk
"to prick" - *peaðē- Er. pele- - - - *piil- *peeɬ- - No regularity really
"warm" - - - - *rög reeg, rög *räɣ *reɣ -
"face" - - - - - - - *weenč Sk. wandV
"thin" - - - - *vek- veek- - - -
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