Tolosian: Difference between revisions
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'''Tolosian''' is meant to be a | '''Tolosian''' is meant to be a personal conlang for my conworld, [[Tolos]]. It's based on a few rules : 144 roots, and only them ; simple grammar rules ; simplification of speech to make the pronunciation easier. | ||
== Roots and word formation == | == Roots and word formation == | ||
There is 144 roots, classed in twelve columns of words (the koti). This repartition is a key example of the importance of the sacred number 12 and its multiples or divisors. | |||
* Koti'lo | |||
** '''lo''' (water), '''ai''' (sky), '''ta''' (tree), '''te''' (cliff), '''to''' (earth), '''fe''' (grass), '''cho''' (wind), '''ko''' (stone), '''la''' (flower), '''li''' (light), '''om''' (sun), '''nu''' (moon) | |||
* Koti'ia | |||
** '''ia''' (eagle), '''zi''' (lizard), '''se''' (snake), '''ka''' (guanaco), '''vi''' (dragonfly), '''bou''' (fish), '''mi''' (cat), '''of''' (wolf), '''chi''' (sparrow), '''qua''' (frog), '''hi''' (mouse), '''zo''' (rabbit) | |||
* Koti'ad | |||
** '''ad''' (more), '''ni''' (less), '''en''' (between), '''ji''' (to), '''in''' (into), '''lu''' (next to), '''equ''' (outside of), '''eb''' (from), '''un''' (away from), '''di''' (this), '''ye''' (who/which), '''iv''' (almost) | |||
* Koti'onn | |||
** '''onn''' (turtle), '''ar''' (crow), '''wi''' (seagull), '''ks''' (cicada), '''mu''' (ant), '''be''' (sheep), '''he''' (goat), '''re''' (puma), '''bo''' (bear), '''kr''' (tuco-tuco), '''ze''' (bee), '''ki''' (hedgehog) | |||
* Koti'ja | |||
** '''ja''' (fire), '''pa''' (house), '''so''' (beach), '''che''' (snow), '''tu''' (hole), '''lou''' (pearl), '''si''' (sand), '''do''' (shell), '''gou''' (fruit), '''fo''' (cloud), '''vy''' (corn), '''is''' (salt) | |||
* Koti'go | |||
** '''go''' (around), '''ab''' (on), '''zu''' (under), '''fi''' (few), '''mo''' (many), '''oun''' (extremely), '''yd''' (and/with), '''ak''' (itself), '''dou''' (for), '''ek''' (because), '''mm''' (my), '''op''' (the most) | |||
* Koti'ti | |||
** '''ti''' (hand), '''chu''' (nose), '''ba''' (mouth), '''de''' (skin), '''io''' (eye), '''du''' (teeth), '''ob''' (body), '''iou''' (ear), '''fu''' (hair), '''ra''' (arm), '''za''' (leg), '''ap''' (foot) | |||
* Koti'ru | |||
** '''ru''' (old), '''jo''' (big), '''va''' (moving), '''rou''' (soft), '''ud''' (hard), '''pi''' (small), '''id''' (new), '''it''' (useful), '''chou''' (good), '''que''' (bad), '''wa''' (fast), '''och''' (slow) | |||
* Koti'at | |||
** '''at''' (sign), '''ea''' (art), '''ma''' (love), '''su''' (humor), '''am''' (beginning), '''ya''' (end), '''im''' (middle), '''yo''' (action), '''da''' (time), '''el''' (knowledge), '''no''' (material), '''oum''' (place) | |||
* Koti'or | |||
** '''or''' (human), '''fa''' (woman), '''ge''' (man), '''ol''' (job), '''quo''' (choice), '''xa''' (word), '''tou''' (part), '''na''' (gift), '''oa''' (grace), '''je''' (defect), '''yi''' (yes), '''ne''' (no) | |||
* Koti'ev | |||
** '''ev''' (to be), '''ga''' (to have), '''sa''' (to want), '''od''' (to can), '''ed''' (to take), '''on''' (to give), '''ke''' (to must), '''oup''' (to carry), '''cha''' (to become), '''er''' (to forget), '''ag''' (to receive), '''jou''' (to hold) | |||
* Koti'sou | |||
** '''sou''' (to learn), '''ot''' (to search), '''et''' (to stay), '''we''' (to win), '''fou''' (to lose), '''pe''' (to seem), '''ouk''' (to break), '''ib''' (to bring), '''pou''' (to throw), '''em''' (to dream), '''ay''' (to open), '''bi''' (to close) | |||
All others words are based on these, by association of ideas. For example, '''omnu''' (the day) is made from ''om'' and ''nu'', and means literally "from the sun to the moon". | |||
When the pronunciation becomes difficult between two consonants, the first one drops and the second one is doubled. Moreover, it hold a sign ᵛ (called an ''atru'') on the first doubled letter. | |||
For example : talafežzu (root) comes from talafet (plant) and zu (under), where the t drops and the z is doubled. | |||
Some words come from the same type of transformation but don't take the atru ; they are generally more recent or more used words, since the atru marks the transition between old and new tolosian. Example : loutto (year) = loud (circle) + to (earth), meaning the circle which is taken by the Earth around the sun. | |||
== Sounds == | == Sounds == | ||
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== Syntax == | == Syntax == | ||
[[Category:Conlangs]] | |||
Revision as of 12:36, 4 April 2011
| English name Native name | |
| Spoken in: | Tolos |
| Timeline/Universe: | Alternate Earth |
| Total speakers: | 300 000 |
| Basic word order: | VSO |
| Morphological type: | Agglutinating/synthetic |
| Morphosyntactic alignment: | Accusative |
| Created by: | |
| Taelis | 01/2006 |
Tolosian is meant to be a personal conlang for my conworld, Tolos. It's based on a few rules : 144 roots, and only them ; simple grammar rules ; simplification of speech to make the pronunciation easier.
Roots and word formation
There is 144 roots, classed in twelve columns of words (the koti). This repartition is a key example of the importance of the sacred number 12 and its multiples or divisors.
- Koti'lo
- lo (water), ai (sky), ta (tree), te (cliff), to (earth), fe (grass), cho (wind), ko (stone), la (flower), li (light), om (sun), nu (moon)
- Koti'ia
- ia (eagle), zi (lizard), se (snake), ka (guanaco), vi (dragonfly), bou (fish), mi (cat), of (wolf), chi (sparrow), qua (frog), hi (mouse), zo (rabbit)
- Koti'ad
- ad (more), ni (less), en (between), ji (to), in (into), lu (next to), equ (outside of), eb (from), un (away from), di (this), ye (who/which), iv (almost)
- Koti'onn
- onn (turtle), ar (crow), wi (seagull), ks (cicada), mu (ant), be (sheep), he (goat), re (puma), bo (bear), kr (tuco-tuco), ze (bee), ki (hedgehog)
- Koti'ja
- ja (fire), pa (house), so (beach), che (snow), tu (hole), lou (pearl), si (sand), do (shell), gou (fruit), fo (cloud), vy (corn), is (salt)
- Koti'go
- go (around), ab (on), zu (under), fi (few), mo (many), oun (extremely), yd (and/with), ak (itself), dou (for), ek (because), mm (my), op (the most)
- Koti'ti
- ti (hand), chu (nose), ba (mouth), de (skin), io (eye), du (teeth), ob (body), iou (ear), fu (hair), ra (arm), za (leg), ap (foot)
- Koti'ru
- ru (old), jo (big), va (moving), rou (soft), ud (hard), pi (small), id (new), it (useful), chou (good), que (bad), wa (fast), och (slow)
- Koti'at
- at (sign), ea (art), ma (love), su (humor), am (beginning), ya (end), im (middle), yo (action), da (time), el (knowledge), no (material), oum (place)
- Koti'or
- or (human), fa (woman), ge (man), ol (job), quo (choice), xa (word), tou (part), na (gift), oa (grace), je (defect), yi (yes), ne (no)
- Koti'ev
- ev (to be), ga (to have), sa (to want), od (to can), ed (to take), on (to give), ke (to must), oup (to carry), cha (to become), er (to forget), ag (to receive), jou (to hold)
- Koti'sou
- sou (to learn), ot (to search), et (to stay), we (to win), fou (to lose), pe (to seem), ouk (to break), ib (to bring), pou (to throw), em (to dream), ay (to open), bi (to close)
All others words are based on these, by association of ideas. For example, omnu (the day) is made from om and nu, and means literally "from the sun to the moon".
When the pronunciation becomes difficult between two consonants, the first one drops and the second one is doubled. Moreover, it hold a sign ᵛ (called an atru) on the first doubled letter. For example : talafežzu (root) comes from talafet (plant) and zu (under), where the t drops and the z is doubled.
Some words come from the same type of transformation but don't take the atru ; they are generally more recent or more used words, since the atru marks the transition between old and new tolosian. Example : loutto (year) = loud (circle) + to (earth), meaning the circle which is taken by the Earth around the sun.
