Proto-Uralic/E: Difference between revisions

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(1st approx.)
 
(splits etc.)
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*e_a > Finnic *e_ä, Samic *ea_é, Mordvinic *i, Permic *oo, Mansi *ä, Khanty *e/*ö, Samoyedic *i
*e_a → Finnic ''*e_ä'', Samic ''*ea_é'', Mordvinic ''*i'', Permic ''*oo'', Mansi ''*ä'', Khanty ''*e'' (/''*ö'' next to a velar), Samoyedic ''*i''
For *e_i, see comparision over at [[Proto-Uralic/new|*ê]].
For *e_i, see comparision over at [[Proto-Uralic/new|*ê]].
{| cellpadding="0"|
{| cellpadding="0"|
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| *elä- || *ealé- || - || *əəle- || *ool- || eel- || *jäl- || *jeɬ- || *ilä-
| *elä- || *ealé- || - || *əəle- || *ool- || eel- || *jäl- || *jeɬ- || *ilä-
| Is ObU *j- original?
| Is ObU *j- original?
|-
| "to collect"
| *kerä- || - || - || - || *koor- || keer- || - || - || -
|-
| "skillful"
| *seppä || *čeappé || - || - || - || seep || - || - || -
|-
|-
| "ear"
| "ear"
| - || *pealjé || piĺe || *pəəlš || '''*peĺ''' || '''fül''' || *päĺ || *peɬ || -
| - || *pealjé || piĺe || *pəəlš || '''*peĺ''' || '''fül''' || *päĺ || *peɬ || -
|-
| "big, uncle"
| *enä || *eané || ińe || - || '''*una''' || - || *jänə || *enə || *inä
|-
|-
| "back"
| "back"
| *selkä || '''*čélké''' || - || *šəəle || - || - || - || - || -
| *selkä || '''*čélké''' || - || *šəəle || - || - || - || - || -
|-
| "to shake"
| - || - || - || style="color:red"| ''*rə/üze-'' || - || rësk || *räsɣ- || *reńť- || -
|-
|-
| "blade"
| "blade"
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| "pine"
| "pine"
| *petäkä || *peacé || piče || style="color:red"| ''*pə/ünće'' || *poožɯm || - || - || - || -
| *petäkä || *peacé || piče || style="color:red"| ''*pə/ünće'' || *poožɯm || - || - || - || -
|-
|-
| "uncle"
| "uncle"
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| "uncle"
| "uncle"
| - || *eaké || - ||  ||  ||  || *äkii || '''*iikii''' || Ne. ''ńeekka''?
| - || *eaké || - ||  ||  ||  || *äkii || '''*iikii''' || Ne. ''ńeekka''?
|-
| "big, uncle"
| *enä || *eané || ińe || - || '''*una''' || - || *jänə || *enə || *inä
|-
| "big, mother"
| *emä || *eamé || - || - || - || eme || - || - || '''*emä'''
| *ä with analogy from the prev.?
|-
|-
| "to love"
| "to love"
| - || *eaccé || - || - || - || - || - || *ješəɣ || -
| - || *eaccé || - || - || - || - || - || *ješəɣ || -
| Weak.
| Weak.
|-
| "ring"
| '''*kehä''' || *késɤ || style="color:red"| ('''či''') || *keče || *kɯč || keeɟ || style="color:green"| '''*kiš''' || *köč ||
| East *ê, West mostly *ä. Mo. "sun" may not belong
|-
|-
| "neck"
| "neck"
| *sepä || *čeapé || śive || '''*šüj''' || '''*śil''' || - || style="color:green"| '''*šip''' || '''*sääpəɬ''' || -
| *sepä || *čeapé || śive || '''*šüj''' || '''*śil''' || - || style="color:green"| '''*šip''' || '''*sääpəɬ''' || -
|-
|-
| "skillful"
| "field"
| *seppä || *čeappé || - || - || - || seep || - || - || -
| *kenttä || - || - || - || '''*gid''' || - || - || - || -
|-
|-
| ""
| "summer"
| || || || || || || || ||
| *kesä || *keasé || kiza || - || - || - || - || - || -
| ← IE?
|-
|-
| ""
| "ring"
| || || || || || || || ||
| *kesrä || *kearsé || style="color:red"| Er. *ščeŕe<br/>~ Mk. kšťiŕ || - || - || - || - || - || -
| ← IE
|-
|-
| ""
| "fox"
| || || || || || || || ||
| *repä || *rép- || ŕiveś || '''*rəwəž''' || U. džɯći~ K. ruć || '''ravas''' || || ||
|-
|-
| ""
| ""
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| ""
| ""
| || || || || || || || ||
| || || || || || || || ||
|- style="background:#A0FFA0"
! colspan="10" | Substrate loans (Mari ''*i''; note phonotax)
|-
|-
| ""
| "wheat"
| || || || || || || || ||
| *vehnä || - || viš || *wište || - || - || - || - || -
|-
|-
| ""
| "cow ~ horse"
| || || || || || || || ||
| *lehmä || - || ĺišmä || - || - || - || - || - || -
|-
|-
| ""
| "rope"
| || || || || || || || ||
| - || *reašmé || riśme || - || - || - || - || - || -
|-
| Cf. B. *rišima "thred" (→ F. *rihma)
| ""
|- style="background:#A0FFA0"
| || || || || || || || ||
! colspan="10" | Junk
|-
| ""
| || || || || || || || ||
|-
|-
| ""
| "to prick"
| || || || || || || || ||
| - || *peaðé- || style="color:red"| Er. pele- || - || - || - || *piil- || *peeɬ- || -
| No regularity really
|-
|-
| ""
| "warm"
| || || || || || || || ||
| - || - || - || - || *rög || reeg, rög || *räɣ || *reɣ || -
|-
|-
| ""
| "face"
| || || || || || || || ||
| - || - || - || - || - || - || - || *weenč || Sk. wandV
|-
| ""
| || || || || || || || ||
|- style="background:#A0FFA0"
! colspan="10" | *E_a
|-
|-
| "to cook"
| "thin"
| - || '''*pɤsé-''' || - || - || *pɤɤž- || (föö-) || *piit- || *pääɬ- || -
| - || - || - || - || *vek- || veek- || - || - || -
|}
|}

Revision as of 05:25, 9 November 2009

  • e_a → Finnic *e_ä, Samic *ea_é, Mordvinic *i, Permic *oo, Mansi *ä, Khanty *e (/*ö next to a velar), Samoyedic *i

For *e_i, see comparision over at *ê.

Lexeme Finnic Samic Mordv. Mari Permic Hung. Mansi Khanty Samoy. Comments
*e_a
"to liv" *elä- *ealé- - *əəle- *ool- eel- *jäl- *jeɬ- *ilä- Is ObU *j- original?
"to collect" *kerä- - - - *koor- keer- - - -
"skillful" *seppä *čeappé - - - seep - - -
"ear" - *pealjé piĺe *pəəlš *peĺ fül *päĺ *peɬ -
"big, uncle" *enä *eané ińe - *una - *jänə *enə *inä
"back" *selkä *čélké - *šəəle - - - - -
"to shake" - - - *rə/üze- - rësk *räsɣ- *reńť- -
"blade" *terä *tearé - *tə/ür - töör - - -
"pine" *petäkä *peacé piče *pə/ünće *poožɯm - - - -
"uncle" *setä *čeacé čiče *čə/üčö? *čoož - *šäša - *čêčä Sibilant assimilation west of F/S? K. also ćož
"uncle" - *eaké - *äkii *iikii Ne. ńeekka?
"to love" - *eaccé - - - - - *ješəɣ - Weak.
"ring" *kehä *késɤ (či) *keče *kɯč keeɟ *kiš *köč East *ê, West mostly *ä. Mo. "sun" may not belong
"neck" *sepä *čeapé śive *šüj *śil - *šip *sääpəɬ -
"field" *kenttä - - - *gid - - - -
"summer" *kesä *keasé kiza - - - - - - ← IE?
"ring" *kesrä *kearsé Er. *ščeŕe
~ Mk. kšťiŕ		 - - - - - - ← IE
"fox" *repä *rép- ŕiveś *rəwəž U. džɯći~ K. ruć ravas
""
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Substrate loans (Mari *i; note phonotax)
"wheat" *vehnä - viš *wište - - - - -
"cow ~ horse" *lehmä - ĺišmä - - - - - -
"rope" - *reašmé riśme - - - - - - Cf. B. *rišima "thred" (→ F. *rihma)
Junk
"to prick" - *peaðé- Er. pele- - - - *piil- *peeɬ- - No regularity really
"warm" - - - - *rög reeg, rög *räɣ *reɣ -
"face" - - - - - - - *weenč Sk. wandV
"thin" - - - - *vek- veek- - - -
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