Senjecas - as: Difference between revisions

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m (Glossing abbreviations, pronunciation table updated. Link added.)
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==Pronunciation table==
==Pronunciation table==
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:1000px;"
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:1000px;"
! colspan="6" | <center>'''peműko'''<br>(labial)</center>
! colspan="6" | <center>पेमुकॊ<br>peműko<br>(labial)</center>
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! colspan="6" | '''riisűko'''<br>(dental)
! colspan="6" | रीस़ुकॊ<br>riisűko<br>(dental)
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! colspan="6" | '''muitűko'''<br>(alveolar)
! colspan="6" | मुइतुकॊ<br>muitűko<br>(alveolar)
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! colspan="6-" | '''vainűko'''<br>(palatal)
! colspan="6-" | भइनुकॊ<br>vainűko<br>(palatal)
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! colspan="6" | '''ṡ̨uuše̋nos'''<br>(vowels)
! colspan="6" | ज़ूऀस़ेँनॊस़्<br>ṡ̨uuše̋nos<br>(vowels)
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! colspan="3" | '''nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos'''<br>(weak vowels)
! colspan="3" | निथॊ  ज़ूऀस़ेँनॊस़्<br>nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos'''<br>(weak vowels)
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|-
!<center>p</center>
!<center>p</center>
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==Glossing abbreviations==
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
|1s/p = 1st person singular/plural
|1s/p = 1st person singular/plural
|ABL = [[Wikipedia:Ablative case|ablative suffix]]
|ABL = [[Wikipedia:Ablative case|ablative suffix]]
|COL = [[Wikipedia:Collective noun|collective]]
|COL = [[Wikipedia:Collective noun|collective]]
|EQU = equative degree
|F = feminine
|INS = instrument
|INT = intensive prefix
|PRF = perfect
|PRV = [[Wikipedia:Privative|privative prefix]]
|SUP = [[Wikipedia:Supine|supine]]
|SUP = [[Wikipedia:Supine|supine]]
|-
|-
|2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural
|2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural
|ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)
|ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective)
|CONV = conversive
|DES = [[Wikipedia:Desiderative mood|desiderative]]
|F = feminine
|FRQ = [[Wikipedia:Frequentative|frequentative]]
|INT = intensive prefix
|LAT = [[Wikipedia:Lative case|lative suffix]]
|PRV = [[Wikipedia:Privative|privative prefix]]
|PST = past
|TRZ = transitivizer
|TRZ = transitivizer
|-
|-
|3 = 3rd person
|3 = 3rd person
|ADV = adverb
|ADV = adverb
|DES = [[Wikipedia:Desiderative mood|desiderative]]
|DIM = diminutive
|FRQ = [[Wikipedia:Frequentative|frequentative]]
|FUT = future
|LAT = [[Wikipedia:Lative case|lative suffix]]
|LOC = [[Wikipedia:Locative case|locative suffix]]
|PST = past
|REV = [[Wikipedia:Opposite (semantics)|reversive]]
|VOC = vocative particle
|VOC = vocative particle
|-
|-
|A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)
|A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)
|AG = [[Wikipedia:Agent (grammar)|agent]]
|AG = [[Wikipedia:Agent (grammar)|agent]]
|DIM = diminutive
|ELIS = [[Wikipedia:Elision|elision]]
|FUT = future
|IMP = imperative
|LOC = [[Wikipedia:Locative case|locative suffix]]
|M = masculine
|Q = [[Wikipedia:Interrogative word|interrogative particle]]
|Q = [[Wikipedia:Interrogative word|interrogative particle]]
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|G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)
|G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)
|AP = agent (active) participle
|AP = agent (active) participle
|ELIS = [[Wikipedia:Elision|elision]]
|ELT = [[Wikipedia:Elative case|elative]]
|IMP = imperative
|INC = [[Wikipedia:Inchoative aspect|inchoative]]
|M = masculine
|OCC = occupation suffix
|QUOT = direct quotation
|QUOT = direct quotation
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|N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)
|N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)
|AUG = augmentative
|AUG = augmentative
|ELT = [[Wikipedia:Elative case|elative]]
|EP = [[Wikipedia:Epenthesis#As a grammatical rule|epenthesis]]
|INC = [[Wikipedia:Inchoative aspect|inchoative]]
|IND = indicative
|OCC = occupation suffix
|PP = patient (past) participle
|RPR = recent perfective
|RPR = recent perfective
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|V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)
|V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)
|CAUS = [[Wikipedia:Causative|causative]]
|CAUS = [[Wikipedia:Causative|causative]]
|EP = [[Wikipedia:Epenthesis#As a grammatical rule|epenthesis]]
|EQU = equative degree
|IND = indicative
|INS = instrument
|PP = patient (past) participle
|PRF = perfect
|SBJ = subjunctive
|SBJ = subjunctive
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*'''6.''' '''méti''' - At the same time that; while
*'''6.''' '''méti''' - At the same time that; while
*The baby always sleeps as the rain falls.
*The baby always sleeps as the rain falls.
*'''ba̋a̋lu visánu še̋pa—méti sűűm̃e sűűm̃a:'''
*'''ba̋a̋lu visánu še̋pa—méti sűűm̃e főőla:'''
:{|
:{|
!ba̋a̋l-u||visánu||še̋p-a||méti||sűűm̃-e||sűűm̃-a
!ba̋a̋l-u||visánu||še̋p-a||méti||sűűm̃-e||sűűm̃-a

Revision as of 19:37, 8 June 2020

Pronunciation table

पेमुकॊ
peműko
(labial)
 रीस़ुकॊ
riisűko
(dental) 		मुइतुकॊ
muitűko
(alveolar) 		भइनुकॊ
vainűko
(palatal) 		ज़ूऀस़ेँनॊस़्
ṡ̨uuše̋nos
(vowels) 		निथॊ ज़ूऀस़ेँनॊस़्
nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos
(weak vowels)
p
 b f v m̃ m t d þ ð ɫ l ṡ ż s z r n k g x ƣ h ȝ š s̨ i e a ǫ o u ĭ ĕ ŭ
/p/ /b/ /ɸ/ /β/ /m̥/ /m/ /t/ /d/ /θ/ /ð/ /l̥/ /l/ /ʦ/ /ʣ/ /s/ /z/ /ɾ̥/ /n/ /k/ /g/ /ç/ /ʝ/ /j̊/ /j/ /sʷ/ /sʲ/ /i/ /e/ /ä/ /ɒ/ /o/ /u/ /ɪ/ /ɛ/ /ʊ/


1s/p = 1st person singular/plural ABL = ablative suffix COL = collective F = feminine INT = intensive prefix PRV = privative prefix SUP = supine
2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural ABS = absolutive (an unmarked modifying adjective) DES = desiderative FRQ = frequentative LAT = lative suffix PST = past TRZ = transitivizer
3 = 3rd person ADV = adverb DIM = diminutive FUT = future LOC = locative suffix REV = reversive VOC = vocative particle
A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural) AG = agent ELIS = elision IMP = imperative M = masculine Q = interrogative particle
G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural) AP = agent (active) participle ELT = elative INC = inchoative OCC = occupation suffix QUOT = direct quotation
N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural) AUG = augmentative EP = epenthesis IND = indicative PP = patient (past) participle RPR = recent perfective
V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural) CAUS = causative EQU = equative degree INS = instrument PRF = perfect SBJ = subjunctive


Adverb

  • 1. -sa̋a̋ti - To such an extent or degree (v. #10).
  • You are not as tall as me.
  • tu goxsa̋a̋tu mú' sóma vűűa ne:
t-u gox-sa̋a̋t-u m-ú-' sóma vűű-a ne
2s-N tall-EQU-N.s 1s-G-ELIS as be-IND not


  • 2. noun + adjective – comparison to the quality of a noun
  • That medicine is as bitter as gall.
  • a-ȝa̋xt̬i bislĕṡ̨a̋bi e̋sa:
a=ȝa̋xt̬-i bisl-ĕ-ṡ̨a̋b-i e̋s-a
that=medicine-N.s gall-EP-bitter-N.s be-IND


  • 3. épu – In the manner or role specified.
  • tu-na̋ma żoonlűs épa xa e̋sa:
  • What is your opinion as a parent?
tu=na̋m-a żoonl-űs épu x-a e̋s-a
your=opinion-N.s parent-G.s as what-N.s be.IND


Conjunction

  • 4. épi - In the same way that; according to what
  • Please do that as you were taught.
  • nom kie̋ȝa—épi tu dőkaþu e-ı̋la:
n-om ki-e̋ȝa épi t-u dők-a-þ-u e=ı̋l-a
that-A.s do-SBJ as 2s-N teach-IND-PP-N.s PST=become-IND


  • 5. méti – At the same instant that; when
  • As I opened the door, the dog ran out.
  • méti mu ðűrom e-lűra—na̋a̋ȝe bu e-re̋e̋sa:
méti m-u ðűr-om e=lűr-a na̋a̋ȝ-e bu e=re̋e̋s-a
as 1s-N door-A.s PST=open-IND dog-N.s out PST=run-IND


  • 6. méti - At the same time that; while
  • The baby always sleeps as the rain falls.
  • ba̋a̋lu visánu še̋pa—méti sűűm̃e főőla:
ba̋a̋l-u visánu še̋p-a méti sűűm̃-e sűűm̃-a
baby-N.s always sleep-IND as rain-N.s rain-IND


  • 7. méi - Varying through time in the same proportion that.
  • As the storm clouds approached, I began to look for shelter.
  • mu te̋gom neeþa̋sa—méi ðuune̋vos e-ȝőba:
m-u te̋g-om neeþ-a̋s-a méi ðuu-ne̋v-os e=ȝőb-a
1s-N shelter-A.s look.for-INC-IND as storm-cloud-N.p PST=approach-IND


  • 8. hi - Considering that, because, since
  • We can close the barn door as the cows are already in the barn.
  • m̃us beƣðűrom pa̋xu ma̋ƣa—hi m̃a̋kes ȝee beƣős éna vűűa:
m̃-us beƣ-ðűr-om pa̋x-u ma̋ƣ-a hi m̃a̋k-es ȝee beƣ-ős éna vűű-a
1p-N barn-door-A.s close-SUP be.able-IND as cow-N.p already barn-G.s in be.IND


  • 9. sáámi - Expressing concession, though.
  • We will continue the journey, cold as it may be.
  • m̃us ta̋ƣom u-se̋e̋ra—sáámi sőȝo vuue̋ȝa:
m̃-us ta̋ƣ-om u=se̋e̋r-a sáámi sőȝ-o vuu-e̋ȝa
1p-N journey-A.s FUT=continue-IND as cold-N.s be-SBJ


Postposition

  • 10. sóma - Introducing a basis of comparison (v. #1).
  • You are not as tall as me.
  • tu goxsa̋a̋tu mú' sóma vűűa ne:
t-u gox-sa̋a̋t-u m-ú-' sóma vűű-a ne
2s-N tall-EQU-N.s 1s-G-ELIS as be-IND not


Senjecas - bank

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