Senjecas - still: Difference between revisions

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===Pronunciation table===
<font size = 4>
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:500px;"
 
!p
==Pronunciation table==
!b
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:1150px;"
!f
! colspan="6" | <center>'''peműko'''<br>(labial)</center>
!v
!ƿ
!m
|
|
|
|
!t
! colspan="6" | '''riisűko'''<br>(dental)
!d
!þ
!ð
!ł
!l
|
|
|
|
!c
! colspan="6" | '''muitűko'''<br>(alveolar)
!ƶ
!s
!z
!r
!n
|
|
|
|
!k
! colspan="6-" | '''vainűko'''<br>(palatal)
!g
!x
!ᵹ
!h
!ȝ
|
|
|
|
!š
! colspan="2" |
!ṡ
|
|
|
|
!i
! colspan="6" | '''ṡ̨uuše̋nos'''<br>(vowels with प)
!e
!a
!ɔ
!o
!u
|
|
|
|
!ı
! colspan="3" | '''nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos'''<br>(weak vowels)
!ɛ
!y
|-
|-
|/p/
! <center>p</center>
|/b/
! b
|/ɸ/
! f
|/β/
! v
|/m̊/
! m̃
|/m/
! m
|
|
! t
! d
! þ
! ð
! ɫ
! l
|
|
! ṡ
! ż
! s
! z
! r
! n
|
|
! k
! g
! x
! [[Wikipedia:Gha|ƣ]]
! h
! [[Wikipedia:Yogh|ȝ]]
|
|
|
|
|/t/
! š
|/d/
! s̨
|/θ/
|/ð/
|/l̥/
|/l/
|
|
|
|
|/ʦ/
! i
|/ʣ/
! e
|/s/
! a
|/z/
! [[Wikipedia:O|ɔ]]
|/ɾ̥/
! o
|/n/
! u
|
|
|
|
|/k/
! ı
|/g/
! ɛ
|/ç/
! y
|/ʝ/
|-
|/j̊/
! <center>प</center>
|/j/
! ब
! फ
! भ
! म़
! म
|
|
|
|
|/sʷ/
! त
|/sʲ/
! द
! थ
! ध
! ल़
! ल
|
|
|
|
|/i/
! च
|/e/
! ज
|/ä/
! स
|/ɒ/
! स़
|/o/
! र
|/u/
! न
|
|
|
|
|/ɪ/
! क
|/ɛ/
! ग
|/ʊ/
! क़
! [[Wikipedia:Gha|ग़]]
! ह
! [[Wikipedia:Yogh|य]]
|
|
! स्व
! स्य
|
|
! इ ई<br>पि पी
! ए एै<br>पे पै
! अ आ<br>प पा
! ऒ ॵ<br>पॊ पॏ
! ओ औ<br>पो पौ
! उ ऊ<br>पु पू
|
|
! पं
! पऺ
! पॅ
|-
| /p/
| /b/
| /ɸ/
| /β/
| /m̥/
| /m/
!
!
| /t/
| /d/
| /θ/
| /ð/
| /l̥/
| /l/
!
!
| /ʦ/
| /ʣ/
| /s/
| /z/
| /ɾ̥/
| /n/
!
!
| /k/
| /g/
| /ç/
| /ʝ/
| /j̊/
| /j/
!
!
| /sʷ/
| /sʲ/
!
!
| /i/
| /e/
| /ä/
| /ɒ/
| /o/
| /u/
!
!
| /ɪ/
| /ɛ/
| /ʊ/
|}
|}




===Verb===
==Glossing abbreviations==
*1. '''k̬ı̨̋la''' - calm down, quiet
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
::'''ande̋ru ra̋vante ma̋rem e-k̬ı̨̋la:'''
| 1s/p = 1st person singular/plural
::The Lord stilled the raging sea.
| ABL = [[Wikipedia:Ablative case|ablative suffix]]
| COL = [[Wikipedia:Collective noun|collective]]
| F = feminine
| INT = intensive prefix
| PRV = [[Wikipedia:Privative|privative prefix]]
| SUP = [[Wikipedia:Supine|supine]]
|-
| 2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural
| ABS = absolutive<br>(an unmarked modifying adjective)
| DES = [[Wikipedia:Desiderative mood|desiderative]]
| FRQ = [[Wikipedia:Frequentative|frequentative]]
| LAT = [[Wikipedia:Lative case|lative suffix]]
| PST = past
| TRZ = transitivizer
|-
| 3 = 3rd person
| ADV = adverb
| DIM = diminutive
| FUT = future
| LOC = [[Wikipedia:Locative case|locative suffix]]
| Q = [[Wikipedia:Interrogative word|interrogative particle]]
| VOC = vocative particle
|-
| A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural)
| AG = [[Wikipedia:Agent (grammar)|agent]]
| ELIS = [[Wikipedia:Elision|elision]]
| IMP = imperative
| M = masculine
| QUOT = direct quotation
| YNG = young
|-
| G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural)
| AP = agent (active) participle
| ELT = [[Wikipedia:Elative case|elative]]
| INC = [[Wikipedia:Inchoative aspect|inchoative]]
| OCC = occupation suffix
| REV = [[Wikipedia:Opposite (semantics)|reversive]]
|
|-
| N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural)
| AUG = augmentative
| EP = [[Wikipedia:Epenthesis#As a grammatical rule|epenthesis]]
| IND = indicative
| PP = patient (past) participle
| RPR = recent perfective
|
|-
| V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural)
| CAUS = [[Wikipedia:Causative|causative]]
| EQU = equative degree
| INS = instrument
| PRF = perfect
| SBJ = subjunctive
|
|}


::{|class=wikitable
 
!ande̋r-u||ra̋v-a-nte-Ø||ma̋r-em||e=k̬ı̨̋l-a
==Verb==
*'''1.''' '''k̬ı̋ı̋la''' क्वी॓ल - calm down, quiet
*The Lord stilled the raging sea.
*'''ande̋ru ra̋vante ma̋rem e-k̬ı̋ı̋la:'''
:{|
!ande̋r-u||ra̋v-a-nte-Ø||ma̋r-em||e=k̬ı̋ı̋l-a
|-
|-
|lord-NOM.SG||rage-IND-AP-ABS||sea-ACC.SG||PST=calm-IND
|lord-N.s||rage-IND-AP-ABS||sea-A.s||PST=still-IND
|}
|}


*2. '''seibe̋ȝa''' - cause to fall by drips
::'''kiða̋s pőlta ċą̋ton e-seibe̋ȝa:'''
::The winter warmth stilled the icicles.


::{|class=wikitable
*'''2.''' '''seib̨e̋ta''' सेइब॓द - cause to fall by drops
!kið-a̋s||pőlt-a||ċą̋t-on||e=seib-e̋ȝ-a
*The winter warmth stilled the icicles.
*'''hema̋s te̋fta ṡ̨a̋a̋ton seib̨e̋ta:'''
:{|
!hem-a̋s||te̋ft-a||ṡ̨a̋a̋t-on||seib̨-e̋t-a
|-
|-
|winter-GEN.SG||heat-NOM.SG||icicle-ACC.PL||PST=drip-CAUS-IND
|winter-G.s||warmth-N.s||icicle-A.p||drip-CAUS-IND
|}
|}


===Noun===
*3. '''k̬ı̨̋lta''' – a period of calm or silence
::'''ȝe̋su ląta̋s k̬ilta̋s éna e-ƶe̋na:'''
::In the still of the night, Jesus was born.


::{|class=wikitable
==Noun==
!ȝe̋s-u||ląt-a̋s||k̬ilt-a̋s||éna||e=ƶe̋n-a
*'''3.''' '''k̬ı̋ı̋lta''' क्वी॓ल्त  – a period of calm or silence
*In the still of the night, Jesus was born.
*'''ȝe̋su laata̋s k̬iilta̋s éna e-że̋na:'''
:{|
!ȝe̋s-u||laat-a̋s||k̬iilt-a̋s||éna||e=że̋n-a
|-
|-
|Jesus-NOM.SG||night-GEN.SG||still(ness)-GEN.SG||in||PST=be.born-IND
|Jesus-N.s||night-G.s||still(ness)-G.s||in||PST=be.born-IND
|}
|}


*4. '''tę̋ᵹlo''' – a device for distilling liquids
::'''tę̋ᵹlo e-na̋ba da nu-ge̋raþos visáru e-űca:'''
::The still burst and its contents splashed everywhere.


::{|class=wikitable
*'''4.''' '''te̋e̋ƣlo''' तै॓ग़्लो  – a device for distilling liquids
!tę̋ᵹl-o||e=na̋b-a||da||nu=ge̋raþ-os||visáru||e=űc-a
*The still burst and its contents splashed everywhere.
*'''te̋e̋ƣlo e-na̋ba. da éȝu-ge̋raþos visáru e-űṡa:'''
:{|
!te̋e̋ƣ-l-o||e=na̋b-a||da||éȝu=ge̋r-a-þ-os||visáru||e=űṡ-a
|-
|-
|still-NOM.SG||PST=burst-IND||and||its=content-NOM.PL||everywhere||PST=splash-IND
|distill-AG-N.s||PST=burst-IND||and||its=hold-IND-PP-N.s||everywhere||PST=splash-IND
|}
|}


===Adjective===
*5. '''k̬ı̨̋li''' – not moving, calm
::'''cɪ̋cus k̬ı̨̋lus e-ɪ̋la—méti þı̋mom e-ve̋na:'''
::The children became still when they heard the noise.


::{|class=wikitable
==Adjective==
!cɪ̋c-us||k̬ı̨̋l-us||e=ɪ̋l-a||méti||þı̋m-om||e=ve̋n-a
*'''5.''' '''k̬ı̋ı̋li''' क्वी॓लि  – not moving, calm
*The children became still when they heard the noise.
*'''ṡɪ̋ṡus k̬ı̋ı̋lus e-ɪ̋la—méti þı̋mom e-ve̋na:'''
:{|
!ṡɪ̋ṡ-us||k̬ı̋ı̋l-us||e=ɪ̋l-a||méti||þı̋m-om||e=ve̋n-a
|-
|-
|child-NOM.PL||still-NOM.PL||PST=become-IND||when||noise-ACC.SG||PST=hear-IND
|child-N.p||still-N.p||PST=become-IND||when||noise-A.s||PST=hear-IND
|}
|}


*6. '''albǫ̋uli''' - not effervescing; not sparkling
::'''mu albǫ̋ulo ɱe̋inom bǫ̋ulanto ɱeinős þǫ́sa ne̋la:'''
::I prefer a still wine to a bubbly one.


::{|class=wikitable
*'''6.''' '''albőőuli''' अल्बौ॓उलि  - not effervescing; not sparkling
!m-u||albǫ̋ulo-Ø||ɱe̋in-om||bǫ̋ul-a-nto-Ø||ɱein-ős||þǫ́sa||ne̋l-a
*I prefer a still wine to a bubbly one.
*'''mu bőőulro m̃einős þóós' albőőulro m̃e̋inom ne̋la:'''
:{|
!m-u||bőőulro-Ø||m̃ein-ős||þóós-'||al=bőőulro-Ø||m̃e̋in-om||ne̋l-a
|-
|-
|1s-NOM||still-ABS||wine-ACC.SG||bubbly-IND-AP-ABS||wine-GEN.SG||against||prefer-IND
|1s-N||bubbly-ABS||wine-G.s||as.opposed.to-ELIS||PRV=bubbly-ABS||wine-A.s||prefer-IND
|}
|}


*7. '''są̋mi''' – silent
::'''ᵹomős pósa őro są̋mo e-vų̋a:'''
::After the deafening, all was still.


::{|class=wikitable
*'''7.''' '''sa̋a̋mi''' सा॓मि  – silent
!ᵹom-ős||pósa||őr-o||są̋m-o||e=vų̋-a
*After the deafening noise, all was still.
*'''őro ƣomős pósa sa̋a̋mo e-vűűa:'''
:{|
!őr-o||ƣom-ős||pósa||sa̋a̋m-o||e=vűű-a
|-
|-
|deafening.noise-GEN.SG||after||all-NOM.SG||still-NOM.SG||PST=be-IND
|all-N.s||loud.noise-G.s||after||silent-N.s||PST=be-IND
|}
|}


===Adverb===
==Adverb==
*8. '''k̬ı̨́lvi''' - without motion
*'''8.''' '''k̬íílvi''' क्वी॔ल्भि  - without motion
::'''nus k̬ı̨́lvi e-cűra.sį́ra dı̋slu ƶ̇ǫ̋kom e-sűka:'''
*They stood still until the guard turned the corner.
::They stood still until the guard turned the corner.
*'''éȝus k̬íílvi e-ṡűra—sííra dı̋slu żőőkom e-sűka:'''
 
:{|
::{|class=wikitable
!éȝ-us||k̬ííl-vi||e=ṡűr-a||sííra||dı̋s-l-u||żőők-om||e=sűk-a
!n-us|| k̬ı̨́l-vi||e-cűr-a||sį́ra||dı̋sl-u||ƶ̇ǫ̋k-om||e=sűk-a
|-
|-
|3-NOM.PL||still-ADV||PST=stand-IND||until||guard-NOM.SG||corner-ACC.SG||PST=turn-IND
|3-N.p||still-ADV||PST=stand-IND||until||guard-AG-N.s||corner-A.s||PST=turn-IND
|}
|}


*9. '''éstu''' - Up to a time, as in the preceding time, yet.
::'''éstu sų̋ƿame:'''
::Is it still raining?


::{|class=wikitable
*'''9.''' '''ódu''' ओ॔दु  - Up to a time, as in the preceding time, yet.
!éstu||sų̋ƿ-a=me
*Is it still raining?
*'''ódu sűűm̃a me:'''
:{|
!ódu||sűűm̃-a||me
|-
|-
|still||rain-IND=Q
|still||rain-IND||Q
|}
|}


*10. '''estítu''' – to an even greater degree.
::'''mu gőxa: mu-ƶa̋mu gygőxa: mu-tąta estítu gygőxa:'''
::I am tall. My brother is taller. My father is still taller.


::{|class=wikitable
*'''10.''' '''ódu''' ओ॔दु  – to an even greater degree.
!m-u||gőx-a||mu=ƶa̋m-u||gy~gőx-a||mu=tąt-a||estítu||gy~gőx-a
*I am tall. My brother is taller. My father is still/even taller.
*'''mu gőxu vűűa: mu-ża̋mu gygőxu vűűa: mu-ta̋a̋ta ódu gygőxu vűűa:'''
:{|
!m-u||gőx-u||vűű-a||mu=ża̋m-u||gy~gőx-u||vűű-a||mu=ta̋a̋t-a||ódu||gy~gőx-u||vűű-a
|-
|-
|1s-NOM||be.tall-IND||my=brother-NOM.SG||CPAR~be.tall.IND||my=father||still||CPAR~be.tall.IND
|1s-N||tall-N.s||be-IND||my=brother-N.s||ELT~tall-N.s||be-IND||my=father-N.s||still||ELT~tall-N.s||be-IND
|}
|}


*11. '''są́mu''' – nevertheless
::'''sų̋ɱa. mu vǫᵹde̋mom do są́m' u-a̋ta: '''
::It is raining; still I'll go to the bakery.


::{|class=wikitable
*'''11.''' '''ódu''' ओ॔दु  – even, yet
!sų̋ɱ-a||m-u||vǫᵹde̋m-om||do||są́m-'||u=a̋t-a
*Some dogs howl, still more bark.
*'''tı̋ı̋ðe na̋a̋ȝes ƣűma. ódu mıme̋e̋es la̋a̋a:'''
:{|
!tı̋ı̋ðe-Ø||na̋a̋ȝ-es||ƣűm-a||ódu||mı~me̋e̋-es||la̋a̋-a
|-
|-
|rain-IND||1s-NOM||bakery-ACC.SG||to||still-EL||FUT=go-IND
|some-ABS||dog-N.p||howl-IND||still||ELT~much-N.p||bark-IND
|}
|}


*12. '''éstu''' – even, yet
::'''tı̨̋ðe ną̋ȝes ᵹűma. éstu mɪmę̋es lą̋a:'''
::Some dogs howl, still more bark.


::{|class=wikitable
*'''12.''' '''sáámu''' सा॔मु  – nevertheless
!tı̨̋ðe-Ø||ną̋ȝ-es||ᵹűm-a||éstu||mɪ~mę̋-es||lą̋-a
*It is raining; still I'll go to the bakery.
*'''sűűm̃a: mu sáámu vooƣmı̋ƣom do u-a̋ta:'''
:{|
!sűűm̃-a||m-u||sáámu||vooƣ-mı̋ƣ-om||do||u=a̋t-a
|-
|-
|some-ABS||dog-NOM.PL||howl-IND||still||CPAR~many-NOM.PL||bark-IND
|rain-IND||1s-N||still||bake-store-A.s||to||FUT=go-IND
|}
|}
[[Senjecas - sustain]]

Latest revision as of 07:41, 10 September 2024

Pronunciation table

peműko
(labial)
 riisűko
(dental) 		muitűko
(alveolar) 		vainűko
(palatal) 		ṡ̨uuše̋nos
(vowels with प) 		nı̋þo ṡ̨uuše̋nos
(weak vowels)
p
 b f v m̃ m t d þ ð ɫ l ṡ ż s z r n k g x ƣ h ȝ š s̨ i e a ɔ o u ı ɛ y
प
 ब फ भ म़ म त द थ ध ल़ ल च ज स स़ र न क ग क़ ग़ ह य स्व स्य इ ई
पि पी 		ए एै
पे पै 		अ आ
प पा 		ऒ ॵ
पॊ पॏ 		ओ औ
पो पौ 		उ ऊ
पु पू 		पं पऺ पॅ
/p/ /b/ /ɸ/ /β/ /m̥/ /m/ /t/ /d/ /θ/ /ð/ /l̥/ /l/ /ʦ/ /ʣ/ /s/ /z/ /ɾ̥/ /n/ /k/ /g/ /ç/ /ʝ/ /j̊/ /j/ /sʷ/ /sʲ/ /i/ /e/ /ä/ /ɒ/ /o/ /u/ /ɪ/ /ɛ/ /ʊ/


Glossing abbreviations

1s/p = 1st person singular/plural ABL = ablative suffix COL = collective F = feminine INT = intensive prefix PRV = privative prefix SUP = supine
2s/p = 2nd person singular/plural ABS = absolutive
(an unmarked modifying adjective) 		DES = desiderative FRQ = frequentative LAT = lative suffix PST = past TRZ = transitivizer
3 = 3rd person ADV = adverb DIM = diminutive FUT = future LOC = locative suffix Q = interrogative particle VOC = vocative particle
A(.s/p) = accusative (singular/plural) AG = agent ELIS = elision IMP = imperative M = masculine QUOT = direct quotation YNG = young
G(.s/p) = genitive (singular/plural) AP = agent (active) participle ELT = elative INC = inchoative OCC = occupation suffix REV = reversive
N(.s/p) = nominative (singular/plural) AUG = augmentative EP = epenthesis IND = indicative PP = patient (past) participle RPR = recent perfective
V(.s/p) = vocative (singular/plural) CAUS = causative EQU = equative degree INS = instrument PRF = perfect SBJ = subjunctive


Verb

  • 1. k̬ı̋ı̋la क्वी॓ल - calm down, quiet
  • The Lord stilled the raging sea.
  • ande̋ru ra̋vante ma̋rem e-k̬ı̋ı̋la:
ande̋r-u ra̋v-a-nte-Ø ma̋r-em e=k̬ı̋ı̋l-a
lord-N.s rage-IND-AP-ABS sea-A.s PST=still-IND


  • 2. seib̨e̋ta सेइब॓द - cause to fall by drops
  • The winter warmth stilled the icicles.
  • hema̋s te̋fta ṡ̨a̋a̋ton seib̨e̋ta:
hem-a̋s te̋ft-a ṡ̨a̋a̋t-on seib̨-e̋t-a
winter-G.s warmth-N.s icicle-A.p drip-CAUS-IND


Noun

  • 3. k̬ı̋ı̋lta क्वी॓ल्त – a period of calm or silence
  • In the still of the night, Jesus was born.
  • ȝe̋su laata̋s k̬iilta̋s éna e-że̋na:
ȝe̋s-u laat-a̋s k̬iilt-a̋s éna e=że̋n-a
Jesus-N.s night-G.s still(ness)-G.s in PST=be.born-IND


  • 4. te̋e̋ƣlo तै॓ग़्लो – a device for distilling liquids
  • The still burst and its contents splashed everywhere.
  • te̋e̋ƣlo e-na̋ba. da éȝu-ge̋raþos visáru e-űṡa:
te̋e̋ƣ-l-o e=na̋b-a da éȝu=ge̋r-a-þ-os visáru e=űṡ-a
distill-AG-N.s PST=burst-IND and its=hold-IND-PP-N.s everywhere PST=splash-IND


Adjective

  • 5. k̬ı̋ı̋li क्वी॓लि – not moving, calm
  • The children became still when they heard the noise.
  • ṡɪ̋ṡus k̬ı̋ı̋lus e-ɪ̋la—méti þı̋mom e-ve̋na:
ṡɪ̋ṡ-us k̬ı̋ı̋l-us e=ɪ̋l-a méti þı̋m-om e=ve̋n-a
child-N.p still-N.p PST=become-IND when noise-A.s PST=hear-IND


  • 6. albőőuli अल्बौ॓उलि - not effervescing; not sparkling
  • I prefer a still wine to a bubbly one.
  • mu bőőulro m̃einős þóós' albőőulro m̃e̋inom ne̋la:
m-u bőőulro-Ø m̃ein-ős þóós-' al=bőőulro-Ø m̃e̋in-om ne̋l-a
1s-N bubbly-ABS wine-G.s as.opposed.to-ELIS PRV=bubbly-ABS wine-A.s prefer-IND


  • 7. sa̋a̋mi सा॓मि – silent
  • After the deafening noise, all was still.
  • őro ƣomős pósa sa̋a̋mo e-vűűa:
őr-o ƣom-ős pósa sa̋a̋m-o e=vűű-a
all-N.s loud.noise-G.s after silent-N.s PST=be-IND


Adverb

  • 8. k̬íílvi क्वी॔ल्भि - without motion
  • They stood still until the guard turned the corner.
  • éȝus k̬íílvi e-ṡűra—sííra dı̋slu żőőkom e-sűka:
éȝ-us k̬ííl-vi e=ṡűr-a sííra dı̋s-l-u żőők-om e=sűk-a
3-N.p still-ADV PST=stand-IND until guard-AG-N.s corner-A.s PST=turn-IND


  • 9. ódu ओ॔दु - Up to a time, as in the preceding time, yet.
  • Is it still raining?
  • ódu sűűm̃a me:
ódu sűűm̃-a me
still rain-IND Q


  • 10. ódu ओ॔दु – to an even greater degree.
  • I am tall. My brother is taller. My father is still/even taller.
  • mu gőxu vűűa: mu-ża̋mu gygőxu vűűa: mu-ta̋a̋ta ódu gygőxu vűűa:
m-u gőx-u vűű-a mu=ża̋m-u gy~gőx-u vűű-a mu=ta̋a̋t-a ódu gy~gőx-u vűű-a
1s-N tall-N.s be-IND my=brother-N.s ELT~tall-N.s be-IND my=father-N.s still ELT~tall-N.s be-IND


  • 11. ódu ओ॔दु – even, yet
  • Some dogs howl, still more bark.
  • tı̋ı̋ðe na̋a̋ȝes ƣűma. ódu mıme̋e̋es la̋a̋a:
tı̋ı̋ðe-Ø na̋a̋ȝ-es ƣűm-a ódu mı~me̋e̋-es la̋a̋-a
some-ABS dog-N.p howl-IND still ELT~much-N.p bark-IND


  • 12. sáámu सा॔मु – nevertheless
  • It is raining; still I'll go to the bakery.
  • sűűm̃a: mu sáámu vooƣmı̋ƣom do u-a̋ta:
sűűm̃-a m-u sáámu vooƣ-mı̋ƣ-om do u=a̋t-a
rain-IND 1s-N still bake-store-A.s to FUT=go-IND


Senjecas - sustain

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