Miwonša: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 11:43, 25 September 2015

This article is a work in progress.
The contents may be tentative, incomplete, inaccurate, in need of elaboration, subject to later revision, or just plain sketchy.

As a courtesy, if you are not the author of the article, please do not make edits to this article while this message is displayed.

Introduction

Phonology

Consonants

	labial	alveolar	post-alveolar	palatal	velar	glottal
plosive	p pʼ (b)	t tʼ (d)		c cʼ	k kʼ (g)
nasal	m	n		ɲ	(ŋ)
fricative	f (v)	s z (sʲ zʲ)	ʃ ʒ	ɕ	(x)	h
affricate		ts	tʃ dʒ	(tɕ tɕʼ)
trills		r
laterals		l (ɬ)		(ʎ)
approximants	w ʍ			j

Vowels

Monophthongs:

	front	central	back
high	i ĩ		u ũ
central	ɛ ɛ̃		ɔ ɔ̃
low		a ã

Diphthongs:

	front	central	back
high	iʊ̯		uɪ̯
central	ɛɪ̯		ɔɪ̯
low		aɪ̯ aʊ̯

Latin Orthography

Nouns

Adjectives

Pronouns

Determiners

Verbs

Finite Verbs forms

The slot model

slot 1	slot 2		slot 3		slot 4		slot 5
VERB STEM	-wa-/-ya-	PAST	-im-	1SG.NOM	-im-	1SG.ACC	-an	IND.IPFV
			-iš-	2SG.NOM	-iš	2SG.ACC	-Ø-/-at-	IND.PFV
			-iw-/-if-/-it	3SG.NOM	-iw-/-it	3SG.ACC	-ui/-ao	IND.FUT
			-am-	1PL.NOM	-am-	1PL.ACC	-ai	COND
			-aš-	2PL.NOM	-aš-	2PL.ACC	-ai/-Ø	IPFV
			-aw-/-af-/-at	3PL.NOM	-aw-/-at	2PL.ACC
					-ar-	PASS
					-ast-	REFL
					-ahw-	RECP
					-asj-	IMPERS

Agreement rules

Type of Subject	Type of Object	Subject Agreement	Object Agreement	Example sentence	Translation
noun	no object	NO	NO	Kaika lufjan.	The cat is sleeping.
pronoun	no object	YES	NO	Woi lufiwan.	He is sleeping.
omitted pronoun	no object	YES	NO	Lufiwan.	He is sleeping.
phrase	no object	NO	NO	Luzjan, sta ši anhi.	It's nice (literally: It makes happy) that you are here.
noun	nouns	NO	NO
	pronouns	YES	YES
	omitted pronouns	YES	YES
	phrase	NO	NO
(omitted) pronoun	nouns	YES	NO
	pronouns	YES	YES
	omitted pronouns	YES	YES
	phrase	YES	NO
phrase	nouns	NO	NO
	pronouns	YES	NO
	omitted pronouns	YES	NO

Copula

Prepositions

Numbers

Syntax

Derivation

@@ Line 119: / Line 119: @@
 ==== Agreement rules ====
-  {| class="wikitable"
+  {| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed"
    ! style="background:#d0e5f5" | Type of Subject
    ! style="background:#d0e5f5" | Type of Object
@@ Line 127: / Line 127: @@
    ! style="background:#d0e5f5" | Translation
    |-
-   | noun || no object || style="background:#FFFF66" | NO || style="background:#FFFF66" | NO || Kaika lufjan. || The cat is sleeping.
+   | noun || no object || style="background:#FF0000" | NO || style="background:#FF0000" | NO || Kaika lufjan. || The cat is sleeping.
    |-
-   | pronoun || no object || style="background:#FFFF66" | YES || style="background:#FFFF66" | NO || Woi luf'''iw'''an. || He is sleeping.
+   | pronoun || no object || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || style="background:#FF0000" | NO || Woi luf'''iw'''an. || He is sleeping.
    |-
-   | omitted pronoun || no object || style="background:#FFFF66" | YES || style="background:#FFFF66" | NO || Luf'''iw'''an. || He is sleeping.
+   | omitted pronoun || no object || style="background:#FF0000" | YES || style="background:#FF0000" | NO || Luf'''iw'''an. || He is sleeping.
    |-
-   | phrase || no object || style="background:#FFFF66" | NO || style="background:#FFFF66" | NO || Luzjan, sta ši anhi. || It's nice (literally: It makes happy) that you are here.
+   | phrase || no object || style="background:#FF0000" | NO || style="background:#FF0000" | NO || Luzjan, sta ši anhi. || It's nice (literally: It makes happy) that you are here.
    |-
    | rowspan="4"| noun
-   | nouns || style="background:#FFFF66" | NO|| style="background:#FFFF66" | NO ||
+   | nouns || style="background:#FF0000" | NO|| style="background:#FF0000" | NO || ||
    |-
-   | pronouns || style="background:#FFFF66" | YES || style="background:#FFFF66" | YES ||
+   | pronouns || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || ||
    |-
-   | omitted pronouns || style="background:#FFFF66" | YES || style="background:#FFFF66" | YES ||
+   | omitted pronouns || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || ||
    |-
-   | phrase || style="background:#FFFF66" | NO || style="background:#FFFF66" | NO ||
+   | phrase || style="background:#FF0000" | NO || style="background:#FF0000" | NO || ||
    |-
    | rowspan="4"| (omitted) pronoun
-   | nouns || style="background:#FFFF66" | YES || style="background:#FFFF66" | NO ||
+   | nouns || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || style="background:#FF0000" | NO || ||
    |-
-   | pronouns || style="background:#FFFF66" | YES || style="background:#FFFF66" | YES ||
+   | pronouns || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || ||
    |-
-   | omitted pronouns || style="background:#FFFF66" | YES || style="background:#FFFF66" | YES ||
+   | omitted pronouns || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || ||
    |-
-   | phrase || style="background:#FFFF66" | YES || style="background:#FFFF66" | NO ||
+   | phrase || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || style="background:#FF0000" | NO || ||
    |-
    | rowspan="4"| phrase
-   | nouns || style="background:#FFFF66" | NO || style="background:#FFFF66" | NO ||
+   | nouns || style="background:#FF0000" | NO || style="background:#FF0000" | NO || ||
    |-
-   | pronouns || style="background:#FFFF66" | YES || style="background:#FFFF66" | NO ||
+   | pronouns || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || style="background:#FF0000" | NO || ||
    |-
-   | omitted pronouns || style="background:#FFFF66" | YES || style="background:#FFFF66" | NO ||
+   | omitted pronouns || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || style="background:#FF0000" | NO || ||
    |-
      |}