User:Tropylium/Sketchpad: Difference between revisions
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Unattested phonemes in italics: | Unattested phonemes in italics: | ||
/''p'' b t ɗ c ɟ k ɠ ʧ ʤ f v s z ʃ ''ʒ'' x h m n ŋ w l ''(ȴ) j'' r/<br/> | /''p'' b t ɗ c ɟ k ɠ ʧ ʤ f v s z ʃ ''ʒ'' x h m n ŋ w l ''(ȴ) j'' r/<br/> | ||
/i ''iː'' u uː ''e''~ə o ''oː'' æ ''æː'' ɑ ɑː/</ | /i ''iː'' u uː ''e''~ə o ''oː'' æ ''æː'' ɑ ɑː/<br/> | ||
fulɑʃr • næɠf • wælʤ • ɟmoŋəf • ʧɠuːz • ikʧoŋv • wərɑːcsibʤ • hɑɗh • ultəwx<br/> | fulɑʃr • næɠf • wælʤ • ɟmoŋəf • ʧɠuːz • ikʧoŋv • wərɑːcsibʤ • hɑɗh • ultəwx<br/> | ||
(implosivs allophonic with vcd. stops) | (implosivs allophonic with vcd. stops) | ||
===For [[East Persian']]=== | ===For [[East Persian']]=== | ||
| Line 187: | Line 186: | ||
*/ʈʳ/ ~ [ɽ] vs. /t̪/ | */ʈʳ/ ~ [ɽ] vs. /t̪/ | ||
* Voiced stop POA rotation: | * Voiced stop POA rotation: | ||
** b | ** b > w > gʷ | ||
** d | ** d > ð > v > b | ||
** ɟ | ** ɟ > dʒ > dz > d (can be split to parts if needed) | ||
** g | ** g > j > ɟ | ||
** gʷ | ** gʷ > g | ||
* Sonorants to stops: | |||
** l > lʰ > ɬ > tɬ > t | |||
** n > nʰ > θ > f > p | |||
** r > rʰ > χ > x > k | |||
==Lexical dump== | ==Lexical dump== | ||
Latest revision as of 08:47, 13 July 2014
Experimental Phonology Labs
Nothing Coronal Sketch
- /ʘ m ŋ p k f x/ (/ʘ̃/?)
- /a/ [-HI] [+LO]
- /o/ [-HI] [-LO]
- /u/ [+HI] [-LO]
- /wa/ [+HI] [+LO]
konka kuffu fakwafang pux muxumpa bwaka ngwapompo
Internally consistent weirdness
| BLB | LBA | LZD | VZD | GUT | AER |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ʘ | ǁ | ǃ | |||
| ʘⁿ | ǁⁿ | ǃⁿ | |||
| p | ɾ | ʈk) | ʡ | ʡʰ | |
| m | ɳŋ) | ɴ̠ | ɴ̠ʩ) | ||
| ɸ | f= | ɬ̪ | ɬˣ | ||
| ð̞ʷ | ɻˠ | ||||
| ɪ | ə | ɐ |
- Coronal clicks are retroflex.
- The "aerated" series technically requires a release resembling nasal release but along a different physiological feature (no direct human counterpart).
West Uralic lostlang
- *ë > a, md > nd
- *V > *VV / _{x}
- *F > FF / _j
- *B > BB / _v
- Umlaut (6v > 7V)
- *e æ ɑ > *ɪ ɛ a / _i
- *ɑ æ > *ɔ a
- General high laxing/mid tensing
- *i ü ï u > *ɪ ʏ ɪ̈ ʊ
- > (j)ə (v)ə (j)ə (v)ə / (#_)
- *e o > e: o: > i u
- *ɛ ɔ > i u / '_#
- *i ü ï u > *ɪ ʏ ɪ̈ ʊ
- *ń ď ś č š > n dž š ts s
- *kt > pt
- *l > w / _{C #}
- *Cj Cv > CC
- CC > C / _[+STR]
- [-voice] > [+voice] / [+voice]_V
- uw əw əj ij > u u i i
- vu ji > vɔ jɛ
- ə > ɔ ɛ / [+LAB]_ [+HI]_
Synopsis for Proto-WUL:
- *ê_i, i_i, ü_i, ô_i, u_i > (j, j, v, v, v)ə_í
- vɔdí mɔdí kədzí mɔksí ləstí, vri kri ksi ("middle"), təgɛ́- vɔnɛ́- jɛstɛ́-, plɛ- mnɛ- psɛ-
- səlí nədí šugí šɛkší kəmɛ́ni kəndzí vɔptí (?), štsi ("coal"), kədɛ́- nugɛ́-, trɛ-
- jɛgí vɔgí pɔŋí kumí
- '
- *ô_a, i_a, u_a > (j, j, v)ə_ú
- nəlú jɛzú vɔzú ("sleeve", "hate" both), tsəndú, vɔdzɔ́-, krɔ- stɔ-'
- *i_ä, ü_a > (j, v)ə_á
- kumá mɔká ləká- vɔská, pša psa-
- *e_i, e_ä, e_a > í_ɛ, í_a, í_ɔ
- nidɛ
- piza nilla
- *ä_i > ɛ́_ɛ
- *a_i, ä_ä > á_ɛ, á_a
- *a_a > ɔ́_ɔ
- kɔptɔ
- *o_i, o_a > ú_ɛ, ú_ɔ
- *ê_i, i_i, ü_i, ô_i, u_i > (j, j, v, v, v)ə_í
Pre-Proto-Japanese'
| tsʼ | tʂʼ | tʃʼ | |||
| p(ʰ) | t̪(ʰ) | tʂ(ʰ) | tʃ(ʰ) | k(ʰ) | |
| b | d̪ | ɖ | ɡ | ||
| s | h | ||||
| m | n |
+ other sonorants as needed
- affricate POAs partially allophonic with each other / t k?
- aspirates → f θ ʂ ʃ x
- θ ʂ → f x
- F → V
- ejectivs → pf x tʃ
Aspiration in clusters (example):
| btʃ | btʃʰ | → | ptʃ | ftʃ |
| d̪tʃ | d̪tʃʰ | → | tʃː | ɬtʃ |
| ɖtʃ | ɖtʃʰ | → | rtʃː | xtʃ |
| ɡtʃ | ɡtʃʰ | → | ktʃ |
Note /v tʃ ʒ/ rather than reconstructed *bv *c *ɟ!
For West Altaic'
Or therearound?
Unattested phonemes in italics:
/p b t ɗ c ɟ k ɠ ʧ ʤ f v s z ʃ ʒ x h m n ŋ w l (ȴ) j r/
/i iː u uː e~ə o oː æ æː ɑ ɑː/
fulɑʃr • næɠf • wælʤ • ɟmoŋəf • ʧɠuːz • ikʧoŋv • wərɑːcsibʤ • hɑɗh • ultəwx
(implosivs allophonic with vcd. stops)
For East Persian'
A)
- ɪː/j/w → eː/j/w
- e → ɪ
- → ɨ
- ʊ(j) → i(ː)
- ʊː → uː
- ew (ɪw) → oː
- æː/j, ej, ow ==
- æ → a → ɑ
- æw → ɑw
- ɒː → ɑː
- ɐ → æ
- result: i ɨ æ ɑ, iː uː, eː ej oː ow, æː æj ɑː ɑw (needs u o?)
B)
- ɪ(ː), ʊ(ː) → ə → a
- ɪj ɪw ??
- ʊj → oj → (w)i
- e(ː j) → i
- ew → u
- ow → (w)u
- æ(ː j), ɐ → e
- æw, ɒː → o → (w)a
- result: i e a u + labiovelars/uvulars
Shared:
- ew æw → back vowels, ʊj → i
- centering/lo'ering of ɪ
- fronting of ɐ
Plain/palatalized/retracted
Draft the 1st:
| m | n | nʲ | ɳ | ||||
| p | t̪ ~ -θ- | ts | tsʲ | ʈʂ | k | kʲ | q |
| b | d̪ ~ -ð- | dz | dzʲ | ɖʐ | g | gʲ | ɢ |
| v | s | sʲ | ʂ | x | xʲ | χ | |
| l | lʲ | ʈʂʼ | j | qʼ | |||
| ɾ | ɽ | ||||||
| r, r̥ |
Possibly: geminates; additional ejectivs (but we're not having a full set); voiced sibilant/chirants (may be allophonic)
/ɽ/ ← *ɭ
To be allocated
- Difthong allophony/split: [au eu iu ~ ao eo io] (perhaps [ei ai ou ~ eː ae oː], [iː eː oː uː ~ ie ea oa uo])
(last part looks a bit too Samic) - Labiodental flap
- Labiouvular trilled affricate [♇]
- /ʈʳ/ ~ [ɽ] vs. /t̪/
- Voiced stop POA rotation:
- b > w > gʷ
- d > ð > v > b
- ɟ > dʒ > dz > d (can be split to parts if needed)
- g > j > ɟ
- gʷ > g
- Sonorants to stops:
- l > lʰ > ɬ > tɬ > t
- n > nʰ > θ > f > p
- r > rʰ > χ > x > k
Lexical dump
Some number system, set as base-5 but extensible:
- 1 2 3 4 hei len sa mo
- b b² b³ b⁴ b⁵ idži tudži pxedži vašši teldži
- 2b 2b² 2b³ 2b⁴ 2b⁵ lenidži lentudži leŋkadži lembašši lenterdži
- 3b 3b² 3b³ 3b⁴ 3b⁵ saidži satudži sakwadži savašši saterdži
- 4b 4b² 4b³ 4b⁴ 4b⁵ moidži gotudži gokwadži govašši goterdži
- go is evidently (b-1).
(why -ter- in higher lakhads?? was this just an orthographic quirk?)
Orthographics
"Sumerian" diphonic faux-syllabary
With underspecification:
- /tæmæ/ = TFV-L̃V-mFV-LV
- /diːzə/ = TFV-HVFC-SMV
Ie. front/backness coded on "initial"; height coded on "coda"; will look like a vertical vowel system on first glance
morf
English needs more umlaut derivativs
*-ɪθ
- long ∶ length ∷ strong ∶ strength ∷ wrong ∶ wrength /ɹɛŋθ/
- young ∶ youth
- wide ∶ width ∷ side ∶ sidth /sɪdθ/
- … ∷ mild ∶ mildth /mɪldθ/ ∷ wild ∶ wildth /wɪldθ/
- short ∶ sherth /ʃɝːθ/
- old ∶ eldth /ɛldθ/
- heal ∶ health /hɛlθ/
- wreak ∶ wrath ∷ weak ∶ wath /wæθ/ ??
- dry ∶ drought
- high ∶ height ∷ wigh /waɪ/ ∶ weight
- frigh /fɹaɪ/ ∶ fright
- low ∶ louth /luːθ/?
- (true ∶ truth)
