Conlang Relay 18/Skerre: Difference between revisions
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Se’eran a sakar riitoso a roohina. Riiheran a kihan e tswanet wateson. Risan a rohas e quenos sawa kihan. Keeriihaton a eson, ire te hasin hiyos. Hantsarin tsa sakar a tsahi ye teen ir keeriiwatayonin a sisa-sa. Ona sekeeyowarin a eson sawa sii’erek ne tintsaka i yiket. Keeriiheran sawa tinkotsiyok ir kiyes ka’antanen, yaatse sesiisan a sakar ye teen. | Se’eran a sakar riitoso a roohina. Riiheran a kihan e tswanet wateson. Risan a rohas e quenos sawa kihan. Keeriihaton a eson, ire te hasin hiyos. Hantsarin tsa sakar a tsahi ye teen ir keeriiwatayonin a sisa-sa. Ona sekeeyowarin a eson sawa sii’erek ne tintsaka i yiket. Keeriiheran sawa tinkotsiyok ir kiyes ka’antanen, yaatse sesiisan a sakar ye teen. | ||
== Grammatical Notes | == Grammatical Notes == | ||
Morphological Constructions | ===Morphological Constructions=== | ||
tin- + N-stem | {| | ||
wa-/wat- + N-stem | ! Form !! English gloss !! Grammatical Term | ||
N-word + -sa | |- | ||
sii- + V-stem | |tin- + N-stem || 'Ns, collection of Ns'|| (collective plural) | ||
ts- + V- | |- | ||
|wa-/wat- + N-stem || 'have N' || (verbalizer) | |||
rii- + V-stem | |- | ||
kee- + V-stem | | N-word + -sa || 'his, her, its N' || (3sg possessor) | ||
|- | |||
V-stem + -(i)n | | sii- + V-stem || 'Ving, Vation' || ('action' nominalizer) | ||
|- | |||
otherwise be long, it is short before this suffix | | ts- + V-stem || 'thing that Vs' || ('patient' nominalizer) | ||
|- | |||
| colspan="3" | | |||
interpreted as having a 3SG subject | * A stem-initial s- or h- is absorbed into the -s- of this prefix | ||
se- + VFIN form | |- | ||
ka- + VFIN form | |rii- + V-stem || 'make V, cause to V'|| (causative) | ||
|- | |||
|kee- + V-stem || 'get V'd, V oneself' || (anticausative) | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="3"| | |||
* This turns an externally-caused event into an internally-caused one | |||
|- | |||
|V-stem + -(i)n || VFIN form || (finite verb) | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="3" | | |||
* If the vowel in the syllable preceding the affix would otherwise be long, it is short before this suffix | |||
* Without a prefix signifying tense, aspect, or mood, the VFIN form has a general aspectual interpretation (somewhat similar to the English present tense) | |||
* Without a person-marking suffix, the VFIN form is interpreted as having a 3SG subject | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|se- + VFIN form || 'Ved' || (perfective aspect) | |||
|- | |||
|ka- + VFIN form || 'be Ving' || (progressive aspect) | |||
|} | |||
Syntax | ===Syntax=== | ||
*Head-initial: verbs, nouns, prepositions all precede their arguments. | |||
**Most modifiers are also after verbs, nouns, etc. but some are before | |||
**Sentential connectives (coordinators, subordinators) all precede the sentence they go with | |||
* If subject marking is found in a clause, it will be suffixed to either the clause-initial verb or to the first of any number of adverbials preceding the first verb of the clause | |||
*The 'with' preposition is used as a coordinator with nominal phrases | |||
*Skerre has ergative alignment with "full NPs", but accusative alignment with pronominal affixes | |||
*Skerre verbs are known for their "quirky" case assignment, so you might find that a Skerre preposition may seem superfluous (from the standpoint of the English translation) or should be translated in a way that appears to contradict the glossary translation. | |||
*See [http://skerre.conlang.org/skerre/skerremain.html my website] for additional and/or supplementary information. In cases where the website and these notes disagree, take the notes here as correct. | |||
== Glossary | == Glossary == | ||
*a - absolutive preposition | |||
*aka - do | |||
*antane - disappear, be gone | |||
*ayon - red | |||
*e - of the | |||
*era - begin, start, commence | |||
*erek - be proud | |||
*eson - spirit, demon | |||
*hantsar - serve, give food to, give drink to | |||
*hasin - surface, slab, tabletop | |||
*hato - be visible | |||
*hera - move, go | |||
*hiyos - white | |||
*i - of | |||
*ir - and | |||
*ire - sit | |||
*kihan - arm | |||
*kiyes - while, when | |||
*kotsiyok - untruth | |||
*ne - with the | |||
*ona - but | |||
*quenos - smoke | |||
*risa - spew, spurt | |||
*rohas - cloud, plume, billow | |||
*roohina - shrine, temple, area of religious significance | |||
*sahi - drink | |||
*sakar - child | |||
*sawa - from the | |||
*sisa - face | |||
*te - at the, in the, on the | |||
*teen - him, her, it (general use 3SG independent pronoun) | |||
*toso - wake up, rise (from sleep) | |||
*tsa - ergative preposition | |||
*wanet - worship, idolize (has negative connotations) | |||
*yaatse - only, just | |||
*ye - to, towards, into | |||
*yiket - all, everyone | |||
*yowar - forget | |||
== Smooth English Translation == | == Smooth English Translation == | ||
The child began to awaken the shrine. S/he moved the arm of the spirit-idol. A cloud of smoke billowed from the arm. A spirit appeared, sitting on a white slab. The child served a drink to it and its face turned red. But the spirit had been forgotten due to everyone's pride and habits. It was removed by [these] falsehoods and, when it disappeared, the child only smiled at it. | The child began to awaken the shrine. S/he moved the arm of the spirit-idol. A cloud of smoke billowed from the arm. A spirit appeared, sitting on a white slab. The child served a drink to it and its face turned red. But the spirit had been forgotten due to everyone's pride and habits. It was removed by [these] falsehoods and, when it disappeared, the child only smiled at it. |
Latest revision as of 07:51, 11 May 2013
The Skerre Text
Se’eran a sakar riitoso a roohina. Riiheran a kihan e tswanet wateson. Risan a rohas e quenos sawa kihan. Keeriihaton a eson, ire te hasin hiyos. Hantsarin tsa sakar a tsahi ye teen ir keeriiwatayonin a sisa-sa. Ona sekeeyowarin a eson sawa sii’erek ne tintsaka i yiket. Keeriiheran sawa tinkotsiyok ir kiyes ka’antanen, yaatse sesiisan a sakar ye teen.
Grammatical Notes
Morphological Constructions
Form | English gloss | Grammatical Term | |
---|---|---|---|
tin- + N-stem | 'Ns, collection of Ns' | (collective plural) | |
wa-/wat- + N-stem | 'have N' | (verbalizer) | |
N-word + -sa | 'his, her, its N' | (3sg possessor) | |
sii- + V-stem | 'Ving, Vation' | ('action' nominalizer) | |
ts- + V-stem | 'thing that Vs' | ('patient' nominalizer) | |
| |||
rii- + V-stem | 'make V, cause to V' | (causative) | |
kee- + V-stem | 'get V'd, V oneself' | (anticausative) | |
| |||
V-stem + -(i)n | VFIN form | (finite verb) | |
|
|||
se- + VFIN form | 'Ved' | (perfective aspect) | |
ka- + VFIN form | 'be Ving' | (progressive aspect) |
Syntax
- Head-initial: verbs, nouns, prepositions all precede their arguments.
- Most modifiers are also after verbs, nouns, etc. but some are before
- Sentential connectives (coordinators, subordinators) all precede the sentence they go with
- If subject marking is found in a clause, it will be suffixed to either the clause-initial verb or to the first of any number of adverbials preceding the first verb of the clause
- The 'with' preposition is used as a coordinator with nominal phrases
- Skerre has ergative alignment with "full NPs", but accusative alignment with pronominal affixes
- Skerre verbs are known for their "quirky" case assignment, so you might find that a Skerre preposition may seem superfluous (from the standpoint of the English translation) or should be translated in a way that appears to contradict the glossary translation.
- See my website for additional and/or supplementary information. In cases where the website and these notes disagree, take the notes here as correct.
Glossary
- a - absolutive preposition
- aka - do
- antane - disappear, be gone
- ayon - red
- e - of the
- era - begin, start, commence
- erek - be proud
- eson - spirit, demon
- hantsar - serve, give food to, give drink to
- hasin - surface, slab, tabletop
- hato - be visible
- hera - move, go
- hiyos - white
- i - of
- ir - and
- ire - sit
- kihan - arm
- kiyes - while, when
- kotsiyok - untruth
- ne - with the
- ona - but
- quenos - smoke
- risa - spew, spurt
- rohas - cloud, plume, billow
- roohina - shrine, temple, area of religious significance
- sahi - drink
- sakar - child
- sawa - from the
- sisa - face
- te - at the, in the, on the
- teen - him, her, it (general use 3SG independent pronoun)
- toso - wake up, rise (from sleep)
- tsa - ergative preposition
- wanet - worship, idolize (has negative connotations)
- yaatse - only, just
- ye - to, towards, into
- yiket - all, everyone
- yowar - forget
Smooth English Translation
The child began to awaken the shrine. S/he moved the arm of the spirit-idol. A cloud of smoke billowed from the arm. A spirit appeared, sitting on a white slab. The child served a drink to it and its face turned red. But the spirit had been forgotten due to everyone's pride and habits. It was removed by [these] falsehoods and, when it disappeared, the child only smiled at it.