Proto-Persian': Difference between revisions
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| style="background:#FFFFFF" | Plain consonant clusters; may occur morpheme-internally | | style="background:#FFFFFF" | Plain consonant clusters; may occur morpheme-internally | ||
|- | |||
| style="background:# | | style="background:#FFFFBF" | Plain consonant clusters with regular subphonemic modifications | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="background:#BFDFFF" | Contrast neutralization; occurs intermorphemically<br/>(Also interpretable as allophones of the aspirates, which do not occur intervocally!) | | style="background:#BFDFFF" | Contrast neutralization; occurs intermorphemically<br/>(Also interpretable as allophones of the aspirates, which do not occur intervocally!) | ||
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| style="background:#BFFFBF" | Intermorphemic only | | style="background:#BFFFBF" | Intermorphemic only | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="background:#FFDFBF" | Intermorphemic | | style="background:#FFDFBF" | Intermorphemic sandhi | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="background:#DFDFBF" | | | style="background:#DFDFBF" | Interword (?) sandhi | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="background:#DFDFDF" | Epenthetic /ʊ/ | | style="background:#DFDFDF" | Epenthetic /ʊ/ | ||
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! h | ! h | ||
| style="background:#FFDFBF" | | | style="background:#FFDFBF" | ʰp | ||
| style="background:#FFDFBF" | | | style="background:#FFDFBF" | ʰt | ||
| style="background:#FFDFBF" | | | style="background:#FFDFBF" | ʰk | ||
| style="background:#FFDFBF" | | | style="background:#FFDFBF" | ʰq | ||
| style="background:#BFFFBF" | hh || mh || nh | | style="background:#BFFFBF" | hh || mh || nh | ||
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/ɐ ɒː/ form similar long-short pair, "/A Aː/" as the other vowels. /ow/ seems in some cases associated with this pair, in others with /ʊ ʊː ʊj/ (and in most, there's just no telling). There is no **/Aj/ of any sort; if there ever was, it might have previously merged into /æj/. | |||
A medial glide forms a difthong with a preceding short vowel, but not a preceding long one. | A medial glide forms a difthong with a preceding short vowel, but not a preceding long one. | ||
[[Category: Earth']] | |||
[[Category: Conlangs]] | |||
Latest revision as of 07:02, 26 October 2011
Thanks to some of the oldest languages attested in writing (Tsonboran especially) belonging in the Persian' family, this protolang can reliably be traced all the way back to about -8ka, despite the family being relativly small. (Out of real language families, the "analog" of this might be Dravidian.)
Consonants
| Labial | Coronal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Central | Lateral | |||||
| Aspirate stops | pʰ | tʰ | kʰ | qʰ | ||
| Tenuis stops | p | t | k | q | ||
| Voiced stops | b | d | ||||
| Nasal stops | m | n | ||||
| Voiceless fricativs | s | ɬ | χ | h | ||
| Voiced continuants | w | r | l | j | ʁ | |
Cluster table
| Color key |
|---|
| Plain consonant clusters; may occur morpheme-internally |
| Plain consonant clusters with regular subphonemic modifications |
| Contrast neutralization; occurs intermorphemically (Also interpretable as allophones of the aspirates, which do not occur intervocally!) |
| Intermorphemic only |
| Intermorphemic sandhi |
| Interword (?) sandhi |
| Epenthetic /ʊ/ |
| Coda → Onset ↓ |
p | t | k | q | h | m | n |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| pʰ | N/A | tpʰ | kpʰ | qpʰ | ʰp | mpʰ | npʰ |
| p | N/A | ʰtp | ʰkp | ʰqp | mp | np | |
| b | N/A | tb | kb | qb | m | ||
| tʰ | ptʰ | qtʰ | ktʰ | qtʰ | ʰt | mtʰ | ntʰ |
| t | ʰpt | ʰqt | ʰkt | ʰqt | mt | nt | |
| d | pd | tr | kd | qd | n | ||
| kʰ | pkʰ | tkʰ | tkʰ | ʰk | mkʰ | nkʰ | |
| k | ʰpk | ʰtk | ʰtk | mk | nk | ||
| qʰ | pqʰ | tqʰ | tqʰ | ʰq | mqʰ | nqʰ | |
| q | ʰpq | ʰtq | ʰtq | mq | nq | ||
| s | N/A | qs | ks | qs | hs | ms | ns |
| ɬ | N/A | ql | kl | ql | hɬ | mɬ | nɬ |
| χ | N/A | qʰ | hh | mχ | nχ | ||
| ʁ | N/A | tʀ | qʀ | qʀ | hʀ | mʁ | nʁ |
| h | ʰp | ʰt | ʰk | ʰq | hh | mh | nh |
| m | N/A | m | hm | m | |||
| n | N/A | n | hn | n | |||
| r | pr | tr | kr | qr | hr | ms | ns |
| l | pl | ql | kl | ql | hl | mɬ | nɬ |
| j | pj | tj | kj | qʀj | hj | mj | nj |
| w | N/A | tw | kw | qw | hw | m | nw |
Vowels
| Front | Non-Front | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Short | Long | _j | _w | Short | Long | _j | _w | |
| Hi | ɪ | ɪː | ɪj | ɪw | ʊ | ʊː | ʊj | |
| Mid | e | eː | ej | ew | ɐ | ow | ||
| Lo | æ | æː | æj | æw | ɒː | |||
/ɐ ɒː/ form similar long-short pair, "/A Aː/" as the other vowels. /ow/ seems in some cases associated with this pair, in others with /ʊ ʊː ʊj/ (and in most, there's just no telling). There is no **/Aj/ of any sort; if there ever was, it might have previously merged into /æj/.
A medial glide forms a difthong with a preceding short vowel, but not a preceding long one.
