Central Lescealh Faraneit: Difference between revisions

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==Phonemes==
==Phonemes==
{| class="wikitable"
!  
!Bilabial
!Labio-Dental
!Alveolar
!Post-Alveolar
!Retroflex
!Velar
|-
|'''Stop'''
| align=center | {{IPA|p  b}}
|  
| align=center | {{IPA|t  d}}
|  
|  
| align=center | {{IPA|k}}
|-
|'''Nasal'''
| align=center | {{IPA|m}}
|  
| align=center | {{IPA|n}}
|  
|  
|  
|-
|'''Fricative'''
|  
| align=center | {{IPA|f  v}}
| align=center | {{IPA|s  z}}
| align=center | {{IPA|ʃ  ʒ}}
|  
| align=center | {{IPA|x}}
|-
|'''Approximant'''
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
| align=center | {{IPA|ʁ}}
|-
|'''Lateral Flap'''
|  
|  
| align=center | {{IPA|l}}
|  
| align=center | {{IPA|ɭ}}
|  
|}
*Phonemic Vowels: /i ɨ e ə æ ɑ o u/
**Harmonic Vowels: [i ɨ e y æ ɑ ø y]


==Sound Changes from Standard Lescealh Faraneit==
==Sound Changes from Standard Lescealh Faraneit==
Line 21: Line 73:


==Development of Limited Vowel Harmony==
==Development of Limited Vowel Harmony==
Prior to the universal lenition of /ʊ/, a primitive form of vowel harmony emerged. /o ʊ u/ became /ø ʏ y/ prior to a syllable containing /i ɪ e ɛ/. From this initial system, /y ʏ/ merged to /y/, only for /y/ to simplify to /ui/ and /ø/ to /ue/.
Prior to the universal lenition of /ʊ/, a primitive form of vowel harmony emerged. /o ʊ u/ became /ø ʏ y/ prior to a syllable containing /i ɪ e ɛ/. From this initial system, /y ʏ/ merged to /y/. Yet, within the verbal suffixes, this initial form was preserved, resulting in alternating forms depending on the last vowel in the verb's stem. For example,
 
Yet, within the verbal suffixes, this initial form was preserved, resulting in alternating forms depending on the last vowel in the verb's stem. For example,


  Boaneicejeih.
  Boaneicejeih.
Line 51: Line 101:
  I betrayed (some one).
  I betrayed (some one).


This affect is not limited to tense markers, as it also affects the third person marker. For example:
This affect is not limited to tense markers, but also affected the root's rightmost vowel for the future tense. For example:
 
Fascejoeh.
Fasc-e-j-'''''oeh'''''
write-PRES-REAL-3P
(S)He writes.
 
as opposed to


  Fascojoh.
  Ceuzejoah.
  Fasc-o-j-'''''oh'''''
  Ceuz-e-j-oah
  write-RPAST-REAL-3P
  betray-PRES-REAL-3P
  (S)He wrote.
  He/She/It betrays (some one).


Frequently the mutation on these two intersect. For example:
In contrast with:


  Feascuejoeh.
  C'''''ue'''''zijoah.
  Feasc-ue-j-oeh.
  Ceuz-i-j-oah
  teach-DPAST-REAL-3P
  betray-FUT-REAL-3P
  (He/She/It/They) were teaching (some one).
  He/She/It will betray (some one).


==Grammatical Peculiarities==
==Grammatical Peculiarities==
Line 87: Line 130:
  I have (a/some) goat(s).
  I have (a/some) goat(s).


Additionally, both zah (not) and sceatej (to be required) were cliticised as prefixes to other verbs, essentially operating as negative and necessitive mood markers. In both, they were heavily simplified in ad hoc form. For example, prior to /a e ɛ ə/ only the /z/ in zah is not deleted:
Additionally, both zah (not) and sceatej (to be required) were cliticised as prefixes to other verbs, essentially operating as negative and necessitive mood markers. In both, they were heavily simplified in ad hoc form. For example, prior to /ɑ æ ə e/ only the /z/ in zah is not deleted:


  Zazojoh heim.
  Zazojoh heim.
Line 123: Line 166:


As a result of the creation of a necessitive, the actual imperative mood (-t-) has become completely extinct in Central Lescealh. Similarly, subject-dropping to form an imperative has also declined, but not to nearly the same level.
As a result of the creation of a necessitive, the actual imperative mood (-t-) has become completely extinct in Central Lescealh. Similarly, subject-dropping to form an imperative has also declined, but not to nearly the same level.
[[Category: Conlangs]]

Latest revision as of 09:42, 15 July 2011

Central Lescealh Faraneit was the dialect spoken under Harapah rule through out Lescealh. It was given various amounts of special treatment as a de facto lingua franca during that time period.

Phonemes

  Bilabial Labio-Dental Alveolar Post-Alveolar Retroflex Velar
Stop p  b   t  d     k
Nasal m   n      
Fricative   f  v s  z ʃ  ʒ   x
Approximant           ʁ
Lateral Flap     l   ɭ  
  • Phonemic Vowels: /i ɨ e ə æ ɑ o u/
    • Harmonic Vowels: [i ɨ e y æ ɑ ø y]

Sound Changes from Standard Lescealh Faraneit

  • uq iq eq oq > ʊq ɪq ɛq ɔq
  • q > k
  • ç > ʃ
  • ɔn ɛn an > an
  • in ɪn un ʊn > ɪn ɪn ʊn ʊn
  • ɔ o > o
  • oʀ eʀ ɛʀ > ɔʀ ɛʀ ɛʀ
  • iʀ ɪʀ uʀ ʊʀ > ɪʀ ɪʀ ʊʀ ʊʀ
  • θ > DELETES
  • ʊ > ə
  • ɪ > ɨ
  • iV ɨV eV ɛV > jV
  • oV uV > wV
  • aV əV > V
  • ɛ a > æ ɑ

Development of Limited Vowel Harmony

Prior to the universal lenition of /ʊ/, a primitive form of vowel harmony emerged. /o ʊ u/ became /ø ʏ y/ prior to a syllable containing /i ɪ e ɛ/. From this initial system, /y ʏ/ merged to /y/. Yet, within the verbal suffixes, this initial form was preserved, resulting in alternating forms depending on the last vowel in the verb's stem. For example,

Boaneicejeih.
Boaneic-e-j-eih
eat-PRES-REAL-1P
I eat.

but

Boneicoejeih.
Boneic-oe-j-eih
eat-RPAST-REAL-1P
I was eating.

as opposed to

Ceuzejeih.
Ceuz-e-j-eih
betray-PRES-REAL-1P
I'm betraying (some one).

and

Ceuzojeih.
Ceuz-o-j-eih
betray-RPAST-REAL-1P
I betrayed (some one).

This affect is not limited to tense markers, but also affected the root's rightmost vowel for the future tense. For example:

Ceuzejoah.
Ceuz-e-j-oah
betray-PRES-REAL-3P
He/She/It betrays (some one).

In contrast with:

Cuezijoah.
Ceuz-i-j-oah
betray-FUT-REAL-3P
He/She/It will betray (some one).

Grammatical Peculiarities

Most notably rej, to have, is no longer irregularly conjugated, but instead incorporated into a genitive phrase. In SLF, one would say-

Rejeih teic.
r-e-j-eih teic.
have-PRES-REAL-1P goat
I/We have (a/some) goat(s).

Instead, the only form used verbally in CeLF is-

Teicearejeaheaz.
teic-ea-r-e-j-ea-heaz.
goat-GEN-have-PRES-REAL-GEN-1P.S.GEN
I have (a/some) goat(s).

Additionally, both zah (not) and sceatej (to be required) were cliticised as prefixes to other verbs, essentially operating as negative and necessitive mood markers. In both, they were heavily simplified in ad hoc form. For example, prior to /ɑ æ ə e/ only the /z/ in zah is not deleted:

Zazojoh heim.
z(a)-(h)az-o-j-oh heim.
NEG-harm-RPAST-REAL-3P 1P.S.ACC.
(He/She/It/They) harmed me.

from original Hazej. As for /i ɨ/, however,

Zayleitejeih molein.
za-(ei)leit-e-j-eih molein.
NEG-greet-PRES-REAL-1P 2P.PLUR.ACC
I am not greeting you.

while /o u/,

Zawneujeih dekein.
Za-(o)n-eu-j-eih dekein.
NEG-see-RPAST-REAL-1P 3P.S.INANI.ACC
I didn't see it.

Prior to consonants, however, the /a/ is preserved.

Sceatej simplifies much more regularly, becoming sc- when the verb begins with a vowel and scea- when the verb does not.

Sceadeuvijeih.
Scea-deuv-i-j-eih.
NEC-climb-FUT-REAL-1P
I must go and climb.
Sceileitejih teibein.
Sc-(h)eileit-e-j-ih teibein.
NEC-greet-PRES-REAL-2P 3P.PLUR.ACC
You must greet them.

As a result of the creation of a necessitive, the actual imperative mood (-t-) has become completely extinct in Central Lescealh. Similarly, subject-dropping to form an imperative has also declined, but not to nearly the same level.