Proto-East Altaic': Difference between revisions
(some initial notes) |
m (tagged) |
||
| (9 intermediate revisions by one other user not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
Palatalization of [[Proto-Altaic']] /k/ and some successiv reorganization of the vowel system introduced a new palatoalveolar consonant series, separate from retroflex. Dorsal nasals developed from glides in vicinity of other nasals<!--CF "Caucasian Sanskrit"-->; *ŋ seems to have however been at least in late PEA' purely velar, not palatalized. Smaller changes include f → ∅ and b → β. | |||
The stops were very likely allophonically voiced when prenasal, as they developed to voiced stops almost always in daughterlangs in that position. | |||
{| | |||
| rowspan="2" | | |||
! rowspan="2" | Labial | |||
! rowspan="2" | Dental /<br/>alveolar | |||
! rowspan="2" | Retroflex | |||
! rowspan="2" | Palato-<br/>alveolar | |||
! colspan="2" | Velar | |||
! colspan="2" | Uvular | |||
|- | |||
!<small>Plain</small> | |||
!<small>Labialized</small> | |||
!<small>Plain</small> | |||
!<small>Labialized</small> | |||
|- | |||
! Stops | |||
| align="center" | p | |||
| align="center" | t | |||
| align="center" | ʈ | |||
| align="center" | ʧ | |||
| align="center" | k | |||
| align="center" | kʷ | |||
| align="center" | q | |||
| align="center" | qʷ | |||
|- | |||
! Fricativs | |||
| align="center" | β | |||
| align="center" | s | |||
| align="center" | ʂ | |||
| align="center" | ʃ | |||
|- | |||
! Nasals | |||
| align="center" | m | |||
| align="center" | n || || | |||
| align="center" | ŋ | |||
| align="center" | ŋʷ | |||
|- | |||
! Approximants | |||
| | |||
| align="center" | l | |||
| align="center" | ɽ | |||
| align="right" | j || | |||
| align="center" | w | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
Vowels come in four tense-lax pairs: | Vowels come in four tense-lax pairs: | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Line 13: | Line 61: | ||
|} | |} | ||
Splits to [[ | PA' *i, *ɪ, *u, *ʊ are continued regularly, save for some tensing/laxing effects and labiality assimilations. *ej, *o, *ow (but *e generally not) raise to *i, *u, *u while *ɛ, *ɔ merge to *ɜ, which upon tensing defaults to *e. *a is split to *ɑ (upon secondary tensing) and *æ (default); *aj, *aw both yield *ɑ. | ||
(N)CV(C) | |||
"Noun class" suffixes include at least -t, -q, -l; whether these were actual codas in Proto-Altaic' or were a result of apocope remains to be seen (decided). The actual semantic meaning may have been diminutiv for -t and collectiv for -l. | |||
Splits to Proto-[[East-A Altaic']], Proto-[[East-B Altaic']] and Proto-[[East-C Altaic']] ca. -2ka. | |||
[[Category: Conlangs]] | |||
Latest revision as of 13:13, 17 July 2011
Palatalization of Proto-Altaic' /k/ and some successiv reorganization of the vowel system introduced a new palatoalveolar consonant series, separate from retroflex. Dorsal nasals developed from glides in vicinity of other nasals; *ŋ seems to have however been at least in late PEA' purely velar, not palatalized. Smaller changes include f → ∅ and b → β.
The stops were very likely allophonically voiced when prenasal, as they developed to voiced stops almost always in daughterlangs in that position.
| Labial | Dental / alveolar |
Retroflex | Palato- alveolar |
Velar | Uvular | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain | Labialized | Plain | Labialized | |||||
| Stops | p | t | ʈ | ʧ | k | kʷ | q | qʷ |
| Fricativs | β | s | ʂ | ʃ | ||||
| Nasals | m | n | ŋ | ŋʷ | ||||
| Approximants | l | ɽ | j | w | ||||
Vowels come in four tense-lax pairs:
| Pair | Tense | Lax |
|---|---|---|
| High front | i | ɪ |
| High back | u | ʊ |
| Mid | e | ɜ |
| Lo | ɑ | æ |
PA' *i, *ɪ, *u, *ʊ are continued regularly, save for some tensing/laxing effects and labiality assimilations. *ej, *o, *ow (but *e generally not) raise to *i, *u, *u while *ɛ, *ɔ merge to *ɜ, which upon tensing defaults to *e. *a is split to *ɑ (upon secondary tensing) and *æ (default); *aj, *aw both yield *ɑ.
(N)CV(C)
"Noun class" suffixes include at least -t, -q, -l; whether these were actual codas in Proto-Altaic' or were a result of apocope remains to be seen (decided). The actual semantic meaning may have been diminutiv for -t and collectiv for -l.
Splits to Proto-East-A Altaic', Proto-East-B Altaic' and Proto-East-C Altaic' ca. -2ka.
