Garonnian/Sound changes

Vulgar Latin to Proto-Garonnian

• Deletion of vowels in contact with the liquids (/l/ or /r/): speculum → /isˈpɛkʲu/ → /isˈpjɔdʒu/ → pisçog​̧ /pisˈtʃɔdʒ/ "mirror"
• Early lenition: /b/ and /v/ merge to /β/ in intervocalic positions. Before liquids, however, the sounds change to /w/ instead (Latin parabolō → /paˈrawlu/ → Garonnian parol /paˈrɔl/ "I speak"). Note them will deleted before /j/.
• Palatalization of /l/ following a consonant to /j/ (note cluster /kl/ → /kʲ/ → /tʃ/ → /dʒ/, an unusual development in standards of Romance languages, e.g. Latin oculus → Garonnian ueg​̧ "eye").
• Palatalization of /k(ɛ,i,j)/, /ɡ(ɛ,i,j)/ to /tʃ/ and /j/, respectively. The following original /j/ sounds (resulted from /e(ː)/ and /i(ː)/ preceding vowels) are deleted.
  • Notice also additional palatalizations that only occur before /j/: /lʲ/ → /ʎ/, /nʲ/ → /ɲ/, /sʲ/ → /ʃ/, and /tʲ/ → /ts/. Others were still denoted by plain palatalization: /mʲ/, /pʲ/, and /rʲ/. Note that original /bʲ/ in early Proto-Garonnian times transformed into /j/: habeō → ai "I have".
• Vowel shifts: ten vowels in Classical Latin are reduced to only five vowels in Proto-Garonnian:

Classical Latin	a	aː	e	eː	i	iː	o	oː	u	uː
Proto-Gallo-Sicilian	a		ɛ		i		ɔ		u

• • Additionally, vowels /ɛ/ and /ɔ/ change to /e/ and /o/ when preceding syllables containing vowels /i/ and /u/, that would be phonemic sometime in the Garonnian language's history. The table below illustrates this change:

Latin forms	/ˈhabeːs/	/ˈhabet/	/haˈbeːmus/	/haˈbeːtis/
Loss of -h-	/ˈabeːs/	/ˈabet/	/aˈbeːmus/	/aˈbeːtis/
Early lenition	/ˈaβeːs/	/ˈaβet/	/aˈβeːmus/	/aˈβeːtis/
Vowel shift	/ˈaːβɛs/	/ˈaːβɛt/	/aˈβemus/	/aˈβetis/
First lenition	/ˈaːβɛz/	/ˈaːβɛd/	/aˈβeːmuz/	/aˈβeːdiz/
Second lenition	/ˈaːɛz/	/ˈaːɛð/	/aˈeːmuz/	/aˈeːðiz/
Vowel loss	—	—	/aˈeːmz/	/aˈeːðz/
Diphtongization	/ˈaiɛz/	/ˈaiɛð/	/aˈeimz/	/aˈeiðz/
Simplification	/ˈaɛz/	/ˈaɛð/	/ˈaimz/	/ˈaiðz/
Monophthongization	—	—	/ˈɛmz/	/ˈɛðz/
Compensatory lengthening	—	/ˈaɛ/	—	/ˈɛːz/
Garonnian forms	aes	aed	aims	aids
English	"you have"	"(s)he has"	"we has"	"you have"

Examples

Latin forms	homō	fēmina	fīlius	aqua	focus	pluvia	terra	caelus	altus
Loss of -h-	/omoː/	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Early lenition	—	—	—	—	—	/ˈpluβiam/	—	—	—
Coalescence	—	—	/ˈfilʲːum/	/ˈakːʷa/	—	—	—	—	—
Vowel shift	/ˈɔːmɔ/	/ˈfeːmina/	/ˈfiːlʲːu/	/ˈaːkːʷa/	/ˈfoːkus/	/ˈpluːja/	/ˈtɛːrːa/	/ˈkeːlus/	/ˈaːltus/
First palatalization	—	—	—	—	—	/ˈpʲuːja/	—	/ˈkʲeːlus/	—
First lenition	—	—	—	—	/ˈfoːɡuz/	—	—	/ˈkʲeːluz/	/ˈaːltuz/
Second palatalization	—	—	/ˈfiʎːu/	—	—	/ˈtʃuːja/	—	/ˈtʃeːluz/	/ˈaːltuz/
Vowel breaking	—	—	—	—	—	—	/ˈtjɛrːa/	—	—