Athonite Grammar II: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 12:56, 8 November 2021

Pronunciation Table - Πινακ από Προφόρ

IPA	/a/¹	/af/²	/v/	/ɣ/³	/ŋ/	/g/	/ŋks/	/ŋç/	/ð/	/e/	/i/	/εf/⁴	/z/	/i/⁵	/θ/	/i/	/k/	/l/	/m/	/b/	/n/⁶	/d/	/ks/	/o/	/u/	/p/	/ɾ/	/s/⁷	/t/	/ʣ/	/i/	/f/	/ç/	/ps/	/o/
Greek	α	αυ	β	γ	γγ	γκ	γξ	γχ	δ	ε	ει	ευ	ζ	η	θ	ι	κ	λ	μ	μπ	ν	ντ	ξ	ο	ου	π	ρ	ς	τ	τζ	υ	φ	χ	ψ	ω
Athonite	α	αφ/β	β	γ	γγ	γκ	γξ	γχ	δ	ε	ι	εφ/β	ζ	ι	θ	ι	κ	λ	μ	μπ	ν	ντ	ξ	ο	ου	π	ρ	ς	τ	τζ	ι	φ	χ	ψ	ο
Latin	a	af/v	v	g	ng	g	ngks	nch	dh	e	i	ef/v	z	i	th	i	k	l	m	b	n	d	ks	o	u	p	r	s	t	tz	y	f	ch	ps	ō

Notes - Σιμιωςις

¹ when accented, otherwise /ʌ/.
² /ɣ/ before α, ο and ου; /j/ before ε and ι.
³ final <ν> before <π> and <μπ> becomes /m/, e.g., δεν μπορώ, <dhemboˈrṓ>, I cannot. The <π> becomes /b/, e.g., δεν πιραζι, <dhembiˈrazi>, it doesn't matter.

final <ν> before <κ>, <γ> and <χ> becomes /ŋ/, e.g., δεν κοβω, <dheng'kovō>, I cut.

⁴ /z/ before voiced consonants, e.g., ος Δεβτέρ, <oz Dhevtér>, until Monday,

Verbs - Ρίματα

Verb Classes - Τι Ταξις από το Ρίματα

038. The Athonite verb has been reduced from the many tenses present in Classical and Demotic Greek to six.
039. The six tenses are the present, the past (the Greek imperfect), and the future (the Greek future continuous), and their perfect counterparts.
040. Athonite verbs are divided into two classes, those in which the personal ending is not accented (I) and those in which the personal ending is accented (II).
041. The endings on the verbs are changed to denote person and number.

The Active Voice - Τι Ενέργ Φων

042. The active voice denotes that the agent is doing the action of the verb.

The Present Tense - Ο Ενεςτώτ

043. In the present tense of Class I verbs, the accent remains on the stem of the verb. In the present tense of Class II verbs, the accent is on the endings.

Class I
	Singular	Plural
1st	βλεπω, I see	βλέπoμε, we see
2nd	βλεπις, you see	βλέπετε, you see
3rd	βλεπι, he, she, it sees	βλεπουν, they see

Class II
	Singular	Plural
1st	αγαπώ, I love	αγαπάμε, we love
2nd	αγαπάς, you love	αγαπάτε, you love
3rd	αγαπά, he, she, it loves	αγαπάν, they love

The Past Tense - Ο Παρατατίκ Χρων

044. The past tense is formed by using endings different from the present and by placing the accent on the third syllable from the end.
045. Class II verbs insert -άγ- between the stem and the ending.
046. When there is no third syllable, the augment ε- is added.

Class I
	Singular	Plural
1st	έβλεπα, I saw, was seeing	βλέπαμε, we saw, were seeing
2nd	έβλεπες, you saw, were seeing	βλέπατε, you saw, were seeing
3rd	έβλεπε, he, she, it saw, was seeing	έβλεπαν, they saw, were seeing

Class II
	Singular	Plural
1st	αγάπαγα, I loved, was loving	αγαπάγαμε, we loved, were loving
2nd	αγάπαγες, you loved, were loving	αγαπάγατε, you loved, were loving
3rd	αγάπαγε, he, she, it loved, was loving	αγάπαγαν, they loved, were loving

The Future Tense - Ο Μελων Χρων

047. The future tense is formed by putting the particle θα before the present tense.

Class I
	Singular	Plural
1st	θa βλεπω, I see	θa βλέπoμε, we see
2nd	θa βλεπις, you see	θa βλέπετε, you see
3rd	θa βλεπι, he, she, it sees	θa βλεπουν, they see

Class II
	Singular	Plural
1st	θ' αγαπώ, I love	θ' αγαπάμε, we love
2nd	θ' αγαπάς, you love	θ' αγαπάτε, you love
3rd	θ' αγαπά, he, she, it loves	θ' αγαπάν, they love

The Present Perfect Tense - Ο Παρακίμεν

048. The perfect tenses are not used as frequently in Athonite as they are in English, the past tense usually being used.
049. The present perfect tense is formed by the present tense of the auxiliary verb εχω, I have, and the passive participle.
050. The present perfect tense is used to denote an event of the past which has a bearing on the present.

	Singular	Plural
1st	εχω βλεπoμέν, I have seen	έχoμe βλεπoμέν, we have seen
2nd	εχις βλεπoμέν, you have seen	έχετε βλεπoμέν, you have seen
3rd	εχι βλεπoμέν, he, she, it has seen	εχουν βλεπoμέν, they have seen

The Past Perfect Tense - Ο Ιπερςιντελικ

051. The past perfect tense is more frequent than the present perfect. It is used to denote an event of the past which occurred before another event of the past.
052. The past perfect tense is formed by the past tense of the auxiliary verb εχο and the passive participle.

	Singular	Plural
1st	ιχα βλεπoμέν, I had seen	ίχαμε βλεπoμέν, we had seen
2nd	ιχεs βλεπoμέν, you had seen	ίχατε βλεπoμέν, you had seen
3rd	ιχε βλεπoμέν, he, she, it had seen	ιχαν βλεπoμέν, they had seen

The Future Perfect Tense - Ο Σιντελεςμέν Μελων Χρων

053. The future perfect tense is used to denote an event in the future which will have occurred before another event in the future.
054. The future perfect tense is formed by the future tense of the auχiliary verb εχο and the passive participle.

	Singular	Plural
1st	θa εχω βλεπoμέν, I shall have seen	θa έχoμε βλεπoμέν, we shall have seen
2nd	θa εχιs βλεπoμέν, you will have seen	θa έχετε βλεπoμέν, you will have seen
3rd	θa εχι βλεπoμέν, he, she, it will have seen	θa εχoυν βλεπoμέν, they will have seen

The Progressive Tenses - Ι εξακολουθιτίκ Χρωνι

055. The active participle is used with the appropriate tense of ιμε, I am, to form progressive tenses.

present	past	future	present perfect	past perfect	future perfect
ιμε βλεποντ I am seeing, etc.	ιμουν βλεποντ I was seeing, etc.	θα ιμε βλεποντ I will be seeing, etc.	εχω ιμέν βλεποντ I have been seeing, etc.'	ιχα ιμέν βλεποντ I had been seeing, etc.	θα εχω ιμέν βλεποντ I will have been seeing, etc.

The Passive Voice - Τι Παθιτίκ Φων

056. The passive voice denotes that the agent is being acted upon.
057. The many forms of the passive in Modern Greek have been abandoned in favor of periphrastic expressions using the verb ιμε, I am and the passive participle.

The Present Tense - Ο Ενεςτώτ

	Singular	Plural
1st	ιμε βλεπoμέν, I am seen	ίμαςτε βλεπoμέν, we are seen
2nd	ιςε βλεπoμέν, you are seen	ιςτε βλεπoμέν, you are seen
3rd	ινε βλεπoμέν, he, she, it is seen	ινε βλεπoμέν, they are seen

The Past Tense - Ο Παρατατίκ Χρων

	Singular	Plural
1st	ιμουν βλεπoμέν, I was seen	ίμαςτε βλεπoμέν, we were seen
2nd	ιςουν βλεπoμέν, you were seen	ίςαςτε βλεπoμέν, you were seen
3rd	ιταν βλεπoμέν, he, she, it was seen	ιταν βλεπoμέν, they were seen

The Future Tense - Ο Μελων Χρων

	Singular	Plural
1st	θa ιμε βλεπoμέν, I shall be seen	θa ίμαςτε βλεπoμέν, we shall be seen
2nd	θa ιςε βλεπoμέν, you will be seen	θa ιςτε βλεπoμέν, you will be seen
3rd	θa ινε βλεπoμέν, he, she, it will be seen	θa ινε βλεπoμέν, they will be seen

The Perfect Tenses - Ο Παρακίμεν

058. The perfect tenses are formed by using the appropriate tense of εχω with the passive participle of ιμε.

present	past	future
εχω ιμέν βλεπoμέν I have been seen, etc.	ιχα ιμέν βλεπoμέν I had been seen, etc.	θα εχω ιμέν βλεπoμέν I will have been seen, etc.

The Auxiliary Verbs - Το Βοϊθιτίκ Ρίματα

059. The auxiliary verbs are two of the few remaining irregular verbs.

**εχω**, I have
	Present	Past	Future
1st singular	εχω, I have	ιχα, I had	θα εχω, I will have
2nd singular	εχις, you have	ιχες, you had	θα εχις, you shall have
3rd singular	εχι, he, she, it has	ιχε, he, she, it had	θα εχι, he, she, it shall have
1st plural	έχομε, we have	ίχαμε, we had	θα έχομε, we will have
2nd plural	έχετε, you have	ίχατε, you had,	θα έχετε, you shall have
3rd plural	εχoυν, they have	ιχαν, they had	θα εχoυν, they shall have

**ιμε**, I am
	Present	Past	Future
1st singular	ιμε, I am,	ιμουν, I was	θα ιμε, I will be
2nd singular	ιςε, you are	ιςουν, you were	θα ιςε, you shall be
3rd singular	ινε, he, she, it is	ιταν, he, she, it wαs	θα ινε, he, she, it shall be
1st plural	ίμαςτε, wε are	ίμαςταν, we were	θα ίμαςτε, we will be
2nd plural	ιςτε, you are	ίςαςτε, you were	θα ιςτε, you shall be
3rd plural	ινε, they are	ιταν, they were	θα ινε, they shall be

The Subjunctive Mood - Τι Ιποτακτίκ

060. The subjunctive mood expresses an action or state which is hypothetical or anticipated rather than actual, including wishes.
061. The subjunctive mood in Athonite is formed with the particle να.

Εφχω να βρεχι. I wish that it would rain.

Εφχω να έβρεχε. I wish that it had rained.

062. Certain verbs commonly used only in the third person are followed by να.

πρεπι, it is necessary; αξιζι, it is worthwhile, etc.

Πρεπι να παω τωρ.

I must be going now.

The Imperative Mood - Τι προςτακτίκ

063. The formation of the imperative is greatly simplified in Athonite consisting of only one form.
064. To form the imperative, Class I verbs replace the -ω of the present with -ε for the singular and -(ε)τε for the plural. Class II verbs replace the -ώ of the present with -ά for the singular and -(α)τε for the plural.

Singular	Plural
βλεπε, see	βλεπ(ε)τε, see
αγαπά, love	αγάπατε, love

The Infinitive - Το Απαρεμφατ

065. The infinitive is a neutral form of the verb, that is, it does not express agent, tense or mood. It is treated as a noun and is accompanied by the neuter article το. As a verb it can govern an object.

It is formed by adding the suffix -ςι to the verb stem, e.g. βλεπο > βγεπςι.

In certain instances, the final consonant of the verb stem is modified, e.g., κοβω > κοψι.

066. The infinitive also functions as a gerund.

Το τρεξι ινε καλ αςκις. Running is good exercise.

Negation - Άρνις

067. Negation in the indicative mood is expressed by putting the negative particle δεν in front of the verb.

το πρoíν ιν' ετιμ, Breakfast is ready.

το πρoíν δeν ιν' ετιμ, Breakfast is not ready.

το μπαρ δεν ινε πλιρ, The bar is not full.

δεν παω, I'm not going.

068. Negation in the subjunctive and imperative moods is expressed by putting the negative particle μι(ν) in front of the verb.

Εφχω να μιν έβρεχε. I wish that it had not rained.

μι τρεξε ι θα πεφτις. Don't run or you'll fall.

There Is/Are - βαρ/γιοκ

069. Athonite has abandoned the conjugated verbs υπαρχεί and υπαρχούν in favor of the Turkish βαρ and its negative γιοκ.

Βαρ ανθ εν το τραπέζ.

There is a flower on the table.

Γιοκ ανθ εν το τραπέζ.

There is no flower on the table.

70. A modified form of the Turkish is used for the past tense.

Βαρδ ανθ εν το τραπέζ.

There was a flower on the table.

Γιοκτ ανθ εν το τραπέζ.

There was no flower on the table.

071. In reply to a βαρ or γιοκ question, the answer is always βαρ or γιοκ, never yes or no.

Βαρ μιλα εν το τραπέζ;

Are there apples on the table?

Βαρ, Yes, there are.

Γιοκ, No, there are not.

072. βαρ and γιοκ may also used to express possession. The possessor is expressed with the possessive adjective.

Βαρ τρις μιλα μου; I have three apples.

Γιοκ αδέλφ τις ; She does not have a sister.

Deponent Verbs - Αποθετίκ Ρίματα

073. The deponent verbs of Modern Greek have become regular verbs, e.g., έρχομε, I come, > ερχω.

The Use of ινε - Ι Χρις από το Ινε'

074. When an adjective is used predicatively, the copula ινε is not used, e.g., το κιαν ςπιτ, the blue house; but το ςπιτ κιαν, the house is blue.

Questions - Ερώτιςις

075. A question with an interrogative pronoun has the same word order as a regular sentence.

Π' ιςε; Who are you?

πιόν έβλεπας; Whom did you see?

ςε πιον μίλαγες; To whom were you talking?

076. A yes-no question has the same word order as a regular sentence, but is followed by the interrogative particle μι.

Πας ςτο ςχολί. You are going to school.

Πας ςτο ςχολί μι; Are you going to school?

077. A question with a tag has the same word order as a regular sentence, but is followed by the interrogative particle ντιμι.

αυτό ινε βιβλί, ντιμι; This is a book, isn't it?

ςι έγραφα τι επιςτόλ, ντιμι; You wrote the letter, didn't you?

ςι θα ερχις αβρι, ντιμι; You'll come tomorrow, won't you?

Adverbs - Επιρίματα

078. Adverbs are words used to modify verbs, adjectives or other adverbs.
079. Adverbs can be formed from many adjectives by adding -α/-ά to the adjective.

το ιρεμ πεδ , the quiet child; τρεχε ιρεμα. Run quietly.

το αργ τρεν, the slow train; Προχώραγα αργά, He proceeded slowly.

080 .The comparative and superlative of adverbs are formed in the same way as with adjectives.

εφκολ, easy; έφκολα, easily

πιο εφκολ, easier, easiest; πιο έφκολα, more/most easily

Athonite Grammar I

Athonite Grammar II: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 12:56, 8 November 2021

Contents

Pronunciation Table - Πινακ από Προφόρ

Notes - Σιμιωςις

Verbs - Ρίματα

Verb Classes - Τι Ταξις από το Ρίματα

The Active Voice - Τι Ενέργ Φων

The Present Tense - Ο Ενεςτώτ

The Past Tense - Ο Παρατατίκ Χρων

The Future Tense - Ο Μελων Χρων

The Present Perfect Tense - Ο Παρακίμεν

The Past Perfect Tense - Ο Ιπερςιντελικ

The Future Perfect Tense - Ο Σιντελεςμέν Μελων Χρων

The Progressive Tenses - Ι εξακολουθιτίκ Χρωνι

The Passive Voice - Τι Παθιτίκ Φων

The Present Tense - Ο Ενεςτώτ

The Past Tense - Ο Παρατατίκ Χρων

The Future Tense - Ο Μελων Χρων

The Perfect Tenses - Ο Παρακίμεν

The Auxiliary Verbs - Το Βοϊθιτίκ Ρίματα

The Subjunctive Mood - Τι Ιποτακτίκ

The Imperative Mood - Τι προςτακτίκ

The Infinitive - Το Απαρεμφατ

Negation - Άρνις

There Is/Are - βαρ/γιοκ

Deponent Verbs - Αποθετίκ Ρίματα

The Use of ινε - Ι Χρις από το Ινε'

Questions - Ερώτιςις

Adverbs - Επιρίματα

Navigation menu

Page actions

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Personal tools

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@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 ==Pronunciation Table - '''Πινακ από Προφόρ'''==
-{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:1050px;"
+{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; width:1100px;"
-! Athonite
+!IPA
-! α
+! /a/<font color=red><sup>1</sup></font>
-! αυ
+! /af/<font color=red><sup>2</sup></font>
-! β
+! /v/
-! γ
+! /ɣ/<font color=red><sup>3</sup></font>
-! γγ
+! /ŋ/
-! γκ
+! /g/
-! γξ
+! /ŋks/
-! γχ
+! /ŋç/
-! δ
+! /ð/
-! ε
+! /e/
-! ει
+! /i/
-! ευ
+! /εf/<font color=red><sup>4</sup></font>
-! ζ
+! /z/
-! ι
+! /i/<font color=red><sup>5</sup></font>
-! θ
+! /θ/
-! κ
+! /i/
-! λ
+! /k/
-! μ
+! /l/
-! μπ
+! /m/
-! ν
+! /b/
-! ντ
+! /n/<font color=red><sup>6</sup></font>
-! ξ
+! /d/
-! ο
+! /ks/
-! ου
+! /o/
-! π
+! /u/
-! ρ
+! /p/
-! ς
+! /ɾ/
-! τ
+! /s/<font color=red><sup>7</sup></font>
-! τζ
+! /t/
-! υ
+! /ʣ/
-! φ
+! /i/
-! χ
+! /f/
-! ψ
+! /ç/
-! ω
+! /ps/
+! /o/
+|-
+| Greek
+| α
+| αυ
+| β
+| γ
+| γγ
+| γκ
+| γξ
+| γχ
+| δ
+| ε
+| ει
+| ευ
+| ζ
+| η
+| θ
+| ι
+| κ
+| λ
+| μ
+| μπ
+| ν
+| ντ
+| ξ
+| ο
+| ου
+| π
+| ρ
+| ς
+| τ
+| τζ
+| υ
+| φ
+| χ
+| ψ
+| ω
+|-
+| Athonite
+| α
+| αφ/β
+| β
+| γ
+| γγ
+| γκ
+| γξ
+| γχ
+| δ
+| ε
+| ι
+| εφ/β
+| ζ
+| ι
+| θ
+| ι
+| κ
+| λ
+| μ
+| μπ
+| ν
+| ντ
+| ξ
+| ο
+| ου
+| π
+| ρ
+| ς
+| τ
+| τζ
+| ι
+| φ
+| χ
+| ψ
+| ο
 |-
 | Latin
@@ Line 45: / Line 120: @@
 | g
 | ng
-| nk
+| g
 | ngks
 | nch
@@ Line 55: / Line 130: @@
 | i
 | th
+| i
 | k
 | l
@@ Line 68: / Line 144: @@
 | s
 | t
-| z
+| tz
 | y
 | f
@@ Line 74: / Line 150: @@
 | ps
 | ō
-|-
-|IPA
-| /a/<font color=red><sup>1</sup></font>
-| /af/<font color=red><sup>2</sup></font>
-| /v/
-| /ɣ/<font color=red><sup>3</sup></font>
-| /ŋ/
-| /ŋg/
-| /ŋks/
-| /ŋç/
-| /ð/
-| /ε/
-| /i/
-| /εf/<font color=red><sup>4</sup></font>
-| /z/
-| /i/<font color=red><sup>5</sup></font>
-| /θ/
-| /k/
-| /l/
-| /m/
-| /b/
-| /n/<font color=red><sup>6</sup></font>
-| /d/
-| /ks/
-| /ɔ/
-| /u/
-| /p/
-| /r/
-| /s/<font color=red><sup>7</sup></font>
-| /t/
-| /ʣ/
-| /y/
-| /f/
-| /ç/
-| /ps/
-| /o/
 |}
-====Notes - '''Σιμιώςις'''====
+===Notes - '''Σιμιωςις'''===
 *<font color=red><sup>1</sup></font> when accented, otherwise /ʌ/.
-*<font color=red><sup>2</sup></font> '''αφ''' before voiceless consonants, '''αβ''' before voiced consonants or vowels.
+*<font color=red><sup>2</sup></font> /ɣ/ before α, ο and ου; /j/ before ε and ι.
-*<font color=red><sup>3</sup></font> /ɣ/ before α, ο, ου, and ω; /j/ before ε, ι, υ.
+*<font color=red><sup>3</sup></font> final <ν> before <π> and <μπ>  becomes /m/, ''e.g.'', '''δεν μπορώ''', <dhemboˈrṓ>, I cannot. The <π> becomes /b/, ''e.g.'', '''δεν πιραζι''', <dhembiˈrazi>, it doesn't matter.
-*<font color=red><sup>4</sup></font> '''εφ''' before voiceless consonants, '''εβ''' before voiced consonants.
+:final <ν> before <κ>, <γ> and <χ>  becomes /ŋ/, ''e.g.'', '''δεν κοβω''', <dheng'kovō>, I cut.
-*<font color=red><sup>5</sup></font> /j/ between vowels.
+*<font color=red><sup>4</sup></font> /z/ before voiced consonants, ''e.g.'', '''ος Δεβτέρ''', <oz Dhevtér>, until Monday,
-*<font color=red><sup>6</sup></font> final <n> before a voiceless stop becomes /m/ and the stop is voiced, ''e.g.'', δεν πιραζι, /ðembiˈrazi/, it doesn't matter.
-*<font color=red><sup>7</sup></font> /z/ before voiced consonants.
 ===Verbs - '''Ρίματα'''===
@@ Line 132: / Line 169: @@
 *042. The active voice denotes that the agent is doing the action of the verb.
-=====The Present Tense - '''Ο Ενεςτώτ Χρον'''=====
+=====The Present Tense - '''Ο Ενεςτώτ'''=====
 *043. In the present tense of Class I verbs, the accent remains on the stem of the verb. In the present tense of Class II verbs, the accent is on the endings.
@@ Line 173: / Line 210: @@
 |}
-=====The Past Tense - '''Ο Παρατατίκ Χρον'''=====
+=====The Past Tense - '''Ο Παρατατίκ Χρων'''=====
 *044. The past tense is formed by using endings different from the present and by placing the accent on the third syllable from the end.
 *045. Class II verbs insert '''-άγ-''' between the stem and the ending.
@@ Line 216: / Line 253: @@
 |}
-=====The Future Tense - '''Ο Μελοντίκ Χρον'''=====
+=====The Future Tense - '''Ο Μελων Χρων'''=====
 *047. The future tense is formed by putting the particle '''θα''' before the present tense.
@@ Line 257: / Line 294: @@
 |}
-=====The Present Perfect Tense - '''Ο Παρακίμεν Χρον'''=====
+=====The Present Perfect Tense - '''Ο Παρακίμεν'''=====
 *048. The perfect tenses are not used as frequently in Athonite as they are in English, the past tense usually being used.
 *049. The present perfect tense is formed by the present tense of the auxiliary verb '''εχω''', ''I have'', and the passive participle.
@@ Line 267: / Line 304: @@
 |-
 !1st
-|'''εχω βλεπμέν''', I have seen
+|'''εχω βλεπoμέν''', I have seen
-|'''έχoμe βλεπμέν''', we have seen
+|'''έχoμe βλεπoμέν''', we have seen
 |-
 !2nd
-|'''εχις βλεπμέν''', you have seen
+|'''εχις βλεπoμέν''', you have seen
-|'''έχετε βλεπμέν''', you have seen
+|'''έχετε βλεπoμέν''', you have seen
 |-
 !3rd
-|'''εχι βλεπμέν''', he, she, it has seen
+|'''εχι βλεπoμέν''', he, she, it has seen
-|'''εχουν βλεπμέν''', they have seen
+|'''εχουν βλεπoμέν''', they have seen
 |}
-=====The Past Perfect Tense - '''Ο Υπερςυντελικ Χρον'''=====
+=====The Past Perfect Tense - '''Ο Ιπερςιντελικ'''=====
 *051. The past perfect tense is more frequent than the present perfect. It is used to denote an event of the past which occurred before another event of the past.
-*052. The past perfect tense is formed by the past tense of the auχiliary verb '''εχω''' and the passive participle.
+*052. The past perfect tense is formed by the past tense of the auxiliary verb '''εχο''' and the passive participle.
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 !
@@ Line 288: / Line 325: @@
 |-
 !1st
-|'''ιχα βλεπμέν''', I had seen
+|'''ιχα βλεπoμέν''', I had seen
-|'''ίχαμε βλεπμέν''', we had seen
+|'''ίχαμε βλεπoμέν''', we had seen
 |-
 !2nd
-|'''ιχεs βλεπμέν''', you had seen
+|'''ιχεs βλεπoμέν''', you had seen
-|'''ίχατε βλεπμέν''', you had seen
+|'''ίχατε βλεπoμέν''', you had seen
 |-
 !3rd
-|'''ιχε βλεπμέν''', he, she, it had seen
+|'''ιχε βλεπoμέν''', he, she, it had seen
-|'''ιχαν βλεπμέν''', they had seen
+|'''ιχαν βλεπoμέν''', they had seen
 |}
-=====The Future Perfect Tense - '''Ο Συντελεςμέν Μελοντ Χρον'''=====
+=====The Future Perfect Tense - '''Ο Σιντελεςμέν Μελων Χρων'''=====
 *053. The future perfect tense is used to denote an event in the future which will have occurred before another event in the future.
-*054. The future perfect tense is formed by the future tense of the auχiliary verb '''εχω''' and the passive participle.
+*054. The future perfect tense is formed by the future tense of the auχiliary verb '''εχο''' and the passive participle.
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 !
@@ Line 309: / Line 346: @@
 |-
 !1st
-|'''θa εχω βλεπμέν''', I shall have run
+|'''θa εχω βλεπoμέν''', I shall have seen
-|'''θa έχoμε βλεπμέν''', we shall have run
+|'''θa έχoμε βλεπoμέν''', we shall have seen
 |-
 !2nd
-|'''θa εχιs βλεπμέν''', you will have run
+|'''θa εχιs βλεπoμέν''', you will have seen
-|'''θa έχετε βλεπμέν''', you will have run
+|'''θa έχετε βλεπoμέν''', you will have seen
 |-
 !3rd
-|'''θa εχι βλεπμέν''', he, she, it will have run
+|'''θa εχι βλεπoμέν''', he, she, it will have seen
-|'''θa εχoυν βλεπμέν''', they will have run
+|'''θa εχoυν βλεπoμέν''', they will have seen
 |}
-====The Progressive Tenses - '''Ι Προοδευτίκ Χρονι'''====
+====The Progressive Tenses - '''Ι εξακολουθιτίκ Χρωνι'''====
 *055. The active participle is used with the appropriate tense of '''ιμε''', ''I am'', to form progressive tenses.
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@@ Line 331: / Line 368: @@
 !future perfect
 |-
-|'''ιμε βλεποντ'''<br>I am running, ''etc.''
+|'''ιμε βλεποντ'''<br>I am seeing, ''etc.''
-|'''ιμουν βλεποντ'''<br>I was running, ''etc.''
+|'''ιμουν βλεποντ'''<br>I was seeing, ''etc.''
-|'''θα ιμε βλεποντ'''<br>I will be running, ''etc.''
+|'''θα ιμε βλεποντ'''<br>I will be seeing, ''etc.''
-|'''εχω ιμεν βλεποντ'''<br>I have been running, ''etc.'
+|'''εχω ιμέν βλεποντ'''<br>I have been seeing, ''etc.'
-|'''ιχα ιμεν βλεποντ'''<br>I had been running, ''etc.''
+|'''ιχα ιμέν βλεποντ'''<br>I had been seeing, ''etc.''
-|'''θα εχω ιμεν βλεποντ'''<br>I will have been running, ''etc.''
+|'''θα εχω ιμέν βλεποντ'''<br>I will have been seeing, ''etc.''
 |}
-====The Passive Voice - '''ι παθιτίκ φων'''====
+====The Passive Voice - '''Τι Παθιτίκ Φων'''====
 *056. The passive voice denotes that the agent is being acted upon.
 *057. The many forms of the passive in Modern Greek have been abandoned in favor of periphrastic expressions using the verb '''ιμε''', ''I am'' and the passive participle.
-=====The Present Tense - '''ο Ενεςτώτ Χρον'''=====
+=====The Present Tense - '''Ο Ενεςτώτ'''=====
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 !
@@ Line 350: / Line 387: @@
 |-
 !1st
-|'''ιμε βλέπoμεν''', I am seen
+|'''ιμε βλεπoμέν''', I am seen
-|'''ίμαςτε βλέπoμεν''', we are seen
+|'''ίμαςτε βλεπoμέν''', we are seen
 |-
 !2nd
-|'''ιςε βλέπoμεν''', you are seen
+|'''ιςε βλεπoμέν''', you are seen
-|'''ιςτε βλέπoμεν''', you are seen
+|'''ιςτε βλεπoμέν''', you are seen
 |-
 !3rd
-|'''ινε βλέπoμεν''', he, she, it is seen
+|'''ινε βλεπoμέν''', he, she, it is seen
-|'''ινε βλέπoμεν''', they are seen
+|'''ινε βλεπoμέν''', they are seen
 |}
-=====The Past Tense - '''Ο Παρελθοντίκ Χρον'''=====
+=====The Past Tense - '''Ο Παρατατίκ Χρων'''=====
 {|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
 !
@@ Line 369: / Line 406: @@
 |-
 !1st
-|'''ιμουν βλέπoμεν''', I was seen
+|'''ιμουν βλεπoμέν''', I was seen
-|'''ίμαςτε βλέπoμεν''', we were seen
+|'''ίμαςτε βλεπoμέν''', we were seen
 |-
 !2nd
-|'''ιςουν βλέπoμεν''', you were seen
+|'''ιςουν βλεπoμέν''', you were seen
-|'''ίςαςτε βλέπoμεν''', you were seen
+|'''ίςαςτε βλεπoμέν''', you were seen
 |-
 !3rd
-|'''ιταν βλέπoμεν''', he, she, it was seen
+|'''ιταν βλεπoμέν''', he, she, it was seen
-|'''ιταν βλέπoμεν''', they were seen
+|'''ιταν βλεπoμέν''', they were seen
 |}
-=====The Future Tense - '''Ο Μελοντίκ Χρον'''=====
+=====The Future Tense - '''Ο Μελων Χρων'''=====
 {|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
 !
@@ Line 388: / Line 425: @@
 |-
 !1st
-|'''θa ιμε βλέπoμεν''', I shall be seen
+|'''θa ιμε βλεπoμέν''', I shall be seen
-|'''θa ίμαςτε βλέπoμεν''', we shall be seen
+|'''θa ίμαςτε βλεπoμέν''', we shall be seen
 |-
 !2nd
-|'''θa ιςε βλέπoμεν''', you will be seen
+|'''θa ιςε βλεπoμέν''', you will be seen
-|'''θa ιςτε βλέπoμεν''', you will be seen
+|'''θa ιςτε βλεπoμέν''', you will be seen
 |-
 !3rd
-|'''θa ινε βλέπoμεν''', he, she, it will be seen
+|'''θa ινε βλεπoμέν''', he, she, it will be seen
-|'''θa ινε βλέπoμεν''', they will be seen
+|'''θa ινε βλεπoμέν''', they will be seen
 |}
-=====The Perfect Tenses- '''Ο Παρακείμεν Χρον'''=====
+=====The Perfect Tenses - '''Ο Παρακίμεν'''=====
 *058. The perfect tenses are formed by using the appropriate tense of '''εχω''' with the passive participle of '''ιμε'''.
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@@ Line 407: / Line 444: @@
 !future
 |-
-|'''εχω ιμεν βλέπoμεν'''<br>I have been seen, ''etc.''
+|'''εχω ιμέν βλεπoμέν'''<br>I have been seen, ''etc.''
-|'''ιχα ιμεν βλέπoμεν'''<br>I had been seen, ''etc.''
+|'''ιχα ιμέν βλεπoμέν'''<br>I had been seen, ''etc.''
-|'''θα εχω ιμεν βλέπoμεν'''<br>I shall have been seen, ''etc.''
+|'''θα εχω ιμέν βλεπoμέν'''<br>I will have been seen, ''etc.''
 |}
-====The Auxiliary Verbs - '''Το Βοιθιτίκ Ρίματα'''====
+====The Auxiliary Verbs - '''Το Βοϊθιτίκ Ρίματα'''====
 *059. The auxiliary verbs are two of the few remaining irregular verbs.
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@@ Line 424: / Line 461: @@
 |'''εχω''', I have
 |'''ιχα''', I had
-|'''θα εχω''', I shall have
+|'''θα εχω''', I will have
 |-
 !2nd singular
 |'''εχις''', you have
 |'''ιχες''', you had
-|'''θα εχις''', you will have
+|'''θα εχις''', you shall have
 |-
 !3rd singular
 |'''εχι''', he, she, it has
 |'''ιχε''', he, she, it had
-|'''θα εχι''', he, she, it will have
+|'''θα εχι''', he, she, it shall have
 |-
 !1st plural
 |'''έχομε''', we have
-|'''ίχαμε''', we hadεί
+|'''ίχαμε''', we had
-|'''θα έχομε''', we shall have
+|'''θα έχομε''', we will have
 |-
 !2nd plural
 |'''έχετε''', you have
 |'''ίχατε''', you had,
-|'''θα έχετε''', you will have
+|'''θα έχετε''', you shall have
 |-
 !3rd plural
 |'''εχoυν''', they have
 |'''ιχαν''', they had
-|'''θα εχoυν''', they will have
+|'''θα εχoυν''', they shall have
 |}
@@ Line 462: / Line 499: @@
 |'''ιμε''', I am,
 |'''ιμουν''', I was
-|'''θα ιμε''', I shall be
+|'''θα ιμε''', I will be
 |-
 !2nd singular
 |'''ιςε''', you are
 |'''ιςουν''', you were
-|'''θα ιςε''', you will be
+|'''θα ιςε''', you shall be
 |-
 !3rd singular
 |'''ινε''', he, she, it is
 |'''ιταν''', he, she, it wαs
-|'''θα ινε''', he, she, it will be
+|'''θα ινε''', he, she, it shall be
 |-
 !1st plural
 |'''ίμαςτε''', wε are
 |'''ίμαςταν''', we were
-|'''θα ίμαςτε''', we shall be
+|'''θα ίμαςτε''', we will be
 |-
 !2nd plural
 |'''ιςτε''', you are
 |'''ίςαςτε''', you were
-|'''θα ιςτε''', you will be
+|'''θα ιςτε''', you shall be
 |-
 !3rd plural
 |'''ινε''', they are
 |'''ιταν''', they were
-|'''θα ινε''', they will be
+|'''θα ινε''', they shall be
 |}
-====The Subjunctive Mood - '''Η Υποτακτίκ εγκλισ'''====
+====The Subjunctive Mood - ''' Τι Ιποτακτίκ'''====
 *060. The subjunctive mood expresses an action or state which is hypothetical or anticipated rather than actual, including wishes.
 *061. The subjunctive mood in Athonite is formed with the particle '''να'''.
-::'''Ευχω να βρεχι.''' I wish that it would rain.
+::'''Εφχω να βρεχι.''' I wish that it would rain.
-::'''Ευχω να έβρεχε.''' I wish that it had rained.
+::'''Εφχω να έβρεχε.''' I wish that it had rained.
-::'''Αν βρεχι θα μίνω σε σπιτ.''' If it rains, I will stay home.
 *062. Certain verbs commonly used only in the third person are followed by '''να'''.
 ::'''πρεπι''', it is necessary; '''αξιζι''', it is worthwhile, ''etc''.
-::'''Πρεπι να παω τορα.'''
+::'''Πρεπι να παω τωρ.'''
 :::I must be going now.
-====The Imperative Mood - '''ι προςτακτίκ εγκλις'''====
+====The Imperative Mood - ''' Τι προςτακτίκ'''====
 *063. The formation of the imperative is greatly simplified in Athonite consisting of only one form.
-*064. To form the imperative, '''-ε''' for the singular and '''-(ε)τε''' for the plural replace the '''-ω''' of the present.
+*064. To form the imperative, Class I verbs replace the '''-ω''' of the present with '''-ε''' for the singular and '''-(ε)τε''' for the plural. Class II verbs replace the '''-ώ''' of the present with '''-ά''' for the singular and '''-(α)τε''' for the plural.
 {|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
 !<center>Singular</center>
@@ Line 512: / Line 548: @@
 |'''βλεπ(ε)τε''', see
 |-
-|'''αγαπα''', love
+|'''αγαπά''', love
 |'''αγάπατε''', love
 |}
-====The Infinitive - '''Το Απαρέμφατ'''====
+====The Infinitive - '''Το Απαρεμφατ'''====
 *065. The infinitive is a neutral form of the verb, that is, it does not express agent, tense or mood. It is treated as a noun and is accompanied by the neuter article '''το'''. As a verb it can govern an object.
-::It is formed by adding the suffix '''-ςι''' to the verb stem, ''e.g.'' '''βλεπω''' > '''βγεπςι'''.
+::It is formed by adding the suffix '''-ςι''' to the verb stem, ''e.g.'' '''βλεπο''' > '''βγεπςι'''.
-::In certain instances, the final consonant of the verb stem is modified, ''e.g.'' "'κοβο''' > '''κοψι'''.
+::In certain instances, the final consonant of the verb stem is modified, ''e.g.'', '''κοβω''' > '''κοψι'''.
 *066. The infinitive also functions as a gerund.
 ::'''Το τρεξι ινε καλ αςκις.''' Running is good exercise.
-====Negation - '''Άρνης'''====
+====Negation - '''Άρνις'''====
 *067. Negation in the indicative mood is expressed by putting the negative particle '''δεν''' in front of the verb.
 ::'''το πρoíν ιν' ετιμ''', Breakfast is ready.
 ::'''το πρoíν δeν ιν' ετιμ''', Breakfast is not ready.
-::'''το μπαρ δεν ινε γεμάτ''', The bar is not full.
+::'''το μπαρ δεν ινε πλιρ''', The bar is not full.
 ::'''δεν παω''', I'm not going.
 *068. Negation in the subjunctive and imperative moods  is expressed by putting the negative particle '''μι(ν)''' in front of the verb.
-::'''Ευχω να μιν έβρεχε.''' I wish that it had not rained.
+::'''Εφχω να μιν έβρεχε.''' I wish that it had not rained.
 ::'''μι τρεξε ι θα πεφτις.''' Don't run or you'll fall.
@@ Line 539: / Line 575: @@
 ::'''{{Color|blue|Γιοκ}} ανθ εν το τραπέζ.'''
 :::There is no flower on the table.
-*070. In reply to a {{Color|blue|'''βαρ'''}} or {{Color|blue|'''γιοκ'''}} question, the answer is always {{Color|blue|'''βαρ'''}} or {{Color|blue|'''γιοκ'''}}, never ''yes'' or ''no''.
+*70. A modified form of the Turkish is used for the past tense.
-::'''{{Color|blue|βαρ}} μιλα εν το τραπέζ;'''
+::'''{{Color|blue|Βαρδ}} ανθ εν το τραπέζ.'''
+:::There was a flower on the table.
+::'''{{Color|blue|Γιοκτ}} ανθ εν το τραπέζ.'''
+:::There was no flower on the table.
+*071. In reply to a {{Color|blue|'''βαρ'''}} or {{Color|blue|'''γιοκ'''}} question, the answer is always {{Color|blue|'''βαρ'''}} or {{Color|blue|'''γιοκ'''}}, never ''yes'' or ''no''.
+::'''{{Color|blue|Βαρ}} μιλα εν το τραπέζ;'''
 :::Are there apples on the table?
-::'''{{Color|blue|βαρ}}''', Yes, there are.
+::'''{{Color|blue|Βαρ}}''', Yes, there are.
-::'''{{Color|blue|γιοκ}}''', No, there are not.
+::'''{{Color|blue|Γιοκ}}''', No, there are not.
-*071. {{Color|blue|βαρ}} and {{Color|blue|γιοκ}} may also used to express possession. The possessor is expressed with the possessive adjective.
+*072. '''{{Color|blue|βαρ}}''' and '''{{Color|blue|γιοκ}}''' may also used to express possession. The possessor is expressed with the possessive adjective.
-::'''{{Color|blue|βαρ}} τρις μιλα μου'''; I have three apples.
+::'''{{Color|blue|Βαρ}} τρις μιλα μου'''; I have three apples.
-::'''{{Color|blue|γιοκ}} αδέλφ τις '''; She does not have a sister.
+::'''{{Color|blue|Γιοκ}} αδέλφ τις '''; She does not have a sister.
 ====Deponent Verbs - '''Αποθετίκ Ρίματα'''====
-*072. The deponent verbs of Modern Greek have become regular verbs, ''e.g.'', '''έρχομαι''', I come, > '''ερχω'''.
+*073. The deponent verbs of Modern Greek have become regular verbs, ''e.g.'', '''έρχομε''', I come, > '''ερχω'''.
-====The Use of '''ίνε''' - '''Η Χρις από το 'Ινε''''====
+====The Use of '''ινε''' - '''Ι Χρις από το Ινε''''====
-*073. When an adjective is used predicatively, the copula '''ίνε'''  is not used, ''e.g.'',  '''το κυαν ςπιτ''', the blue house; but ''' το ςπιτ κυαν''', the house is blue.
+*074. When an adjective is used predicatively, the copula '''ινε'''  is not used, ''e.g.'', '''το κιαν ςπιτ''', the blue house; but ''' το ςπιτ κιαν''', the house is blue.
-====Questions - '''Ερώτηςις'''====
+====Questions - '''Ερώτιςις'''====
-*074. A question with an interrogative pronoun has the same word order as a regular sentence.
+*075. A question with an interrogative pronoun has the same word order as a regular sentence.
 ::'''Π' ιςε;''' Who are you?
 ::'''πιόν έβλεπας;''' Whom did you see?
 ::'''ςε πιον μίλαγες;''' To whom were you talking?
-*075. A yes-no question has the same word order as a regular sentence, but is followed by the interrogative particle {{Color|blue|'''μι'''}}.
+*076. A yes-no question has the same word order as a regular sentence, but is followed by the interrogative particle {{Color|blue|'''μι'''}}.
 ::'''Πας ςτο ςχολί.''' You are going to school.
 ::'''Πας ςτο ςχολί {{Color|blue|μι}};''' Are you going to school?
-*076. A question with a tag has the same word order as a regular sentence, but is followed by the interrogative particle '''{{Color|blue|ντιλ μι}}'''.
+*077. A question with a tag has the same word order as a regular sentence, but is followed by the interrogative particle '''{{Color|blue|ντιμι}}'''.
-::'''αφτό ινε βιβλί, {{Color|blue|ντιλ μι}};''' This is a book, isn't it?
+::'''αυτό ινε βιβλί, {{Color|blue|ντιμι}};''' This is a book, isn't it?
-::'''ςυ έγραφα ι επιςτόλ, {{Color|blue|ντιλ μι}};''' You wrote the letter, didn't you?
+::'''ςι έγραφα τι επιςτόλ, {{Color|blue|ντιμι}};''' You wrote the letter, didn't you?
-::'''ςυ θα ερχις αβρι, {{Color|blue|ντιλ μι}}'''; You'll come tomorrow, won't you?
+::'''ςι θα ερχις αβρι, {{Color|blue|ντιμι}}'''; You'll come tomorrow, won't you?
 ===Adverbs - '''Επιρίματα'''===
-*077. Adverbs are words used to modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.
+*078. Adverbs are words used to modify verbs, adjectives or other adverbs.
-*078. Adverbs can be formed from many adjectives by adding '''-α/-ά''' to the adjective.
+*079. Adverbs can be formed from many adjectives by adding '''-α/-ά''' to the adjective.
 ::'''το ιρεμ πεδ ''', the quiet child; '''τρεχε ιρεμα.''' Run quietly.
 ::'''το αργ τρεν''', the slow train; '''Προχώραγα αργά''', He proceeded slowly.
-*079.The comparative and superlative of adverbs are formed in the same way as with adjectives.
+*080 .The comparative and superlative of adverbs are formed in the same way as with adjectives.
-::'''ευκολ''', easy; '''έυκολα''', easily
+::'''εφκολ''', easy; '''έφκολα''', easily
-::'''πιο ευκολ''', easier, easiest; '''πιο έυκολα''', more/most easily
+::'''πιο εφκολ''', easier, easiest; '''πιο έφκολα''', more/most easily
 [[Athonite Grammar I]]