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Palatalized Hook: Difference between revisions

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| Combining Palatalized Hook Below || Latin Small Letter B With Palatal Hook || Latin Capital Letter C With Palatal Hook || Latin Small Letter C With Palatal Hook || Latin Small Letter D With Palatal Hook || Latin Small Letter F With Palatal Hook || Latin Small Letter G With Palatal Hook || Latin Small Letter H With Palatal Hook || Latin Small Letter K With Palatal Hook || Latin Small Letter L With Palatal Hook || Modifier Letter L With Palatal Hook || Latin Small Letter M With Palatal Hook || Latin Small Letter N With Palatal Hook
| Combining Palatalized Hook Below || Latin Small Letter B With Palatal Hook || Latin Capital Letter C With Palatal Hook || Latin Small Letter C With Palatal Hook || Latin Small Letter D With Palatal Hook || Latin Small Letter F With Palatal Hook || Latin Small Letter G With Palatal Hook || Latin Small Letter H With Palatal Hook || Latin Small Letter K With Palatal Hook || Latin Small Letter L With Palatal Hook || Modifier Letter L With Palatal Hook || Latin Small Letter M With Palatal Hook || Latin Small Letter N With Palatal Hook
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| '''Note:''' May be confused with Cedilla, ¸ (U+00B8); Combining Cedilla, ◌̧ (U+0327); Ogonek, ˛ (U+02DB); Combining Ogonek, ◌̨ (U+0328); Combining Left Half Ring Below, ◌̜ (U+031C); Combining Half Right Ring Below, ◌̹ (U+0339); or Combining Retroflex Hook Below, ◌̢ (U+0322). || || || || '''Note:''' May be confused with Latin Small Letter D With Tail, ɖ (U+0256). || || || '''Note:''' May be confused with Latin Small Letter H With Cedilla, ḩ (U+1E29); Latin Small Letter H With Descender, ⱨ (U+2C68); or Latin Small Letter Heng, ꜧ (U+A727). || '''Note:''' May be confused with Latin Small Letter K With Descender, ⱪ (U+2C6A). || '''Note:''' May be confused with Latin Small Letter L With Retroflex Hook, ɭ (U+026D). || '''Note:''' May be confused with Modifier Letter Small L With Retroflex Hook, ᶩ (U+1DA9). || '''Note:''' May be confused with Latin Small Letter M With Hook, ɱ (U+0271). || '''Note:''' May be confused with Latin Small Letter Eng, ŋ (U+014B); Latin Small Letter N With Left Hook, ɲ (U+0272); Latin Small Letter N With Retroflex Hook, ɳ (U+0273); or Latin Small Letter N With Descender, ꞑ (U+A791).
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| style="font-size:180%" | ᶈ || style="font-size:180%" | ᶉ || style="font-size:180%" | ᶊ || style="font-size:180%" | ᶋ || style="font-size:180%" | ƫ || style="font-size:180%" | ᶵ || style="font-size:180%" | ᶌ || style="font-size:180%" | ᶍ || style="font-size:180%" | Ᶎ || style="font-size:180%" | ᶎ
| style="font-size:180%" | ᶈ || style="font-size:180%" | ᶉ || style="font-size:180%" | ᶊ || style="font-size:180%" | ᶋ || style="font-size:180%" | ƫ || style="font-size:180%" | ᶵ || style="font-size:180%" | ᶌ || style="font-size:180%" | ᶍ || style="font-size:180%" | Ᶎ || style="font-size:180%" | ᶎ
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| Latin Small Letter P With Palatal Hook || Latin Small Letter R With Palatal Hook || Latin Small Letter S With Palatal Hook || Latin Small Letter Esh With Palatal Hook || Latin Small Letter T With Palatal Hook || Modifier Letter T With Palatal Hook  || Latin Small Letter V With Palatal Hook || Latin Small Letter X With Palatal Hook || Latin Capital Letter Z With Palatal Hook || Latin Small Letter Z With Palatal Hook
| Latin Small Letter P With Palatal Hook || Latin Small Letter R With Palatal Hook || Latin Small Letter S With Palatal Hook || Latin Small Letter Esh With Palatal Hook || Latin Small Letter T With Palatal Hook || Modifier Letter T With Palatal Hook  || Latin Small Letter V With Palatal Hook || Latin Small Letter X With Palatal Hook || Latin Capital Letter Z With Palatal Hook || Latin Small Letter Z With Palatal Hook
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| || || '''Note:''' May be confused with Latin Small Letter S With Cedilla, ş (U+015F). || || '''Note:''' May be confused with Latin Small Letter T With Cedilla, ţ (U+0163). || || || || '''Note:''' May be confused with Latin Capital Letter Z With Hook, Ȥ (U+0224); or Latin Capital Letter Z With Descender, Ⱬ (U+2C6B). || '''Note:''' May be confused with Latin Small Letter Z With Hook, ȥ (U+0225); Latin Small Letter Z With Retroflex Hook, ʐ (U+0290); or Latin Small Letter Z With Descender, ⱬ (U+2C6C).
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| [[Wikipedia:Palatalization|Palatalized]] consonant
| [[Wikipedia:Palatalization|Palatalized]] consonant
| [[IPA]] (1928-1989)<ref
| [[IPA]] (1928-1989)<ref name=palatal_hook_in_ipa>[[Wikipedia:History_of_the_International_Phonetic_Alphabet|History of the International Phonetic Alphabet]] at Wikipedia.</ref>
| These letters are now obsolete in IPA, with ◌ʲ used instead.
| These letters are now obsolete in IPA, with ◌ʲ now being used instead. When the palatalized hook was in use, it was recommended to use the characters ʆ (U+0286) and ʓ (U+0293) instead of ᶋ and ʒ̡<ref name=palatal_hook/> (ʒ̡ is not a precomposed character).
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== See Also ==
*[[Natlang_Uses_of_Diacritics_in_the_Latin_Alphabet|Natlang Uses of Diacritics in the Latin Alphabet]]
*[[Cedilla]]
*[[Retroflex_Hook|Retroflex Hook]]


== References ==
== References ==

Latest revision as of 06:41, 15 April 2021

The palatalized (or palatal) hook was used in IPA until 1989 to represent palatalized consonants.[1] Note that the palatal hook may be confused with other hooks used below characters, e.g. the retroflex hook.

Palatal Hook in Unicode

Characters with palatal hook
◌̡ ᶀ Ꞔ ꞔ ᶁ ᶂ ᶃ ꞕ ᶄ ᶅ ᶪ ᶆ ᶇ
U+0321 U+1D80 U+A7C4 U+A794 U+1D81 U+1D82 U+1D83 U+A795 U+1D84 U+1D85 U+1DAA U+1D86 U+1D87
Combining Palatalized Hook Below Latin Small Letter B With Palatal Hook Latin Capital Letter C With Palatal Hook Latin Small Letter C With Palatal Hook Latin Small Letter D With Palatal Hook Latin Small Letter F With Palatal Hook Latin Small Letter G With Palatal Hook Latin Small Letter H With Palatal Hook Latin Small Letter K With Palatal Hook Latin Small Letter L With Palatal Hook Modifier Letter L With Palatal Hook Latin Small Letter M With Palatal Hook Latin Small Letter N With Palatal Hook
Note: May be confused with Cedilla, ¸ (U+00B8); Combining Cedilla, ◌̧ (U+0327); Ogonek, ˛ (U+02DB); Combining Ogonek, ◌̨ (U+0328); Combining Left Half Ring Below, ◌̜ (U+031C); Combining Half Right Ring Below, ◌̹ (U+0339); or Combining Retroflex Hook Below, ◌̢ (U+0322). Note: May be confused with Latin Small Letter D With Tail, ɖ (U+0256). Note: May be confused with Latin Small Letter H With Cedilla, ḩ (U+1E29); Latin Small Letter H With Descender, ⱨ (U+2C68); or Latin Small Letter Heng, ꜧ (U+A727). Note: May be confused with Latin Small Letter K With Descender, ⱪ (U+2C6A). Note: May be confused with Latin Small Letter L With Retroflex Hook, ɭ (U+026D). Note: May be confused with Modifier Letter Small L With Retroflex Hook, ᶩ (U+1DA9). Note: May be confused with Latin Small Letter M With Hook, ɱ (U+0271). Note: May be confused with Latin Small Letter Eng, ŋ (U+014B); Latin Small Letter N With Left Hook, ɲ (U+0272); Latin Small Letter N With Retroflex Hook, ɳ (U+0273); or Latin Small Letter N With Descender, ꞑ (U+A791).
ᶈ ᶉ ᶊ ᶋ ƫ ᶵ ᶌ ᶍ Ᶎ ᶎ
U+1D88 U+1D89 U+1D8A U+1D8B U+01AB U+1DB5 U+1D8C U+1D8D U+A7C6 U+1D8E
Latin Small Letter P With Palatal Hook Latin Small Letter R With Palatal Hook Latin Small Letter S With Palatal Hook Latin Small Letter Esh With Palatal Hook Latin Small Letter T With Palatal Hook Modifier Letter T With Palatal Hook Latin Small Letter V With Palatal Hook Latin Small Letter X With Palatal Hook Latin Capital Letter Z With Palatal Hook Latin Small Letter Z With Palatal Hook
Note: May be confused with Latin Small Letter S With Cedilla, ş (U+015F). Note: May be confused with Latin Small Letter T With Cedilla, ţ (U+0163). Note: May be confused with Latin Capital Letter Z With Hook, Ȥ (U+0224); or Latin Capital Letter Z With Descender, Ⱬ (U+2C6B). Note: May be confused with Latin Small Letter Z With Hook, ȥ (U+0225); Latin Small Letter Z With Retroflex Hook, ʐ (U+0290); or Latin Small Letter Z With Descender, ⱬ (U+2C6C).

Palatal Hook in Phonetic Transcription

Uses of Palatal Hook
Use Transcription system Notes
Palatalized consonant IPA (1928-1989)[2] These letters are now obsolete in IPA, with ◌ʲ now being used instead. When the palatalized hook was in use, it was recommended to use the characters ʆ (U+0286) and ʓ (U+0293) instead of ᶋ and ʒ̡[1] (ʒ̡ is not a precomposed character).

See Also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Palatal hook at Wikipedia.
  2. ↑ History of the International Phonetic Alphabet at Wikipedia.


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