Valware - Devanagari: Difference between revisions
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== | ==Table of Phonemes== | ||
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;" | {|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:left; margin: 1em auto 1em auto;" | ||
! | ! POA | ||
! | ! colspan="3" | <center>labial</center> | ||
! | | | ||
! | ! colspan="2" | dental | ||
! | | | ||
! | ! colspan="2" | alveolar | ||
! | | | ||
! | ! colspan="2" | palatal | ||
! | | | ||
! | ! colspan="1" | glottal | ||
| | |||
! | ! colspan="3" | nasal<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup> | ||
| | |||
! colspan="5" | vowels | |||
! | |- | ||
! | ! IPA | ||
! | | /φ/ | ||
! | | /β/ | ||
| /w/ | |||
! | |||
| /l/ | |||
| /t/ | |||
! | |||
| /ɾ/ | |||
| /s/ | |||
! | |||
| /k/ | |||
| /j/ | |||
! | |||
| /h/ | |||
! | |||
| /m/ | |||
| /n/ | |||
| /ŋ/ | |||
! | |||
| /ä/ | |||
| /e/ | |||
| /o/ | |||
| /u/ | |||
| /i/ | |||
|- | |- | ||
! Devanagari | ! Devanagari | ||
| फ | | फ | ||
| | | भ | ||
| | | व | ||
! | |||
| ल | |||
| त | |||
! | |||
| र | |||
| स | |||
! | |||
| क | | क | ||
| य | |||
! | |||
| ह | | ह | ||
! | |||
| म | | म | ||
| न | | न | ||
| ङ | | ङ | ||
! | |||
| | | अ | ||
| | | ए<br><br>मॆ | ||
| | | ओ<br><br>मॊ | ||
| उ | | उ<br><br>मु | ||
| | | इ<br><br>मि | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! Latin | ||
| | | f | ||
| | | v | ||
| | | w | ||
| | ! | ||
| | | l | ||
| | | t | ||
| | ! | ||
| | | r | ||
| | | s | ||
| | ! | ||
| | | k | ||
| | | y | ||
| | ! | ||
| | | h | ||
| | ! | ||
| | | m | ||
| | | n | ||
| | | ń | ||
! | |||
| a | |||
| e | |||
| o | |||
| u | |||
| i | |||
|} | |} | ||
===Note=== | |||
<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup> The nasals are grouped together because only they can be found as syllable codas. | |||
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|- | |- | ||
! voiced | ! voiced | ||
| m /m/ | | m /m/<br>'''म''' | ||
| n /n/<br>'''न''' | | n /n/<br>'''न''' | ||
| | | | ||
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! rowspan="2" | Fricatives | ! rowspan="2" | Fricatives | ||
! voiceless | ! voiceless | ||
| f /φ/<br>'''फ''' | | f /φ/<br>'''फ'''<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup> | ||
| | | | ||
| s /s/<br>'''स''' | | s /s/<br>'''स''' | ||
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|} | |} | ||
*<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup> / | ===Notes=== | ||
*<sup>{{Color|red|1}}</sup> '''फ''' /pʰ/ is assigned the phoneme /φ/. | |||
*<sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup> '''भ''' /bʱ/ is assigned the phoneme /β/. | *<sup>{{Color|red|2}}</sup> '''भ''' /bʱ/ is assigned the phoneme /β/. | ||
*<sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup> '''व''' /ʋ/ is assigned the phoneme /w/. | *<sup>{{Color|red|3}}</sup> '''व''' /ʋ/ is assigned the phoneme /w/. | ||
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| e /e/<br>'''ए''' | | e /e/<br>'''ए''' | ||
| | | | ||
| o /o/<br>'''ओ ''' | | o /o/<br>'''ओ''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Open | ! Open | ||
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==Example== | ==Example== | ||
*All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. | *All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. | ||
*''' | *'''Win nuńwu wolo rile ok otu usa ve sańo yuń o sati yi.''' | ||
* | *विन् नुङ्वु वीली रिलॆ ओक् ओतु उस भॆ सङी युङ् ओ सति यि ॥ | ||
*They are endowed with reason and conscience | *They are endowed with reason and conscience | ||
*'''Etu yuń o fuwi yuń ye sa yi''' | *'''Etu yuń o fuwi yuń ye sa yi''' | ||
* | *एतु युङ् ओ फुवि युङ् यॆ स् यि | ||
*and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. | *and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. | ||
*'''o wa sońa weńwa wiva ve wasi ńol wila ve ńohita wafa.''' | *'''o wa sońa weńwa wiva ve wasi ńol wila ve ńohita wafa.''' | ||
* | *ओ व सीङ वॆङ्व भॆ वसि ङील् विलॆ भॆ ङीहित वफ ॥ | ||
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[[ | [[Yenware Georgian]] | ||
Latest revision as of 15:54, 9 February 2021
Table of Phonemes
| POA | dental | alveolar | palatal | glottal | nasal1 | vowels | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IPA | /φ/ | /β/ | /w/ | /l/ | /t/ | /ɾ/ | /s/ | /k/ | /j/ | /h/ | /m/ | /n/ | /ŋ/ | /ä/ | /e/ | /o/ | /u/ | /i/ | ||||||
| Devanagari | फ | भ | व | ल | त | र | स | क | य | ह | म | न | ङ | अ | ए मॆ |
ओ मॊ |
उ मु |
इ मि | ||||||
| Latin | f | v | w | l | t | r | s | k | y | h | m | n | ń | a | e | o | u | i | ||||||
Note
1 The nasals are grouped together because only they can be found as syllable codas.
Consonants with /a/
| labial | dental | alveolar | palatal | glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasals | voiceless | |||||
| voiced | m /m/ म |
n /n/ न |
ń /ŋ/ ङ |
|||
| Stops | voiceless | t /t/ त |
k /k/ क |
|||
| voiced | ||||||
| Fricatives | voiceless | f /φ/ फ1 |
s /s/ स |
|||
| voiced | v /β/ भ2 |
|||||
| Sonorants | voiceless | h /h/ ह | ||||
| voiced | w /w/ व3 |
l /l/ ह |
r /ɾ/ र |
y /j/ य |
Notes
- 1 फ /pʰ/ is assigned the phoneme /φ/.
- 2 भ /bʱ/ is assigned the phoneme /β/.
- 3 व /ʋ/ is assigned the phoneme /w/.
Vowels
Independent form
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i /i/ इ |
u /u/ उ | |
| Close Mid | e /e/ ए |
o /o/ ओ | |
| Open | a /ä/ अ |
Diacritic form with म
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i /i/ मि |
u /u/ मु | |
| Close Mid | e /e/ मॆ |
o /o/ मॊ | |
| Open | a /ä/ म |
Example
- All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.
- Win nuńwu wolo rile ok otu usa ve sańo yuń o sati yi.
- विन् नुङ्वु वीली रिलॆ ओक् ओतु उस भॆ सङी युङ् ओ सति यि ॥
- They are endowed with reason and conscience
- Etu yuń o fuwi yuń ye sa yi
- एतु युङ् ओ फुवि युङ् यॆ स् यि
- and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
- o wa sońa weńwa wiva ve wasi ńol wila ve ńohita wafa.
- ओ व सीङ वॆङ्व भॆ वसि ङील् विलॆ भॆ ङीहित वफ ॥
- Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 1
