Miwonša: Difference between revisions
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| nouns || style="background:#FF0000" | NO|| style="background:#FF0000" | NO || | | nouns || style="background:#FF0000" | NO|| style="background:#FF0000" | NO || || | ||
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| pronouns || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || | | pronouns || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || || | ||
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| omitted pronouns || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || | | omitted pronouns || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || || | ||
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| phrase || style="background:#FF0000" | NO || style="background:#FF0000" | NO || | | phrase || style="background:#FF0000" | NO || style="background:#FF0000" | NO || || | ||
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| rowspan="4"| (omitted) pronoun | | rowspan="4"| (omitted) pronoun | ||
| nouns || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || style="background:#FF0000" | NO || | | nouns || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || style="background:#FF0000" | NO || || | ||
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| pronouns || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || | | pronouns || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| omitted pronouns || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || | | omitted pronouns || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| phrase || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || style="background:#FF0000" | NO || | | phrase || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || style="background:#FF0000" | NO || || | ||
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| rowspan="4"| phrase | | rowspan="4"| phrase | ||
| nouns || style="background:#FF0000" | NO || style="background:#FF0000" | NO || | | nouns || style="background:#FF0000" | NO || style="background:#FF0000" | NO || || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| pronouns || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || style="background:#FF0000" | NO || | | pronouns || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || style="background:#FF0000" | NO || || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| omitted pronouns || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || style="background:#FF0000" | NO || | | omitted pronouns || style="background:#66FF00" | YES || style="background:#FF0000" | NO || || | ||
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Revision as of 12:39, 25 September 2015
Introduction
Phonology
Consonants
| labial | alveolar | post-alveolar | palatal | velar | glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| plosive | p pʼ (b) | t tʼ (d) | c cʼ | k kʼ (g) | ||
| nasal | m | n | ɲ | (ŋ) | ||
| fricative | f (v) | s z (sʲ zʲ) | ʃ ʒ | ɕ | (x) | h |
| affricate | ts | tʃ dʒ | (tɕ tɕʼ) | |||
| trills | r | |||||
| laterals | l (ɬ) | (ʎ) | ||||
| approximants | w ʍ | j |
Vowels
Monophthongs:
| front | central | back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| high | i ĩ | u ũ | |
| central | ɛ ɛ̃ | ɔ ɔ̃ | |
| low | a ã |
Diphthongs:
| front | central | back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| high | iʊ̯ | uɪ̯ | |
| central | ɛɪ̯ | ɔɪ̯ | |
| low | aɪ̯ aʊ̯ |
Latin Orthography
Nouns
Adjectives
Pronouns
Determiners
Verbs
Finite Verbs forms
The slot model
| slot 1 | slot 2 | slot 3 | slot 4 | slot 5 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VERB STEM | -wa-/-ya- | PAST | -im- | 1SG.NOM | -im- | 1SG.ACC | -an | IND.IPFV |
| -iš- | 2SG.NOM | -iš | 2SG.ACC | -Ø-/-at- | IND.PFV | |||
| -iw-/-if-/-it | 3SG.NOM | -iw-/-it | 3SG.ACC | -ui/-ao | IND.FUT | |||
| -am- | 1PL.NOM | -am- | 1PL.ACC | -ai | COND | |||
| -aš- | 2PL.NOM | -aš- | 2PL.ACC | -ai/-Ø | IPFV | |||
| -aw-/-af-/-at | 3PL.NOM | -aw-/-at | 2PL.ACC | |||||
| -ar- | PASS | |||||||
| -ast- | REFL | |||||||
| -ahw- | RECP | |||||||
| -asj- | IMPERS |
Agreement rules
| Type of Subject | Type of Object | Subject Agreement | Object Agreement | Example sentence | Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| noun | no object | NO | NO | Kaika lufjan. | The cat is sleeping. |
| pronoun | no object | YES | NO | Woi lufiwan. | He is sleeping. |
| omitted pronoun | no object | YES | NO | Lufiwan. | He is sleeping. |
| phrase | no object | NO | NO | Luzjan, sta ši anhi. | It's nice (literally: It makes happy) that you are here. |
| noun | nouns | NO | NO | ||
| pronouns | YES | YES | |||
| omitted pronouns | YES | YES | |||
| phrase | NO | NO | |||
| (omitted) pronoun | nouns | YES | NO | ||
| pronouns | YES | YES | |||
| omitted pronouns | YES | YES | |||
| phrase | YES | NO | |||
| phrase | nouns | NO | NO | ||
| pronouns | YES | NO | |||
| omitted pronouns | YES | NO |
